Objective To study the relationship of lung function and the diaphragmatic nerve electrophysiological changes in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods The phrenic nerve motor conduction(PNC),diaphragmatic motor evoked potentials(dMEP)and diaphragmatic compound muscle action potentials(dCMAP)were detected in 50 COPD patients and 50 healthy controls aged 60 years and over,respectively. Results (1)The lung function of elderly COPD patients were significantly less than that of control group(P0.05),the lower amplitude of dCMAP than the control(P

The present investigation was performed in fifteen adult rats using four fluorescent tracers, including 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindol. 2 HC1 (DAPI), nuclear yellow (NY), propidium iodide (PI), and fast blue (FB), which were divided into four sets: PI-DAPI, PI-NY, DAPI-NY, and FB-NY. In each set two fluorescent tracers were used separately to label gastric corpus and pylorus antrum. In the medulla oblongata, the labelled cells in the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (DmnX) were observed in every animal, but those in the nucleus ambiguus (nA) were only seen. in 11 cases and in the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTs) in 5 cases. In addition, labelled cells were also found in laminae V of the posterior grey columns of the thoracic (T6-9) spinal cords, spinal ganglia and sympathetic trunks. The results of counting and analysing the labelled cells of DmnX of both sides of 75 sections in four cases are as follows: 1233 cells on the left, including 1143 labelled cells of gastric corpus (92.7%), 63 labelled cells of pylorus antrum (5.1%), 27 double labelled cells (2.2%); 1007 cells on the right, including 930 labelled cells of gastric corpus (92.3%), 41 labelled cells of pylorus antrum (4.1%), and 36 double labelled cells (3.7%). The results indicate that PI is not fitted for 'long distance labelling in peripheral nervous system; the density of vagus innervation of gastric corpus is larger than that of pylorus antrum; a part of the nerve endings of vagus postganglionic neurons are distributed both in gastric corpus and in pylorus antrum; a part of postganglionic neurons of sympathetic fibres are located at the sympathetic trunk.

BACKGROUND: The morbidity of diabetes mellitus increased recently.There are few reports about the pulmonary function status of the patients with diabetes mellitus.OBJECTIVE: To comparably observe the difference of the pulmonary function status between patients with diabetes mellitus and normal persons,and to probe into the relationship between the course of disease of diabetes mellitus and the functional change of pulmonary function.DESIGN: Case controlled observation SETTING: Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University PARTICIPANTS: Totally 90 patients with diabetes mellitus hospitalized in the Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University between January 2000 and De cember 2003 were recruited. All the patients participated in the experiment voluntarily. Totally 20 cases were of insulin dependent diabetes mellitns (IDDM) and 70 cases were of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Another 90 cases were divided into 2 groups with the boundary line of 10 years: group with disease course ＜10 years (n=40) and group with disease course ＞10 years (n=50). And 30 normal persons with healthy pulmonary function was set as healthy control group, all the testees were voluntary participants in the experiment.METHODS: Pulmonary function index of the participants of each group was measured: vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1%), peak expiratory flow rate(PEFR)maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) and comparison was performed between them.Comparison of the pulmonary function status of the patients between different levels of diabetes mellitus.pulmonary function between different groups : Compared with health control group, VC , FVC and MVV of the patients with diabetes mellitus was significantly decreased (t=1.999-2.301, P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the VC, FVC and MVV between patients with monary function between patients with different diabetes mellitus: the pulmonary function status in the group with disease course ＞10 years was improved less than that in the group with disease course ＜10 years [ VC (L):2.62±0.65 vs 3.25±1.25;FVC(L): 2.40±0.52 vs 3.21±0.98;FEV1%:75.31±2.31 vs 80.63±5.56;PEFR (L/s):4.33±0.68 vs 5.98±1.02;MVV (L/s): 76.22±6.98 vs 89.21±5.69 (t=2.012-2.350, P ＜ 0.05)].CONCLUSION: Pulmonary function of the patients with diabetes mellitus has reduced tendency compared with the normal persons, and the pulmonary function of the patients with long course of disease decreases significantly. More attention should be paid to diabetes patients' pulmonary function changes.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of antiviral agents in treating of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS). METHODS Based on the particular data (including medical history,examiuations and treatments) of 1702 patients of with SARS which were offered by the Health Bureau of Guangdong Province,the inpact factors of death and the course of diseases of SARS were retrospectively analyzed with unifactorial and multifactors statistic analysis methods. RESULTS It did not show any signs that the death rate could be decreased by the six antiviral agents in common use,but vidarabine could help to shorten the course of disease(OR=1.399,P=0.025),while oseltamivir might be prolonged the course of disease(OR=0.708,P=0.000). CONCLUSIONS The data showed that the effect of the six antiviral agents for curing SARS is limited,and a new antiviral treatment for SARS should be explored further.

