[Objective] To inquire the national distribution of the Xinjiang residents of Northwest Dryness Syndrome's (NDS) rate.[Methods] To study the national distribution of NDS's rate at Yili,Hami,Urumqi in Xinjiang using the Scale Investigation of NDS.[Results] The NDS's rate of the rural residents has the regulation which Han or Kazakans is higher than Uighur in above the three areas,and the cities have the regulation which Han is higher than Uighur in above the three areas.The NDS's rate has the regulation which the city residents are higher than the rural's.The three nations have no difference.[Conclusion] The NDS's rate of the residents in Xinjiang has the regulation which Hami is higher than Urumqi or Yili in above three areas.Maybe,the national difference of eating habits leads the national difference of the NDS's rate and the living environment difference of urban and rural leads the national difference of the NDS's rate.

Objective:To explore the rule of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+ regulator T cells(Treg) in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia (PE) in peripheral blood.Methods:This study included 24 gestational-age-matched healthy pregnant women and 46 pregnant women diagnosed with mild PE (MPE,n=24) or severe PE (SPE,n=22) during the third trimester of gestation.An 3 ml sample of peripheral blood was drawn from each subject and anti-coagulated with heparin sodiurm The percentage of CD8 + CD25 + FoxP3 + Treg cells was detected by flow cytometry.The cytokines IL-6,IL-17A,IL-10,IL-1,IL-33 and TGF-β31 were detected using Luminex200.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated frum healthy controls and treated with IL-33,the percentages of CD8+ CD25+ FoxP3 + Treg cell were measured by flow cytometric detection.Results:Compared to that of healthy pregnant controls [0.48(0.21-0.96)％],MPE patients [0.32(0.19-0.63)％] and SPE patients [0.13(0.02-0.41)％] had lower percentages of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+Treg cells (P＜0.05).Compared to HP controls,higher levels of IL-6 and IL-17A were found in MPE and SPE patients(P＜0.05) and even higher in SPE patients.The levels of IL-10,IL-1[β and IL-33 were similar in all three groups (P＞0.05).Compared to HP contruls,the levels of TGF-[β1 was significantly increased in SPE and MPE patients(P＜0.05),but no significant differences were found between these two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The percentage of CD8+ CD25+ FoxP3+ Treg cells showed a negative correlation with the serum concentrations of IL-17A (r =-0.338,P =0.338),and a positive correlation with the serum concentrations of IL-33 (r =0.548,P =0.548).After PBMCs were treated with IL-33 for five days,the percentages of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg were significantly higher than those of the contruls (P＜0.05).Conclusion:These findings suggested that the reduced CD8+ CD25 + FoxP3 + Treg cells may play a role in the pathogenesis of ore-eclamosia.

Objective:To analyze the features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) co-infected with other common respiratory pathogens among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Shanghai City, and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control of COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases.Methods:Descriptive epidemiological approaches were used to analyze the data of COVID-19 reported cases in Shanghai City from January 2020 to February 2021 in the information system of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control. Clinical data of the participants were collected, and their SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-positive respiratory specimens were collected at the time of illness onset or admission. Multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the 22 respiratory pathogens. Independent-samples t test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Of the 272 patients with COVID-19, 15(5.5%) had co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory pathogens, all of which were double infection. There were three cases infected with enterovirus/rhinovirus, two of each with adenovirus, human metapneumovirus and coronavirus NL63/HKU1, and one of each with coronavirus 229E, influenza A virus H1N1, parainfluenza virus 1 and respiratory syncytial virus B. Two cases infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Among the 272 COVID-19 patients, 212(77.9%) had fever, 117(43.0%) had cough, 46(16.9%) had fatigue, and 35(12.9%) had sore throat. The white blood cell count of co-infection cases was higher than that of non-co-infection cases ((6.8±1.7)×10 9/L vs (5.3±1.6)×10 9/L), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.09, P=0.008). Conclusions:There is a certain proportion of co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory pathogens among the COVID-19 cases in Shanghai City, mainly viral pathogens, especially enterovirus/rhinovirus. A rational combination of drugs was recommended to improve the cure rate. Surveillance of acute respiratory infection should be further strengthened as well.