ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of early stage Alzheimer's disease(AD)on white matter(WM)integrity using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)and its relationship with cognitive function decline.MethodsDTI was performed in 32 subjects,including 14 early AD patients and 18 elder controls(ON)with a 1.5 T MR scanner. Fractional anisotropy(FA)and mean diffusivity(-D)values were computed and compared for 9 regions of interest(ROI).Eight standard neuropsychological tests were performed and compared between AD and ON to evaluate basic cognitive capacities of AD.Correlation analysis was applied between FA,(-D) values and scores of neuropsychological tests for all subjects.ResultsFA significantly decreased in splenium of the corpus callosum and the posterior parietal-temporal region(S2),and D significantly increased in the splenium in AD patients(P＜0.05).AD patients showed lower scores compared with ON in all neuropsychological tests(P＜0.05).FA of the splenium and S2 positively correlated with several tests scores,while (-D) of multiple ROIs negatively correlated with several tests scores (P＜0.05).ConclusionsIn the early stage of AD,neuropathology has effect not only on cognitive function,but also on white matter structure,and they have strong relationship.AD patients show white matter changes in specific regions,which reflect loss in cortico-cortical connections.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the significance,indication,operation experience and complication of biopsy for middle skull base neoplasms under nasal endoscope.METHODS A total of 48 patients with middle skull base neoplasms underwent biopsy under nasal endoscope with local or general anesthesia.RESULTS Biopsy was successfully done in 95.8%patients.Two patients failed to the procedure because of bleeding.Forty two patients were diagnosed pathologically through the biopsy at the first time,and 4 patients were diagnosed through the biopsy at the second time.The positive rates of the biopsy near and in the lesions were 82.6%and 97.8%respectively. The positive rates were significantly different between those two different biopsy sites(P=0.02).Blood loss was less than 50ml in 85.4%patients.Only one patient had the complication of leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.CONCLUSION Biopsy of middle skull base neoplasms under nasal endoscope can identify the pathological nature of the lesions with minimal invasion and less complication,and it is a reliable method.The pathological positive rate is relative to the sites of the biopsy.Serial biopsies can increase the positive rate.

Objective To explore the indicators change of early renal injury in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its clinical significance.Methods Ninety cases of COPD including 45 cases with stable period of COPD,45 cases with acute exacerbation of COPD who received treatment in Baoshan Branch of Shanghai General Hospital from January 2014 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study.Meanwhile 45 cases of healthy subjects were collected as the control group.According to the extent of hypoxia,the COPD patients were divided into mild subgroups (60mmHg

Objective:To establish the quality control methods for Xinmeng Anshen granule. Methods:TLC was used to identify Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma,Mori Fructus, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen( fried) ,Arachis Hypogaea L. and Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus in the granules. HPLC was used to determine the content of protocatechuic aldehyde in Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma and spinosin in Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. Results:The TLC spots were clear and well-separated without any interference from the nega-tive sample. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 3.972-198.600 μg·ml-1(r=0.999 9) for protocatechuic alde-hyde and 7. 070-226. 240 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for spinosin. The average recovery was 98. 46% (RSD=1. 18%, n=9) for proto-catechuic aldehyde and 98. 20% (RSD=0. 90%, n=9) for spinosin. Conclusion:The established quality control methods are accu-rate, simple, repeatable and specific. It can be well used for the quality control of Xinmeng Anshen granule.

Objective: To study the change of placental corticotropin releasing hormone level in pregnant women entering spontaneous labor at term and preterm or posterm,and to investigate the value of CRH as an indicator of preterm labor. Methods: Subjects( n =200) were recruited to the study at their antenatal visits,and plasma samples were obtained at their routine antental clinic visits from 28 weeks to parturition at 2 weeks intervals.CRH were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results: CRH concentrations rose significantly as pregnancy developed and reached the highest level at delivery. Plasma CRH levels were significantly higher in preterm labor and lower in postterm labor after gestational 28 weeks( P

