Urinary tract infection is one of the common infectious diseases in pediatrics.Early recognition and treatment can effectively prevent the formation of renal scarring,which has important significance for the long-term prognosis of kidney.This paper summarizes the literature on children's urinary tract infections in recent years,and describes the status of domestic research on clinical manifestation,laboratory examination,diagnostic criteria and treatment,in order to provide reference and basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections in children.

Objective To summarize the clinical and pathogenic characteristics of urinary tract infection(UTI)in infants,and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods One hundred and eighty-eight cases of hospitalized infants with UTI diagnosis standard in Department of Pediatric Renal Rheumatism Immunology,Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from January 2012 to January 2015 were collected,and on the basis of the imaging they were divided into complex group(complicated UTIs) and non-complex group(non-complicated UTIs),the differences between 2 groups in the general condition,clinical manifestations,serological examination,urine culture and distribution of pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity results were analyzed.Results Among 188 UTI infants,148 were male and 40 were female,50 cases were in complex group (26.6％),and 138 cases were in non-complex group (73.4％).In complex group,the prevalence of prenatal ultrasound abnormalities (34.0％),the incidence of recurrent infections(24.0％),the number of fever incidence(78.0％),and peripheral WBC count [(16.4 ± 4.3) × 109/L] were higher than those in non-complex group[1.5％,10.9％,58.7％,(14.6 ± 3.5) × 109/L] (all P ＜ 0.05),and the naked eye hematuria incidence was lower than that of the non-complex group (14.0％ vs 34.8％,P =0.006).In complex group,pneumonia klebsiella bacteria positive rate was higher than that of non-complex group (22.0％ vs 2.9％,P =0.000),and the positive rate of Escherichia coli was lower than that of non-complex group(26.0％ vs 46.4％,P =0.000).There was no difference in the drug sensitivity and resistance of the pathogenic bacteria in the urine culture of 2 groups.Conclusions For fever,increased peripheral WBC,repeated infection and urine culture for Klebsiella pneumoniae UTI infants,in particular,should be alert to the prese-nce of urinary tract abnormalities,timely improve the urinary system ultrasound and urinary tract contrast is very necessary.

Objective To explore the effect of Yi Xuesheng Jiaonang combined with Iron Sucrose Injection on anemia in pregnancy on serum transferrin receptor and pregnancy outcome.Methods 78 patients with anemia in pregnancy form December 2014 to December 2015 of the third people’s Hospital of Cixi were collected and randomly divided into control group and treatment group,each had 39 cases.Control group was given 200 mg Iron Sucrose Injection with 100 mL 0.9%sodium chloride injection intravenous infusion,2 times a week; experiment group were treated on the base of control group with 4 pills of Yi Xuesheng Jiaonang,3 times daily.The course was 28d,and two groups all with a course treatment.After the end of treatment,clinical curative effect,serum transferrin receptor level,liver and renal function and the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome were observed and compared. Results Serum transferrin receptor levels were increased in two groups after treatment (P<0.05),compared with control group,serum transferrin receptor level of treatment group was even higher (P<0.05), alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),serum creatinine (Cr) and urea nitrogen ( BUN) and other indicators of liver and kidney function of experiment group had no statistical significance.Adverse pregnancy outcome rate betwen two groups was not statistically significant.Conclusion Yi Xuesheng Jiaonang combined with Sucrose Iron Injection therapy for patients with anemia of pregnancy can significantly increased serum transferrin receptor levels,has higher safety and low adverse pregnancy outcomes rate.

Purpose To study the expression of ERG in various vascular tumors, and to explore the value of ERG in the diagnosis of vascular tumor. Methods Immunohistochemical EnVision method was used to detect the expression of ERG and CD31 in 30 cases of vascular tumor and 20 cases of non-vascular tumor. Results All vascular tumors diffusely expressed ERG and CD31. Expression of ERG was unrelated to tumor histologic type and benign or malignant. Expression of ERG was consistent with CD31. Of 20 non-vascular tumors, all except for one cases of epithelial sarcoma did not express ERG. The sensitivity and specificity of ERG in the diagnosis of vascular tumor were 100% and 96. 7%. Conclusion ERG is a high sensitive and specific marker for vascular-derived tumor. The combinated detection of ERG and CD31 may useful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of vascular tumor.

Objective To explore the clinical features,related diseases,,etiology of inhalation pneumonia and premonition of lung infection in patients age 80 and over.Methods The 104 patients over 80 years old with pulmonary infection were analyzed retrospectively,statistical analysis of the main clinical manifestations,associated diseases and pathogens.Results Aspiration pneumonia (AP)in 77 cases (74%),Chronic respiratory disease accounted for only 26%,mostly associated with serious cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,cognitive disorder,Chronic gastrointestinal diseases(Gastritis,reflux esophagitis,gastrointestinal dysfunction,constipation),long-term bed,Can not take care of themselves.Sputum bacterial cultures isolated from 66 (63.5%)strains,Gram positive cocci were 18 strains (27.3%),Gram negative bacilli were 38 strains (57.6%),Fungal strains were 15 strains (22.7%).Conclusion In the elderly over the age of 80,pulmonary infection mostly occured by Aspiration pneumonia.We should strengthen the awareness of Aspiration pneumonia,especially accompanied by cough,chronic gastric disease.Take reasonable application of antibiotics according to the pathogen test results.