BACKGROUND:With the development and improvement of liver transplantation technology, patients waiting for or undergoing liver transplantation have continued to increase in number. Due to their fears and concerns about post-transplantation rehabilitation, patients are under physical and mental stress, most of whom are shown to have a variety of mental disorders that affect rehabilitation. At present, mental problems of liver transplant patients are more concentrated in post-transplantation research, while patients waiting for liver transplantation do not get enough mental assessment and intervention.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the suitable mode of cognitive-behavioral therapy for liver transplant recipients waiting for donor liver and to evaluate the effect to improve patient’s physical and mental state.
METHODS:Twelve liver transplant patients who underwent pre-transplantation assessment were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, each group with six cases. The control group received conventional treatment. The experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy in addition to conventional treatment. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and vital signs were measured in the two groups on admission, 1 week and 3 weeks after admission.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The SAS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 1 and 3 weeks after admission, and SAS score decreased as the intervention extended. The systolic blood pressure of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 3 weeks after admission, but there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure between two groups. The heart rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 1 and 3 weeks after admission. The respiratory rate of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group at 3 weeks after admission. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce the level of anxiety and keep vital signs stable with good feasibility and effectiveness in patients waiting for liver transplantation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of UGT2B7 A268G and UGT2B7 G211T genetic polymorphism on serum drug concentration of valproic acid (VPA).
Methods:Genetic polymorphisms of UGT2B7 A268G and UGT2B7 G211T were tested in 248 epileptic patients by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Data including basic information, epilepsy type, times and doses of drug, treatment response and liver and kidney functions were collected. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 13.0 through multivariate linear regression, one-way ANOVA,χ2 test, and paired T-test.
Results:Based on multivariate linear regression, there was no significant difference between gender, age, or body mass index and VPA, but concentration-to-dose ratios (CDRs) were positively correlated with VPA. hTe genetic polymorphisms of UGT2B7 A268G and UGT2B7 G211T were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. UGT2B7-268A>G allele frequency distribution A was 30.05%, and G was 69.95%. Variance analysis showed that serum drug concentration was significantly different in the genotype of AA, AG, or GG (F=5.477, P=0.005). Further analysis of paired T test showed that AA type was significantly different from GG type (P=0.048), and that serum concentration of AA type was much higher than that of GG type, while no signiifcant difference between AA type and AG type, GG type and AG type. UGT2B7 G211T allele frequency distribution G was 77.24%, and T was 22.58%. hTere was no signiifcant difference in standardized serum concentration among genotypes of GG, GT, and TT.
Conclusion:hTis study reveals UGT2B7 A268G genetic polymorphism distribution in Chinese epilepsy population. UGT2B7 A268G plays an important role in VPA’s metabolism, and has certain effect on VPA’s serum concentration. Epilepsy patient with this genotype should be adjusted the dose of VPA to make a therapeutic effect.

Objective To investigate the epidemic of severe acute respiratory symdrome(SARS) in Beijing blood donors and make guidance for assuring blood safety during SARS epidemic.Methods Using SARSCoV Ab ELISA Kits, specimens from 2357 donors from Beijing during SARS epidemic phase,1079 preserved samples from Beijing donors collected well before the SARS epidemic,1183 donors from Shandong and Hunan provinces where no SARS had been reported were screed for IgG,IgM,and total antibodies against SARS coronavirus.Donors with reactive samples were followed up,RT PCR were performed to detect the SARS CoV RNA.Results There was no significant difference between the 3 groups of specimens and there was no SARS epidemic or subclinical SARS infections among Beijing blood donors.Conclusion Instead of blood SARS CoV Ab screening, we should focus on the donors inquiry,physical examination and education to prevent SARS transmission by transfusion.