Objective To study the application of SLINKY technique in MRA of head and neck by comparison of four TOF MRA methods. Methods We obtained images on 21 patients and 5 volunteers with SLINKY on all the 26 cases, MOTSA on 18 cases, single volume on 16 cases, and 2D on 12 cases. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images, unknowing which method the images were. The evaluations included clearness of vessel branches, smoothness of vascular wall, and vascular continuity. Signal-to-noise (SNR), contrast-to-noise (C/Ns), and scan time were measured. Results SLINKY displayed vessel branches better and had better smoothness of vascular wall and vascular continuity than the other three methods(P

Objective To explore the clinical value of mDIXON?Quant sequence in the quantitative evaluation of transfusion dependent patients with liver and pancreas iron deposition. Method Prospective collection of 34 transfusion dependent patients from December 2016 to May 2018 in Tianjin First Central Hospital who had not undergone iron chelation therapy was conducted in this study. According to the volume of blood transfusion,the subjects were divided into small amount of blood transfusion group (23 cases with blood transfusion of 2 000 to 5 000 ml within 3 years) and massive blood transfusion group (11 cases with blood transfusion of greater than 5 000 ml within 3 years). All patients underwent MR examinations using a Philips Ingenia 3.0 T MR scanner with multi?echo 3D?fast field echo (FFE) and 3D mDIXON?Quant protocols. For 3D multi?echo FFE images, the R2*(R2*=1/T2*) of liver and pancreas were calculated voxel by voxel. For mDIXON?Quant images,the dR2*(d R2*=1/dT2*),which was different from the R2*with 3D multi?echo FFE,was calculated within liver and pancreas voxel by voxel. Pearson correlation was performed to investigate the relationship between the R2*value and dR2*value of liver and pancreas in each group,and between the R2*(and dR2*) of liver and pancreas with the volume of blood transfusion. A paired ttest was used to compare the values of R2* and dR2* in the same patient. Results For small amount of blood transfusion group: liver and pancreas R2* and dR2* values were significantly correlated with the correlation coefficients of 0.993 and 0.962 respectively. There was no correlation between the value of liver and pancreas and the amount of blood transfusion (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in R2*and dR2*values in liver and pancreas (P>0.05). For massive blood transfusion group:when T2*was smaller than 1.8 ms, the SNR of T2*maps was lower than that of dT2*maps, and the noise seriously affects the T2*measurements. When T2*was greater than 1.8 ms:liver and pancreas R2*and dR2*values were significantly correlated with the correlation coefficients of 0.991 and 0.989 respectively. Liver R2* and dR2* value were correlated with the volume of blood transfusion with the correlation coefficients of 0.527 and 0.639 respectively. Pancreas R2* and dR2* value were correlated with the volume of blood transfusion with the correlation coefficients of 0.590 and 0.602 respectively. There was statistical difference in R2*value of liver and dR2*value in paired t test (P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in R2*value of pancreas and dR2* value of pancreas (P>0.05). Conclusions Both multi?echo 3D FFE and mDIXON?Quant sequences can be applied for the evaluation of organ iron deposition.The mDIXON?quant sequence has advantages in heavy liver and pancreatic iron quantification

