This study was aimed to explore the characteristics of flavor and nature as well as the meridian entry of Chinese medicinals in the halitosis treatment by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Test data mining was used as the basis in the study of TCM literature on halitosis treatment. Herbs from the collected TCM halitosis treatment lit-erature, which met the inclusion criteria, were classified according to their effectiveness. And analysis was made on the nature, flavor and meridian entry of these herbs. Excellwas used in the descriptive analysis in the summariza-tion of halitosis medication rules. The results showed that the frequencies were 796 times which involved 149 herbs. The main nature of halitosis medication was cold, which was followed by warm and even. The total frequency was 97.49%. Sweet was the most frequently used flavor, which was followed by bitter and acrid. These three flavors ac-counted for 90.71%. The meridian entry of medicinal was mainly the stomach meridian, which was followed by the lung, spleen, heart and liver meridian. According to the effectiveness of classification, the main effect was an-tipyretic, which was followed by tonification and dampness-removing. It was concluded that through text data min-ing, the nature of TCM halitosis treatment medication was cold with the treatment principle of heat-clearing and dampness-removing as well as spleen-strengthening and stomach harmonization. These rules provided reliable refer-ence for clinical differentiation and medication.

This study was aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of Chinese herbs for myasthenia gravis. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Chinese medicine treatment of myasthenia gravis were systemically searched from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Weipu Database, PubMed and Cochrane Library. The information was recorded and the methodological quality of the included trials was assessed by two reviewers independently. The RevMan 5.2 software was used in the meta-analysis. The results showed that 58 RCTs involving 4 773 patients were included. The quality of included Chinese literatures was generally not high. There were four high-quality literatures; and the rest were low-quality literature. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with the effective rate of the western medicaltreatment group, there was no statistical difference between the Chinese medicine compound and the western medical treatment [RR = 1.15, 95%CI (0.94, 1.41)]. There was statistical difference between the western medical treatment plus the Chinese medicine compound group and the western medical treatment [RR = 1.10, 95%CI (1.03, 1.18)]. There was statistical difference between the western medical treatment plus the Chinese patent medicine group and the western medical treatment [RR = 1.17, 95%CI (1.08, 1.28)]. Compared with the western medical treatment group, the incidence of adverse reaction in the Chinese medicine compound plus the western medical treatment group was decreased obviously (P < 0.05). It was concluded that the current limited evidence showed that only using Chinese medicine had the similar clinical efficacy in the treatment of myasthenia gravis as western medicine. However, Chinese herbs combined with western medicine in the treatment of myasthenia gravis had better effects compared to western medicine. It can also reduce the side effects of western medicine. Especially astragalus was the most widely used herb in the Chinese medicine group. However, large-sample and high-quality clinical trials were required for further evidence.

This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of Ban-Xia Hou-Po (BXHP) decoction in the treatment of globus hystericus. Related literatures were systemically searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI, 1979-2013), Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (1989-2013), and PubMed/Medline. The methodological quality of included trials was assessed based on the Jadad scale. The available data was analyzed with RevMan software (version 5.2.0) provided by the Cochrane collaboration. The results showed that a total of 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which contained 649 globus hystericus cases, were included. The meta-analysis showed that compared with modern medicine, the total therapeutic effect of BXHP decoction was RR=1.15, 95%CI (1.08, 1.23); compared with modern medicine treatment alone, the total therapeutic effect of combination between BXHP decoction and modern medicine was RR=1.43, 95%CI (1.19, 1.73). It was concluded that the current clinical evidences showed that the effectiveness of BXHP decoction alone or combined with modern medicine in the treatment of globus hystericus was higher than the treatment only with modern medicine. And there was no obvious side effect. However, due to the low-quality studies and small amount of samples, the results still required to be confirmed with more high-quality, multi-center, and large sample RCTs.

This study aimed at exploring the features of the body constitution and syndrome types of TCM in patients with pSS.General information of 60 patients with pSS was collected.Their TCM syndrome types and TCM body constitution types were examed,while the distribution of pSS syndrome types in terms of their body constitution was analyzed.Among 60 pSS patients,58 of them (96.67％) were female with the average age of 52 years and an average course of 63 months.Their usual residence was Xinjiang.Their most common first symptoms included thirst,dry eyes and joint pain,and the damage of skin and mucous membranes and blood system was rare.It was found that the syndrome of both qi and yin deficiency was the most common (48.33％),followed by the impregnation syndrome of heat and dampness (26.67％) and the syndrome of the weakness of spleen qi (25％) in pSS patients.Yin deficiency (58.33％) and yang deficiency (58.33％) in the body constitution of TCM accounted for decent proportions,followed by the constitutions of qi stagnation (48.33％),qi deficiency (45.00％),blood stasis (38.33％),phlegm-dampness (36.67％),damp-heat (18.33％),allergic (13.33％) and yin-yang harmony (1.67％).Those without the health education of pSS accounted for 51.11％ in cases of palindromia.In conclusion,yin deficiency and yang deficiency constitutions were most common,at most,the body constitution of both qi and yin deficiency,in pSS patients in accordance with TCM body constitution.Most pSS patients of palindromia didn't received professional health education of pSS.All the causes above suggested that we should make individualized treatment programs according to clinical syndrome types and the characteristics of TCM body constitution in pSS patients for strengthening the health management of pSS and improving their quality of life.