Objective:To summarize the prenatal diagnosis features, classification and pregnancy outcome of anomalous origin of one pulmonary artery branch from the aorta (AOPA).Methods:This study involved 14 cases who were prenatally diagnosed with AOPA in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center between June 2016 and August 2022. Prenatal and postnatal echocardiographic features, postpartum diagnosis, surgical treatment and pregnancy outcome in these cases were summarized and analyzed by descriptive analysis.Results:Out of the 14 fetuses, there were seven fetuses with proximal-type AOPA (including three isolated AOPA, three Berry syndrome and one with interruption of the aortic arch, aorticopulmonary septal defect and ventricular septal defect) and another seven with isolated distal-type of AOPA. Among the seven cases of proximal-type AOPA, two were terminated and five were born alive. The postpartum diagnosis was consistent with the prenatal diagnosis in the five babies who later underwent surgical treatment with good outcomes. Among the seven cases of distal-type AOPA, one was terminated; two were initially diagnosed as AOPA in the neonatal period but then as unilateral absence of pulmonary artery (UAPA) due to tapering or closure of the ductus arteriosus during follow-up; the other four were confirmed with UAPA after delivery. All of the six neonates underwent surgical treatment with good outcomes.Conclusions:Prenatal diagnosis and classification of AOPA should be as accurate as possible. It is recommended that the distal-type of AOPA could be diagnosed as UAPA after delivery and treated according to UAPA. Both kinds of patients should be treated with surgery timely after delivery to ensure a good prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Shexiang Baoxin pill (SBP) on the vascular endothelial function in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) complicated with angina pectoris.

METHODSTwo weeks after runin, according to the randomizing table, 111 patients were divided into two groups, the XBP group (56 patients) and the control group (55 patients, treated with delayed-released isosorbide mononitrate, DRIM), they were treated for 6 months. In the treatment period, the episodes of angina attack and condition of rescue medication were recorded in the daily card, and brachial arterial changes of endothelium-dependent relaxing function before and after treatment were measured by B-ultrasonography.

RESULTSComparison between the two groups in episodes of angina attack and rescue medication were insignificantly different. In the control group, the basal value of brachial arterial inner diameter before and after treatment was 3.68 +/- 0.56 mm and 3.70 +/- 0.58 mm respectively, those before and after responsive congestion was 5.44 +/- 0.81% vs 5.68 +/- 0.83%, and those before and after taking nitroglycerin was 19.8 +/- 4.9% vs 20. +/- 5.2%, all showed insignificant difference (P > 0.05). In the SBP group, the corresponding basal value was 3.73 +/- 0.62 mm vs 3.71 +/- 0.59 mm, and those after taking nitroglycerin 18.8 +/- 4.5 % vs 19.2 +/- 5.8%, also showed insignificant difference, but those before and after responsive congestion (5.69 +/- 0.79 % vs 9.56 +/- 3.82 %) did show significant difference (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONXBP could improve the vascular endothelial function in patients with DM2 complicated with angina pectoris.

Aged ; Angina Pectoris ; complications ; drug therapy ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; drug therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy

Objective The objective of this study is to investigate whether there is a correlation between a high TyG index(serum triglyceride glucose index)and higher mortality rates among patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis(PD).Methods This study utilized a single-center retrospective cohort as the basis for its methods..From January 1,2007 to December 31,2015,a total of 519 PD patients kept under observation until December 31,2018.There searchers employed the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modelsto examine the cor-relation between TyG index levels and mortality.Results Over a period of 40.5 months,104(20.0%)individuals with Parkinson's disease passed away,with 55(52.9%)of these deaths attributed to cardiovascular disease(CVD).The serum median TyG index at baseline was 8.44(6.48,11.94).Through Cox regression analysis subject to the adjustments of such parameters as gender,age,body mass index(BMI),presence of cardiovascular disease,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,hemoglobin,serum albumin,serum Ferritin,total cholesterol,renal residual function(RRF),An increased risk of all-cause mortality(HR = 2.22,95%CI:1.43～3.44,P＜0.001)and CVD mortality(HR = 2.50,95%CI:1.34～4.65,P = 0.004)was observed with a higher baseline TyG index(8.44).A comparable impact was observed in the correlation between the average TyG index over time(TA-TyG index)and both all-cause mortality and CVD mortality.(HR = 1.90,95%CI:1.25～2.90,P = 0.003;HR = 2.05,95%CI:1.14～3.70,P = 0.017,respectively).Conclusion PD patients with a higher serum TyG index have a greater risk of all-cause mortality and mortality related to cardiovascular disease.