At the end of last century,the snlall-molecule selective kinase inhibitor,imatinib mesylate (IM),Was successfully exploited.This resulted in a revolutionary step in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML).However,along with the expansion of its clinical application and the process,drug resistance Was commonly observed in patients, especially during accelerated or blast phases, and has become a significant therapeutic problem in clinical application.The problem has prompted the appearance of novel small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors,and its development is reviewed.

Objective To introduce a simple and easy method for cell apoptosis analysis as an example with artemisinin to induce apoptosis of human U251 cells. Methods Human U251 cells,cultured in suspension and treated with artemisinin,were freeze-thawed. 30 ?L of 3 mmol/L PI was then added and mixed. After being placed under room temperature for 5 min,the cellular ploidy was analyzed by flow cytometry,and the ratio of cell apoptosis was calculated. Results The ratio of human U251 cell apoptosis induced by artemisinin at a dose of 1?10-4,1?10-5 and 1?10-6mol/L was 33.2%,24.0% and 8.0%,respectively. Conclusion The results showed that artemisinin significantly induced the apoptosis of human U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Using this method to analyze cell apoptosis can reduce the procedure of cell treatment and avoid many influential factors. Therefore,it can be regarded as a simple,accurate and rapid method for detecting cell apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from Japanese Artactylodes Rhizome on myocardial ischemical reperfusion injury in rats and its possible mechanism. METHODS:50 Wistar rats were divided randomly into 5 groups:sham group, model group, medicine (ethyl acetate extract from Japanese Artactylodes Rhizome at dosage of 200mg?kg-1 and 400mg?kg-1,respectively) group and verapamil(positive medicine) group. Rats in medicine group, model group and positive group were subjected to myocardial ischemia for 40min followed by reperfusion for 30 min, then muscular tissues were sampled for the determination of the activity of GSH-Px, the content of mitochondrial calcium (Mit-Ca2+),and the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase in myocardium. RESULTS:As compared with model group, in the group treated with ethyl acetate extract from Japanese Artactylodes Rhizome 30min after reperfusion, the activity of GSH-Px was significantly higher,the content of myocardial mitochondrial calcium was significantly lower,and the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Mg2+-ATPase were significantly higher.CONCLUSION:The protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from Japanese Artactylodes Rhizome on myocardial ischemical reperfusion injury might be achieved through enhancing the activity of myocardial GSH-Px, lowering the content of myocardial mitochondrial calcium and enhancing the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase of cellular membranes.

OBJECTIVE:To study the protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from Oenanthe stolonifera against myocardial ischemia and ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.METHODS:Acute myocardial ischemia and ischemical reperfusion injury models were prepared by suture-occluded method.5 min before the onset of ischemia,the rats were injected with ethyl acetate extract from O.stolonifera,then the dynamic ECG change of rats was observed,and the arrhythmia caused by myocardial ischemia and the myocardial infraction size,the arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion,the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)in plasma were determined.RESULTS:Ethyl acetate extract from O.stolonifera significantly inhibited myocardial ischemia-induced arrhythmia and decreased the myocardial infarction size,significantly inhibited arrhythmia induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion,enhanced SOD activity and decreased the content of MDA in plasma.CONCLUSION:The protective effect of ethyl acetate extract from O.stolonifera against myocardial ischemia and ischemical reperfusion injury in rats is possibly associated to its anti-peroxidation effect.

Objective To evaluate the effects of total glucosides of paeony (TCP) on cell proliferation of and expression of VECF and IL-23 in human HaCaT keratinocytes and their potential mechanisms. Methods MTT assay was performed to detect the cell proliferation of HaCaT cells incubated with various concentrations (0.5 to 312.5 mg/L) of TGP. HaCaT cells were classified into 8 groups, control group without any treatment, TGP groups treated with 6 different concentrations of TGP, SB203580 group treated with TGP of 125 mg/L after 2-hour pretreatment with SB203580 of 10 μmol/L After additional culture, reverse transcription (RT)- PCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted to determine the expression levels of VEGF and IL-23 mRNA and protein, Western blot to test the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in these cells. Results The proliferation of HaCaT cells was promoted by TGP of low concentrations (0.5 and 2.5 mg/L), but inhibited by TGP of equal to or more than 12.5 mg/L, and peaked at the concentration of 125 mg/L. TGP of 0.5 and 2.5 mg/L enhanced the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF and IL-23, while TGP of 12.5 to 125 mg/L suppressed the expression of VEGF mRNA and protein, and TGP of 62.5 to 125 mg/L downregulated the expression of IL-23 mRNA and protein. The phosphorylation of p38 protein kinase in HaCaT cells was induced by TGP of 125 mg/L in a time-dependant manner. Concretely, the level of phosphorylated p38 kinase in HaCaT cells was 0.3314 ± 0.0245 (peak) at 5 minutes, decreased to 0.2173 ± 0.0189 at 10 minutes (still statistically higher than untreated HaCaT cells) and 0.1664 ± 0.0201 at 30 minutes after treatment with TGP of 125 mg/L. SB203580 attenuated the effect of TGP on p38 phosphorylation, and the level of phosphorylated p38 kinase was 0.1529 ±0.0147 in HaCaT cells pretreated with SB203580 prior to the treatment with TGP. Conclusion TGP can inhibit the cell proliferation of and expressions of VEGF and IL-23 mRNA and protein in HaCaT cells, likely mediated by the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.