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a key biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease on magnetic resonance imaging,They have potential clinical relevance to future stroke risk.Therefore,the detection of CMBs has important clinical significance for various cerebrovascular disease phenotypes.This article briefly summarizes the detection method of CMBs,mainly investigating the clinical significance of CMBs in general population and in patients with ischemic stroke,cerebral hemorrhage,vascular cognitive impairment,cerebral amyloid angiopathy,and leukoaraiosis.

Objective To summarize the clinical symptoms of patients with non-erosive reflux disease(NERD) and reflux esophagitis(RE),which is helpful to the differential diagnosis.Methods Outpatients who met the criteria of NERD or RE according to the Montreal definition in Gastroenterology Department Wuhan Union Hospital from 2010-2014 were enrolled in our study.Clinical data were comprehensively collected.Incidence of disease,severity,frequency of esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms,and the rates of overlapping with functional dyspepsia (FD) or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were all studied.Results Totally 446 subjects were recruited,including 225 patients with NERD and 221patients with RE.The occurrence rates of esophageal symptoms including heartburn [76.0％ (171/225) vs 52.0％ (115/221),P ＜ 0.01] and acid regurgitation [74.7％ (168/225) vs 54.3％ (120/221),P ＜0.05] in NERD group were significantly higher than those in RE patients,with more severe and frequent (P ＜ 0.05).Despite the rates of food regurgitation were similar,NERD patients behaved more severely and frequently (P ＜ 0.05).Extraesophageal symptoms including throat burning and foreign body sensation in NERD group [40.9％ (92/225) vs 27.6％ (61/221),42.2％ (95/225) vs 31.7％ (70/221),all P ＜0.05] were also higher than those in RE group,the degree of which was more severe too (P ＜ 0.05).RE patients claimed a higher proportion of chronic cough.The incidences of overlapping with IBS in two groups were similar.But there were more patients with FD in NERD group [72.0％ (162/225) vs 62.9％ (139/221),P ＜ 0.05] than in RE group.Conclusions The menifestations and degree of esophageal and extraesophageal symptoms in patients with NERD or RE are different,as well as comorbidities such as FD and IBS.These results suggest that NERD and RE are independent diseases.

Objective To observe the members' dynamic change of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and angiotensin converting enzyme 2(ACE2)-Ang(1-7)-Mas axis during the continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) treating the dogs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS),and to investigate the efficacy mechanism on cardiac function.Methods Dogs were subjected to hemorrhagic shock plus resuscitation and endotoxemia to establish MODS model,then they were randomly divided into 2 groups:CVVHDF group (n=8) and MODS group (n=6).After endotoxin injection completion,the CVVHDF group received CVVHDF for 12 h,MODS group didn't.Radioimmunoassay,euzymelinked mmunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the content of renin,Ang Ⅰ,Ang Ⅱ,Ang (1-7).Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of renin mRNA and ACE2 mRNA.Western blotting was used to detect the protein content of renin,Ang Ⅱ,ACE2 and Ang (1-7).Results (1) Organ function:Compared with the MODS group,the vital signs,heart,lung and renal function were significantly ameliorated in the CVVHDF group,the difference had statistical significance (P＜ 0.05).(2) RAS changes:To detect index from the level of organs,genetic and molecular in arterial tissue,the results displayed that the content of renin,Ang Ⅰ,Ang Ⅱ,the expression of renin mRNA,the protein content of renin,Ang Ⅱ in CVVHDF group were lower than that in MODS group,the difference had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).(3)ACE2-Ang(1-7)-Mas axis's changes:Using the same methods above to detect corresponding indicators,the results displayed that the content of ACE2,Ang(1-7),the expression of ACE2 mRNA and the protein content of ACE2,Ang(1-7) in CVVHDF group were significantly improved than that in MODS group,the difference had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions In the process of CVVHDF treating MODS,the ACE2 -Ang(1-7)-Mas axis plays the role which antagonizes the RAS system,and to protect the cardiac function.This research may be important for MODS' clinical rescue.

