Ojective To evaluate the clinical application of ultrasound-guided Mammotome system to the treatment of patients with breast fibroadenoma. Methods The minimally invasive operations for 53 breast fibroadenoma in 43 patients were performed by ultrasound-guided Mammotome system, and the therapeutic efficacy of Mammotome system was evaluated. Results 53 lesions (0.6cm～2.2cm) in 43 patients with breast fibroadenoma were completely excised by the Mammotome system. The average incisions were 17 times and the mean operative time was 31 min. All the operations were successfully accomplished without serious complication. The length of incision was only 3 mm. And no recurrence was found by physical examination and B-ultrasonography in 15 patients(21 lesions) during follow up period for 6～21(13.5?4.0) months. Conclusions Mammotome system is simple and effective technique with minimal invasion for the excision of small breast fibroadenoma.

Objective To isolate and determine Aloin and Aloeemodin in Barbodos Aloe by ionic liquid-based ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography, with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Br) solution as the extraction solvent. Methods The separation was performed on Phenomenex C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with detection wavelength of 360 nm. The mobile phase was consisted of methanol-0.3% acetic acid solution (65∶35) with the flow rate of 0.80 mL/min, and the column temperature at 35 ℃. Results The calibration curves for Aloin and Aloeemodin were liner within 0.000 336-1.68 μg (r=0.999 96) and 0.000 608-3.04 μg (r=0.999 76), respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.05 06 ng/mL and 0.262 ng/mL, respectively. The average recovery was 95.99% and 95.80%, respectively. Conclusion The method is simple, rapid, accurate, sensitive, low cost and environment-friendly, thus it provides an effective means for assaying anthraquinones in Barbodos Aloe.

Objective To investigate the expression of interleukin-18(IL-18) and signal transducers and activators of transcription 5(STAT5)in retina of 4-24-week-old diabetic rats, and explore the potential molecular mechanisms involved in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Methods Retinal gene expression profile of healthy and 8-week-old diabetic rats was established with restriction fragment differential display-polymerase chained reaction (RFDD-PCR), and the differences was analyzed by bioinformatics. IL-18 and STAT5 were filtrated as the candidate genes of DR. The expression of IL-18 and STAT5 in retina of diabetic rats with the age of 4, 8, and 24 weeks was observed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results The result of RFDD-PCR showed:expression of IL-18 was higher in healthy retina than that in diabetic one; expression of STAT5 was not found in healthy rats but in diabetic ones. The result of RT-PCR showed:compared with the normal, high expression of IL-18 was found in 4-week diabetic retina, reduced in 8-week one, and decreased to the lowest in 24-week one. The expression of STAT5 was not observed in healthy or 4-week diabetic retina, but occurred in 8-week one, and increased in 24-week one. Conclusion The expression of IL-18 and the activation of STAT5 may relate to the occurrance of DR. The expression of IL-18 doesn′t depend on the activation of STAT5.

Objective To assess the effects of caffeine use in apnea of prematurity (AOP) in the early stage (caffeine was used within 3 days after birth) versus late stage (caffeine was used 4 to 10 days after birth ) . Methods Medline, Science Direct, Elsevier, Embase, CBMdisc and Wanfang databases were retrieved to incorporate studies that met the inclusion criteria. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the databases to November, 2015. References that were in line with the inclusion criteria were selected and relevant conference data were collected by manual retrieval. Two researchers conducted meta-analysis using software RevMan 5. 2 after independent data selection, information extraction and quality evaluation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results One randomized controlled trial and four retrospective cohort studies were included. A total of 59 288 patients were involved. Meta-analysis suggested that, compared with caffeine use in the late stage, the early stage group showed significant lower incidence ( P < 0. 05 ) of mortality, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia, retinopathy of prematurity and surgical intervention of patent ductus arteriosus. No significant difference (OR = 0. 98, 95% CI 0. 72 - 1. 33, P = 0. 881) was observed between the 2 groups in terms of the incidence of necrotic enterocolitis. Conclusions Patients with AOP should start caffeine treatment as early as possible, which significantly decreases mortality rate and the occurrence of other complications with little adverse reactions and good clinical tolerance.

