Objective To explore the clinical features,related diseases,,etiology of inhalation pneumonia and premonition of lung infection in patients age 80 and over.Methods The 104 patients over 80 years old with pulmonary infection were analyzed retrospectively,statistical analysis of the main clinical manifestations,associated diseases and pathogens.Results Aspiration pneumonia (AP)in 77 cases (74%),Chronic respiratory disease accounted for only 26%,mostly associated with serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,cognitive disorder,Chronic gastrointestinal diseases(Gastritis,reflux esophagitis,gastrointestinal dysfunction,constipation),long-term bed,Can not take care of themselves.Sputum bacterial cultures isolated from 66 (63.5%)strains,Gram positive cocci were 18 strains (27.3%),Gram negative bacilli were 38 strains (57.6%),Fungal strains were 15 strains (22.7%).Conclusion In the elderly over the age of 80,pulmonary infection mostly occured by Aspiration pneumonia.We should strengthen the awareness of Aspiration pneumonia,especially accompanied by cough,chronic gastric disease.Take reasonable application of antibiotics according to the pathogen test results.

[Objective] To observe the effect of acupoint sticking at“Zusanli”(ST36) with magnolia powder on patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and gastrointestinal dysfunction. [Method] A total of 78 patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) and gastrointestinal dysfunction were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group(n=40) and control group(n=38). Al patients received conventional therapy for AECOPD and tablet mosapride 5mg tid for 3 days. Patients in treatment group also received acupoint sticking at“Zu-sanli”(ST36) with magnolia powder q8h for 3 days. [Result]The total effective rate was 75.0%for treatment group,and 44.7%for control group. The total effective rate of treatment group was higher than that of control group, and no marked side effects were found. [Conclusion] Acupoint sticking at“Zusan-li”(ST36) with magnolia powder combined with mosapride can relieve gastrointestinal dysfunction of patients with AECOPD.

The purpose of this study was to observe whether HBV can infect HSC in vitro. LX-2 cells, the human activated HSC cell line, were incubated with human serum containing HBVDNA at final concen-trations from 0.01 to 10 copies/cell and harvested after 24,48 and 72 hours. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B core antigen(HBcAg) were detected by lmmunohistochemistry dyed by DAB. By Immunohistochemistry, no positive particles in LX-2 cells, a few of dark brown particles (HBsAg and HB-cAg) were found in cytoplasm and nucleoli of HepG2.2. 15 cells,a lot of clark brown particles were found in liver biopsies of patients with chronic hepatitis B. In vitro, there was no evidence that HBV can infect and express antigens in LX-2 cells.

To review the research of block copolymer micelles as delivery system for poorly soluble(antineoplastic) carrier over the last 10 years,including the composition,preparation methods and factors which influence the loading efficiency,physicochemical properties,and targeting characteristics of block copolymer micelles.Block copolymer micelles are self-assembled structures formed from amphiphilic block copolymers by dispersing in aqueous media.The hydrophilic blocks of the copolymer form the outer shell of the micelle,while the hydrophobic blocks form the inner core,and the proper coreshell micellar architecture was constituted.Block copolymer micelles have a whole set of unique properties,such as small sizes,narrow particle size distribution,high drug loading capacities,and available disposition characteristics in the body.Block copolymer micelles have been found as promising drug carriers due to making poorly soluble antineoplastic lysis,toxicities and side effects decrease,bioavailability increase,and targeting the drugs to specific sites in a passive way or attaching ligands in an active way,which can be specifically(recognized) by receptors onto the surface of copolymers.

Objective To assess myocardial contractility in essential hypertention(EH) of different remoldings by means of circumferential midwall fractional shortening (mFs), relation between mFs and circumferential end-systolic stress(mFs-cEss). Methods The eject fraction(EF), circumferential end-systolic stress(cEss), fractional shortening(Fs), mFs was calculated in 115 EH patients and 29 normal controls. Relations in mFs-cEss, Fs-cEss between the subjects were analysed with linear correlation and linear regression. Results In using EF,Fs,Fs-cEss to assess chamber function of the patients with hypertension of four left ventricular remoldings, it shows apart from eccentric hypertrophy, the rest three remoldings were overestimative. MFs assessing myocardial contractility in four remoldings was lower than that of the controls, especially obvious in concentric hypertrophy patients(P

