Glaucoma is an irreversible blinding disease.The aim of glaucoma therapy is to lower the intraocular pressure (IOP),and then slow down glaucoma progression.Currently,this goal can be achieved by medication,laser treatment and surgery.Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) involves using a 532 nm wave length Nd:YAG laser selectively target cells of the trabecular meshwork without causing thermal or collateral damage to the surroundings structures.The exact mechanism by which SLT lowers IOP remains unknown.It has become gradually one of the most preferred methods for the treatment of open angle glaucoma.SLT seems to have a similar IOP lowering effect with argon trabeculoplasty or monotherapy of topical prostaglandin medication.Mean IOP reduction after SLT was 3.8-8.0 mmHg in 6 months to 1 year.The long-term effect of SLT in the treatment of open angle glaucoma remains to be further studied.The relationship between the range of SLT treatment and its therapeutic effect has not been recognized.SLT is efficacious and safe,also has repeatable and less adverse effects.It can be used as an efficacious primary,adjunctive and replacement therapy for treating open angle glaucoma.In this paper,we reviewed the effects of SLT as an initial and repeat treatment,also the factors that could affect therapeutic effects.

AIM: To develop a combinative LC/MS for the identification of multi-component in Danshen Dro-(pping) Pills(Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizale,Radix et Rhizoma Notoginseng,Borneolum Syntheticum,etc.). METHODS: Separation was performed on a Phenomenex Luna C_(18) reverse-phase column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phase consisted of water containing 0.2% formic acid and acetonitrile was used as gradient elute.The flow rate was 1 mL/min.A combination of time-of-flight mass spectrometer(TOF-MS) and ion trap tandem mass spectrometer(Trap-MS~n) was applied for qualitative analysis under negative ion mode. RESULTS: Under optimized LC/MS condition,the molecular formulae of 14 components were screened by TOF-MS and 13 of them were then identified by Trap-MS~n.All of the components were surveyed and classified according to their medicinal materials derivation. CONCLUSION: The established combinative LC/MS method can thus be considered as an effective and credible pattern for the analysis of Chinese multi-herb remedy,as well as other complex systems.

AIM: To develop a method of the HPLC/UV/MS/MS fingerprints of Qingkailing Injection(Radix Isatidis,Fructus Gardeniae,Flos Lonicerae Japonicae,etc.) and provide a novel conception for its quality control. METHODS: Separation was performed on Phenomenex Luna C_(18) analytical column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m).The mobile phases consisted of water containing 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile was used as gradient elute.The flow rate was 1 mL/min.An Electrospray Ion Trap mass spectrometer was utilized for qualitative analysis and both positive and negative secondary ion scan mode were applied. RESULTS: Perfect fingerprints with excellent separation and reproducibility were obtained and 13 compounds were identified.Especially three isomers,including Neochlorogenic acid,Chlorogenic acid and Isochlorogenic acid,were differentiated successfully. CONCLUSION: The method is suitable for establishing the HPLC/MS/MS fingerprints of Qingkailing Injection and hence could be used as an effective and credible pattern for analyzing traditional Chinese medicine as well as its quality control.Moreover,based on this approch,further traditional Chinese medicine research can be performed.

Background Toric intraocular lens (Toric IOL) is a well accepted method of correct of corneal astigmatism.Axial misalignment,including the error of intraocular lens alignment during surgery and rotation of Toric IOL,is the main barrier to the precise alignment of Toric intraocular lenses.Therefore,the angle of axial misalignment is a main index to evaluate the effectiveness of Toric IOL implantation.Objective The present study is to describe a method of precisely detecting Toric IOL misalignment using postoperative digital photograph.Methods A measuring template (polar coordinates) was constructed using Adobe Photoshop software.Minimum graduate to detect the Toric axis was 1° (maximum error 0.5°).The clinical data of 24 eyes undergone Toric IOL implantation was retrospectively analyzed.Corneal astigmatism was detected by rotating Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam) or slit scan (Orbscan).Digital retro illumination picture was photographed after mydriasis.The picture was analyzed by our derived template.The steepest corneal axis and the axis of Toric IOL were then determined.The misalignment of Toric IOL was determined as the angle between the steepest corneal axis and the axis of Toric IOL.Misalignment of Toric IOL and its distribution were analyzed by statistical means.Results A method using polar coordinates and digital photo to precisely detect Toric IOL misalignment was derived.Mean Toric IOL misalignment was 10.93±6.90 degrees (0-24 degrees) in the 24 cases.The axial misalignment in all of cases were within 25 degrees,including clockwise in 14 eyes(58.33%),anticlockwise in 10 eyes (41.67%).In this study,the misalignment angle of 4 eyes were within 5 degrees;11 eyes were 5 to 10 degrees;1 eye was 10 to 15 degrees;6 eyes were 15 to 20 degrees;2 eyes were 20 to 25 degrees.Conclusion The method is feasible to the direction of Toric IOL misalignment in clinic.