AIM:To explore the characteristics of hepatitis B virus S gene mutation in the vertical transmission after active and passive vaccination .METHODS:Fifteen cases of immunoprophylaxis failure were enrolled in the study . HBV S gene (including pres-S and S) from the mothers, newborns before active and passive vaccination and 7-month-old infants with immunoprophylaxis failure were detected by PCR amplification .The characteristics of HBV S gene mutation were compared among the 3 groups.RESULTS: The genotype of HBV in the newborns and the infants was the same as that in the mothers .The frequencies of mutation in the 2 fragments of the HBV S gene had no significant difference between the 3 groups.The homology tree model based on HBV S gene was analyzed in the 3 groups, in which every group had their own cluster.There were 15 different mutation sites between 7 pairs of mothers and newborns .There were 3 different muta-tion sites between 3 pairs of newborns and infants (nt273A→A/G, nt512C→C/T and nt1139C→A), among which the first 2 were located in the S gene region but not in the “a” determinant , and the latter was located in the overlap region of S and X genes .There were 25 different mutation sites between 9 pairs of mothers and infants , but only 1 case had a differ-ent mutation site between the mother , newborn and infant .CONCLUSION: The HBV species in newborns and infants with immunoprophylaxis failure were transmitted from the mothers .The mutations in the HBV S gene with immunoprophy-laxis failure happened before and after active and passive vaccination , mainly before vaccination .The relationship between HBV S gene mutations and immunoprophylaxis failure should be further explored .

Objective To provide clinical evidence for the optimal acupuncture time in acupuncture treatment of hearing disorder in kids with cerebral palsy.Method Ninety eligible patients were randomized into 3 groups, 30 in each group. Group A was treated for 30 min, group B for 45 min, and group C for 1 h. The hearing improvement was evaluated by using brain-stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP).Result The detection of BAEP showed that the latent and peak periods of wave I,Ⅲ, and V were significantly shortened in the 3 groups after intervention (P<0.01), suggesting that acupuncture can produce a marked efficacy in treating hearing disorder in cerebral palsy. The inter-group comparisons showed that the efficacy of group A was significantly higher than that of group B and C (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in comparing the efficacy between group B and C (P>0.05). It’s indicated that the optimal acupuncture time span should be 30 min.Conclusion With the same acupuncture skills, acupuncture for 30 min can produce a comparatively higher efficacy in treating infantile hearing disorder.

AIM: To gain an insight into preference for elderly diabetic patients with angina pectoris between Shexiang Baoxin Pill (SXBXP) (Moschus, Radix Ginseng, Calculus Bovis, etc.) and Extended Release Isosorbide 5-Mononitrate (ERIM). METHODS: Followed a two-week run-in, 56 elderly patients were randomized to take SXBXP 2 pills tid or ERIM 60 mg qd for 4 weeks; then followed a two-week wash-out, patients crossed over to the complementary therapy for another 4 weeks. Daily diary cards were used to record the side effects, the frequency of angina pectoris attacks and use of rescue medication. At the end of the study, participants were asked to complete a 3-item scale questionary to assess their angina pectoris treatment in terms of convenience, side effects and overall preference. RESULTS: No treatment difference in the frequency of angina pectoris attacks and use of rescue medication was found; 71.4% of patients thought use of SXBXP was the same convenient as that of ERIM; patients felt SXBXP had side effects fewer than ERIM and overall 75% of patients preferred SXBXP. CONCLUSION: Elderly diabetic patients with angina pectoris prefer SXBXP to ERIM.

Objective To develop a sensitive and specific HPLC method to simultaneously determine the contents of puerarin, daidzin and daidzein in Puerariae Lobatae Radix. Methods The three compounds were obtained by ionic liquid based on dispersive liquid phase microextraction. The determination was carried out on a Phenomenex C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5μm) with a mixture of methanol-0.2%acetic acid (volume ration 45∶55) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The UV detective wavelength was 250 nm, and the column temperature was set at 35 ℃. Results The linear response ranged from 6.24×10-6-37.44 μg for puerarin (r=0.999 71), 5.44×10-6-27.20μg for daidzin (r=0.999 85), and 5.60×10-6-28.00μg for daidzein (r=0.999 94), respectively. Conclusion The method is quick, simple and repeatable for simultaneous determination of the contents of puerarin, daidzin and daidzein in Puerariae Lobatae Radix.

Objective To prepare sustained-release danshensu microcapsules by spray drying.Methods Encapsulation efficiency of different coating materials was compared.The spray process was optimized using a central composite design for two variables to obtain microcapsules with microcapsules yield.Furthermore, in vitro release of danshensu microcapsules was determined.Results PVA was chosen as coating material and the ratio of coating material to core material was 3:1.The inlet air temperature was 190℃,the feed flow rate was 36 r/min,encapsulation efficiency was 85.0%,and microcapsules yield was 56.1%.The particle size of more than 70%microcapsules was between 6—12?m.Conclusion The optimized conditions of spray drying are reasonable,danshensu microcapsules can be used as sustained-release preparation.

0 05, The reference inteval ( ?2s ) was 0 70～1 15 mmol/L ( n =67) Conclusions This method is simple, sensitive, rapid and accurate,and suitable for the routine manual or automatic analysis of magnesium in serum