OBJECTIVE:To establish capillary GC method for the determination of residual organic solvents in artesunate,such as methanol and ethyl acetate.METHODS:Capillary GC was adopted and the temperature of flame ionization detector was 250℃.RESULTS:The linear range were 0.03～0.605 mg?mL-1 for methanol(r=0.999 8) and 0.05～1.002 mg?mL-1 for ethyl acetate(r=0.999 7).The average recovery rates were 98.7% for methanol(RSD=3.0%) and 99.1% for ethyl acetate(RSD=2.1%).Only the ethyl acetate was detected in samples.CONCLUSION:Established method is simple and accurate for the content determination of residual organic solvents in artesunate.

To verify the role of introvascular ultrasound(IVUS) in diagnosis of atherosclerosis. MethodsINUS wasused to measure the position, quality and the thickness of the plaque in the elastic artery and biopsy materials. After using HE andHart stains, a micrometer was used to measuse the thickness of plaques and arterious walls. And electron microscopy was used to ob serve the pathological changs of the plaque. ResultsBy histological observation compared with IVUS, the conformable rate of plaque anmounted to 94%. The plaque could be seen in 12 sites of control group. Among 33 sites, 32 plaques were found pathologic exmination while IVUS showed 30 plaques in the experimental group. The two methods had a gcod correlation on the thick measurement of plaque and the media( r = 0.835, P＜0.05 and r = 0.814, P＜ 0.05). But they had a poor correlation on the measurement of the intirna( r = 0.055). ConclusionsBy pathological examination and the quantitative analysis, IVUS can obtain the common purpose in diagnosing atherosclerosis and measuring the media thickness. But it can not be used in measurement of the intima.

Objective To probe the safety of performing transradial artery percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for Allen test negative patients.Methods One hundred and six patients performed transradial artery PCI were enrolled in the study.The patients were divided into negative group (57 cases) and positive group (49 cases) according to Allen test results.Patients were performed ulnar artery angiography,deep palmar arch angiography and superficial palmar arch angiography.Ulnar artery diameter,deep palmar arch conditions,superficial palmar arch conditions,the frames counting through angiography on the side of ulnar vessel system,and hand ischemia after PCI (follow up for 3 months) was observed.Results There was no significant difference between negative group and positive group in parameters of ulnar artery diameter [(2.02 ±0.18) mm vs.(2.07 ±0.17) mm] and deep palmar arch and superficial palmar arch [85.96％ (49/57) vs.87.76％ (43/49),75.44％ (43/57) vs.81.63％ (40/49)] (P ＞0.05).The frames counting had no significant difference between negative group and positive group [(218.6 ± 63.6) frames vs.(180.8 ± 44.1) frames],but the ratio of the frames counting ≥380 frames had significant difference between negative group and positive group [14.04％(8/57) vs.2.04％(1/49)] (P ＜ 0.05).None of patients had been found to suffer from hand ischemia after PCI.Conclusion Transradial artery PCI is suitable for Allen test negative patients.

Objective To choose a best cultivar by comparing the content of total flavonoid and naringin between different cultivars of Citrus grandis 'tomentosa'.Methods The content of total flavonoids was determined by spetral photometric analysis.The content of naringin was determined by HPLC.Results The content of total flavonoid was 19.24 % and 18.06 %,and naringin content was 11.72 % and 12.38 % in the cultivars from Dachaling and Fengwei respectively,which were much higher than the other cultivars.Conclusion The contents of total flavonoid and naringin were different in different cultivars of Citrus grandis 'tomentosa'.The cultivars of Citrus grandis 'tomentosa' from Dachaling and Fengwei have the best quality.

The poor chemical stability and solubility, easy volatile and other shortcomings of TCM volatile oils can be improved after they are included by cyclodextrin. Therefore, cyclodextrin inclusion technology is widely used in the preparation process of volatile oil. This article reviewed the domain of cyclodextrin inclusion of volatile oils, the types of cyclodextrin, inclusion technologies, characterization for inclusion, components changes before and after inclusion, and dissolution characteristics of cyclodextrin inclusion.