Objective To study the clinical effect of zinc gluconate combined with tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablets in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea .Methods 76 children with diarrhea in Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September to November in 2014 and from September to November in 2015 were selected as research subjects .All patients were randomly divided into control group ( n=38 ) and observa-tion group(n=38) by registration order.The control group was given tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablets ,while the observation group was given zinc gluconate combined with tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablets .The disappea-ring time of disease and the clinical symptoms after treatment for 72 h were compared between the two groups . Results The disappearing time of fever in the observation groupwas (28.81 ±5.72) h,which in the control group was (41.67 ±7.91)h,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t=10.358,P=0.011).The disappearing time of abdominal distension in the observation group was (40.28 ±7.96)h,which in the control group was (52.35 ±11.54)h,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t=7.334,P=0.021).The disappearing time of emesis in the observation groupwas (35.71 ±10.37)h,which in the control group was (50.66 ± 12.89)h,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups (t=9.214,P=0.017).The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.37％,which was higher than 81.58％ of the control group (χ2 =15.240,P<0.05 ) .In addition ,no complication was observed during the treatment .Conclusion The combination therapy of zinc gluconate and tetralogy of viable bifidobacterium tablets for infantile autumn diarrhea has high efficacy ,less adverse reaction,short therapy time ,and it has clinical value .

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of epidural analgesia in latent phase of labor for preeclamptic women undergoing vaginal delivery.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 80 nulliparae of singleton pregnancy with preeclampsia and cephalic presentation in Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology Obstetrics from August 2016 to July 2017.All subjects were randomly divided into two groups including labor analgesia in active phase group (labor analgesia was commenced at cervical dilation over ≥ 4 cm,n=40,group 1) and the whole labor analgesia in latent phase group (labor analgesia was comenced at the onset of labor,n=40,group 2).Visual analogue score (VAS) was used to evaluate pain intensity at different time points.Maternal venous blood samples were collected at the time of parturient and fetal delivery to determine the serum concentrations of cortisol (Cor) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Clinical data was statistically analyzed using t-test or Chisquare test.Results (1) Compared with group 1,the duration of the first stage of labor [(521.3±103.5) vs (570.3 ±116.2) min,t=0.366,P＜0.05],the VAS scores immediately after analgesic administration and at cervical dilation of 2 and 3 cm [4.1±1.1 vs 7.3±1.2,3.5±0.9 vs 7.6±1.7,3.7±0.7 vs 8.1±1.4;t=4.387,9.652,5.321;all P＜0.05],the mean arterial pressure at cervical dilation of 2 and 3 cm [(98.3±9.1) vs (125.3±10.6) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(98.6±10.4) vs (127.5±9.6) mmHg;t=8.014,5.496;both P＜0.05] and the cesarean delivery rate [15.0％ (6/40) vs 27.5％ (11/40),x2=4.012,P＜0.05] were all lower in group 2.(2) The serum levels of Cor [(565±76) vs (231 ±64) nmol/L,(457±79) vs (233±55) nmol/L;t=6.028,5.126;both P＜0.05] and ACTH [(81 ± 14) vs (38±11) pg/ml,(71 ± 16) vs (39±10) pg/ml,t=5.984,6.028;both P＜0.05]in group 1 and group 2 were both increased significantly after delivery as compared with those at the time of parturient,and they also showed significant differences between the two groups after delivery (t=5.009,3.862;both P＜0.05).Conclusions Epidural analgesia in latent phase of labor can be implemented in preeclamptic women attempting vaginal delivery through alleviating labor pain as sooner and earlier as possible,reducing their stress responses and maintain hemodynamic stability.

Objective To explore the prevalence and possible risk factors of depressive /anxious symptoms of patients with digestive disease .Methods Totally 245 patients with digestive diseases were recruited consecutively .Face-to-face interview and the hospital anxiety and depression scale ( HADS) ,self-rating anxiety scale ( SAS) and self-rating depression scale ( SDS) were employed to collect the clinical data .The non-condition logistic regression was performed to analyze the data .Results The prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with organic diseases in digestive system was 36.3%.Among them,the higher incidence of depression and anxiety symptoms were digestive system tumors , peptic ulcer , acute pancreatitis and cirrhosis .The educational degree was correlated with simple depression,pure anxiety,depression complicated with anxiety (χ2 =8.781,P=0.013;χ2 =7.976,P=0.018;χ2 =15.807,P=0.003),the degree of high school or above was a protective factor ,the OR values were 0.347, 0.373,0.301.The gender was also correlated with depression ,anxiety,depression complicated with anxiety (χ2 =4.343,P=0.031;χ2 =1.056,P=0.017;χ2 =2.382,P=0.03),female was the risk factor of mental illness ,the OR values were 2.72,2.438,2.671.The age was correlated with depression ,depression complicated with anxiety (χ2 =9.872,P=0.002;χ2 =15.710,P=0.031),the age of over 40 years old was the risk factor of mental illness ,the OR values were 5.137,5.731.The occupation was correlated with depression (χ2 =6.017,P=0.017),the non-physical labor was the risk factors of depression , the OR value was 2.752.Conclusion There is a higher prevalence of depression and anxious symptoms in patients with digestive organic diseases .Female,senior high school or lower ,older than 40 years,and non-manual work are the risk factors of these symptoms .