This paper introduces the working flow of the installation and the check & acceptance of the medical equipment.The maior working flow includes the following item.(1)the time of accepting contract.(2)Auditing contract.(3)confirming the arrival time of the equipment.(4)preparing fabricating yard for the equipment installation.(5)the actual time of the equipment arriving.(6)unpacking and inspecting.(7)checking accessories of the equipment.(81collecting the manual of the equipment.(9)the procedure information of the importing equipment.(10)checking the eligibility of the equipment.(11)the operation and the training of the maintenance.(12)the measuring and auditing of the equipment.(13)the maintenance of equipment time.The working flow contributes a lot to our equipment checking & acceptance.In this article,we summarize the experience of the checking &acceptance of the medical equipment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectivity of continuous positive airway pressure in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with left heart failure.Methods Totally 103 patients (aged 63-78 years) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with left heart failure were randomly divided into two groups:treatment group (received noninvasive ventilation combined with routine medication) and control group (received conventional drug therapy).The patients of two groups were observed in the treatment of 1 hour to one week that blood pressure (SBP),heart rate (HR),arterial blood gas analysis,respiratory rate (RR),brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and other indicators to improve the situation.Results After treatment,the PaO2 level of patients in treatment group was significantly increased from (56.1 ± 7.8) mm Hg to (91.1 ±11.3)mm Hg,(t=449.94,P＜0.05),PaCO2 decreased from (60.1± 10.9) mm Hg to (42.3± 9.3)mm Hg,(t=4.66,P＜0.05),pH value was improved from (7.26±0.12) to (7.36±0.17) (t=5.88,P＜0.05) and BNP was decreased from (350±181) ng/L to (961±376) ng/L (t=8.07,P＜0.05).In control group,the PaO2 was significantly increased from (55.0±8.1) mm Hg to (89.1±12.0) mm Hg (t=43.17,P＜0.05) after treatment,PaCO2 by decreased from (48.9±10.8) mm Hg,(58.9±10.8) mm Hg to (t=5.13,P＜0.05),pH value by up to (7.27 ±0.08),BNP by decreased from (439 ± 246) ng/L to (947 ±407) ng/L t=9.81,P＜0.05.Compared with the control group,the difference of PaO2 and BNP had no significantly significant.PaCO2 in treatment group was increased more sharply than it in the control group,and pH decreased more (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions The use of continuous positive airway pressure to treatment chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with left heart failure can alleviate fatigue and prevent the respiratory failure.It is remarkable treatment effect and worthy of clinical application.

Objective: To construct the extracellular region of PCP-2(PCP-2EC) and the immunoglobin IgG Fc fusi on protein expression vector,and then express and purify the soluble PCP-2EC/Fc fusion protein for the study of its function in neuronal adhesion. Methods: PCP-2 extracellular region was amplified and cloned into an expression vector pIGplus containing human IgG Fc; PCP-2EC/Fc fusion protein was expressed by COS-7 and 293 cells transfected by the constructed plasmid and purified by protein A. The purified fusion protein was used as substrate to study its function in neuronal adhesion. Results: PCP2 extracellular region was cloned into IgG Fc expression vector successfully; PCP 2EC/Fc fusion protein was expressed and purified in mammal cells; and the purified fusion protein promoted neuronal adhesion. Conclusion:PCP 2EC/Fc fusion protein expression system is successfully constructed and the purified fusion protein can promote neuronal adhesion. These results lay a foundation for the research on the PCP-2 function in neuronal adhesion and the further functional study in the nervous system and other fields.

Objective: To construct the extracellular region of PCP-2(PCP-2EC) and the immunoglobin IgG Fc fusi on protein expression vector,and then express and purify the soluble PCP-2EC/Fc fusion protein for the study of its function in neuronal adhesion.Methods: PCP-2 extracellular region was amplified and cloned into an expression vector pIGplus containing human IgG Fc; PCP-2EC/Fc fusion protein was expressed by COS-7 and 293 cells transfected by the constructed plasmid and purified by protein A.The purified fusion protein was used as substrate to study its function in neuronal adhesion.Results:PCP-2 extracellular region was cloned into IgG Fc expression vector successfully; PCP-2EC/Fc fusion protein was expressed and purified in mammal cells; and the purified fusion protein promoted neuronal adhesion.Conclusion:PCP-2EC/Fc fusion protein expression system is successfully constructed and the purified fusion protein can promote neuronal adhesion.These results lay a foundation for the research on the PCP-2 function in neuronal adhesion and the further functional study in the nervous system and other fields.

Objective To study the effects of PM2.5 on reproductive hormone levels and pregnancy outcome in female rats.Methods Thirty healthy 4-week old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the control group (normal saline), low dose of PM2.5(1.5 mg/kg) group and high dose of PM2.5 (37.5 mg/kg) group.After the blood samples were collected, the animals were exposed to PM2.5for 10 days, and then the rats were mated.On the 19th day of pregnancy, the rats were sacrificed for pregnancy outcome observation and blood samples were collected for hormone test.The blood hormone levels were detected using an ELISA kit.Results The live fetus rates in the control, low dose PM2.5 and high dose PM2.5 groups were 90.77%, 59.49% and 60.27%, respectively (P<0.05).The live fetus rates in the low dose PM2.5 and high dose PM2.5 groups were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).PM2.5decreased the levels of E2, PROG, CG and LH (P<0.05), compared with that in the control group.Although the blood levels of FSH were not significantly different between the low dose and control groups (P>0.05), the level of FSH in the high dose group was significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusions PM2.5may affect pregnancy outcome through influencing the hormone levels.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of argon plasma coagulation(APC) in treating patients with Barrett's esophagus.Methods Two reviewers independently searched the Cochrane Library(Issue 2,2008),MEDLINE(January 1948 to November 2008),and CNKI(January 1999 to November 2008),respectively.The quality of the included studies was assessed according to the guidance in the Cochrane Handbook of systematic reviews of interventions.Results Six randomized controlled trials involving 253 patients with Barrett's esophagus met the inclusion criteria and were included.One trial reported that the ablation rate of patients in the APC group was significantly higher than that in the endoscopic surveillance group.Followed up one year,the ablation rate in APC group was 63% compared with 15% in the control group(P