Objective: To investigate the trends in incidence of viral hepatitis in Yuxi City, Yunnan Province from 2004 to 2022, so as to provide insights into the management of viral hepatitis. Methods: Data of viral hepatitis cases in Yuxi City from 2004 to 2022 were retrieved from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The temporal, human and spatial distribution of viral hepatitis cases were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method, and the trends in incidence of viral hepatitis were evaluated in Yuxi City from 2004 to 2022 using annual percent change (APC) and average APC (AAPC). Results: A total of 37 430 viral hepatitis cases were reported in Yuxi City from 2004 to 2022, with an average annual incidence rate of 91.27/105, and the incidence showed a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=12.686, P<0.05). There were 29 229 cases with hepatitis B, 5 796 cases with hepatitis C, 1 451 cases with hepatitis A, 520 cases with hepatitis E and 434 cases with unclassified hepatitis reported in Yuxi City, with average annual incidence rates of 71.27/105, 14.13/105, 3.54/105, 1.27/105 and 1.06/105, respectively. The average annual incidence rates of viral hepatitis were 98.24/105 and 78.94/105 among men and women, which both appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=12.415% and 12.581%, both P<0.05). The highest average annual incidence of viral hepatitis was seen among residents at age of 25 to 29 years (139.89/105), with the lowest seen among residents at ages of 0 to 4 years (11.38/105), and the average annual incidence of viral hepatitis appeared a tendency towards a rise with age (P<0.05). The highest average annual incidence of viral hepatitis was seen in Huaning County (234.24/105), with the lowest seen in Chengjiang City (26.11/105), and the average annual incidence appeared a tendency towards a rise in Xinping County from 2004 to 2022 (AAPC=21.451%, P<0.05). Conclusions The reported incidence of viral hepatitis appeared a tendency towards a rise in Yuxi City from 2004 to 2022, with hepatitis B as the main type. High incidence was seen among men and adolescents. The viral hepatitis control strategy requires to be adjusted with adaptations to high-incidence hepatitis subgroups, residents and regions.

Objective To investigate the difference of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and fraction of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF) between Alzheimer's disease (AD)patients and normal aging (NA) controls by voxel-based analysis.Methods Thirty-one AD patients and 44 NA controls were enrolled in the study.Blood oxygen level dependent functional (BOLD) EPI data were obtained during resting-state by using 32-channel head coil.Data were realigned,normalized and then smoothed with 8 mm FWHM kernel.Resting-state fMRI toolkit(version 1.6) was used to generate ALFF and fALFF images.Independent two sample t-test was performed with SPM5 to compare ALFF and fALFF of AD and NA controls.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationship between MMSE score and ALFF,fALFF parameters.The significance level was set to be uncorrected O.001 on the voxel level and 0.05 on the cluster level.Results AD patients showed increased ALFF in left temporal lobe (0.492 ±0.119) and right cingulated cortex (0.434 ± 0.093) of AD patients,which were 0.443 ± 0.068 and 0.380 ±0.081 in NA controls (t =2.658,2.227,P ＜ 0.05).Decreased fALFF was found in bilateral posterior cingulate cortices (1.167 ± 0.203) and increased fALFF was found in bilateral temporal lobes (left 1.226 ±0.127,right 1.146 ±0.214) with left side dominance,which were 1.453 ±0.269,1.134 ±0.088,1.014 ± O.132 in NA controls (t =5.001,3.695,3.285,P ＜ 0.05).Bilateral temporal ALFF and fALFF correlated with MMSE positively (r =0.768—0.909,P ＜ 0.05) with left dominance.Conclusion AD patients showed increased resting-state functional MRI changes correlated with MMSE score in the temporal lobes with left dominance,which indicated left temporal lobe may be the best location for the observation of disease progression in AD patients.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of tacrolimus on cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of primary human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). METHODS hBMSCs were cultured with tacrolimus 0.001-5 μmol·L-1. BrdU incorporation was used to assess the cell proliferation while cellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition were measured to evaluate the osteoblastic differentiation of hBMSCs cultures. The calcineurin (CaN) activity was also examined using commercial CaN assay kit, and core binding factor 1 alpha subunit (Cbfα1) protein level was determined by Western blotting. RESULTSTacrolimus 0.001-0.1 μmol·L-1 promoted BrdU incorporation but had no effect on ALP activity and calcium deposition, whereas tacrolimus 0.5-5 μmol·L-1 resulted in significant decrease in both cell proliferation and osteoblastic maturation, by reducing BrdU incorporation, ALP activity, and calcium deposition of hBMSCs cultures in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, tacrolimus 0.5-5 μmol·L-1 led to concentration-dependent decrement in CaN activity, which was consistent with down-regulated Cbfα1 protein in the tacrolimus treated cells. CONCLUSION High concentration of tacrolimus might inhibit the cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of hBMSCs cultures through a CaN/Cbfα1 pathway.