Objective To analyze the variations and influencing factors of hospitalization expenditure of cervical cancer patients among urban employees in Beijing from 2006 to 2010,and to provide evidences for developing reasonable measures of medical expenses control.Methods Based on the hospitalization expenditure data of 1146 cervical cancer cases,the paper probed into the changes of hospitalization age and hospitalization expenditure,and the influencing factors of hospitalization expenditure by means of descriptive analysis and multiple stepwise regression.Results The last 5 years witnessed no significant change in the first hospitalization age of cervical cancer patients,rise of hospitalization age,gradual rise of the hospitalization expenditure per time along with their age groups,as well as a rising trend of the average hospitalization expenses,average drug cost and proportion of average drug cost year by year.Results of the multiple stepwise linear regression showed that days of stay,proportion of drug cost and surgery or not as important influencing factors for hospitalization expenditure.Conclusion Hospitalization expenditure of cervical cancer keeps growing.Against this background,reasonable shortening of the days of stay,reasonable setup of an appropriate proportion of out-of-pocket payment,and reduction of the proportion of drug costs become effective means to reduce hospitalization expenditure.

Targeted agents for advanced colorectal cancer mainly include inhibitors of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).Studies show that bevacizumab and cetuximab can improve the prognosis of advanced colorectal cancer patients,but there is slight difference in the choice of chemotherapy regimens when combined with them.Bevacizumab and cetuximab can improve the overall survival of K-ras wild-type colorectal cancer patients similarly.The emergence of new targeted drugs such as aflibercept,regorafenib provides more choices for the targeted therapy of advanced colorectal cancer patients.

In order to create a high-quality online course of Medical Ethics, this research group retrieved 16 domestic MOOC platforms in order to understand the current status of the online course construction of Medical Ethicsin Chinese universities before the outbreak of epidemic. The survey results showed that 12 teaching teams from 11 universities have built the Medical EthicsMOOC on 8 network platforms. These 12 online courses have not only played an important role in the teaching of this course during the epidemic, but also would provide valuable experience for leading Chinese universities in the online learning and teaching reform of Medical Ethics. Finally, there are three suggestions for the current problems about online teaching of medical education: firstly, increase network speed and reduce network traffic charges; secondly, utilize virtual space to make up for the lack of real space; thirdly, set up cross-professional, interdisciplinary and trans-school's compound golden courses teaching teams.

Objective:To study how to guide the individual dose of clopidogrel in line with the genetic testing results. Methods:Clinical pharmacists decided how to optimize the prescription of clopidogrel according to the genotype combined with the drug metabolism and drug interactions for three patients respectively with slow clopidogrel metabolism,intermediary metabolism and super fast metabolism. Results:The slow clopidogrel metabolism patient with subacute stent thrombosis after half a month of coronary stenting was switched to orally administrate with ticagrelor. The super fast metabolism patient suffered from repeatedly subcutaneous hemorrhage with antiplatelet therapy was suggested to lower the dose of clopidogrel,temporarily withdraw Maixuekang capsules and conventionally administrate with vitamin C tablets orally. The intermediary metabolism patient with late stent thrombosis co-treated with lansoprazole was suggested to increase the dose of clopidogrel or use ticagrelor instead,and when it was necessary,panxitorazole,ray Bella or the other ranitidine acid suppression drugs such as ranitidine could be considered. Conclusion:Through genetic testing and drug interactions,clinical pharmacists guide the clinical use of clopidogrel and the optimization of antiplatelet therapy.

Cyclic voltammetry shows that, in a supporting ele ctrolyte of NaOH,riboflavine tetrabutyrate（RT）has a pair of cathodic and anodi c peaks at Hg electrode. The peak potentials Epc=Epa=-0.64　 V（vs.Ag/Agcl）.　The adsorptive characteristics of RT are explored in detai ls with various methods.　The adsorbed species is most probably neutral molecule of RT.The saturated adsorption amount of RT at Hg electrode is 5.42×10-11 　mol/cm2 and every RT molecule occupied 3.06　nm2. On the surface of HMDE ，the adsorption of RT obeys Frumkin dasorption isotherm. The adsorptive coeffic ient β，the attractive factor γ are 4.60×105，1.10 and the adsorption free energy ΔG, is　－32.30　kJ/mol, respectively. The electrode proc ess kinetic behavior has also been studied by using cyclic voltammetry. Under th e experimental conditions the rate constants for electron transfer are determine d. The values of ks are in good agreement with literature′s results.

Objective: To investigate the alteration of red cell deformability (RCD) and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity of cell membrane in essential hypertensive (EH) patients and essential hypertension patients complicated with cerebral infarction (HCI). Methods: Twenty healthy individuals, 30 EH patients and 30 HCI patients were selected as subjects. The erythrocyte deformability indexes (DI)、 Na+, K+-ATPase and Ca2+ATPase activities were examined. Results: (1) EH patients had significantly higher DI, lower ATPase activity as compared to healthy individuals. There were significantly negative correlation between DI and ATPase activity, and a significantly positive correalation between DI and diastolic blood pressure in EH patients; (2) There was significantly higher DI, lower ATPase activity in HCI patients than those in EH patients. There was significantly negative correlation between DIand ATPase activity in HCI patients. Conclusion: (1) RCD decreases in EH patients, and RCD is correlated to the decreased ATPase of cell membrane and elevated blood pressure; (2) The decreased RCD level may be related to the occurrence of HCI.

It's a new financial management system that our country implemented the management of separating the income and expenditure in the community health services.Beijing is one of the former pilot cities which carried on the management of separating the income and expenditure.To know the effectiveness of the implementations and its influence to the health services,this article analyses the status of community health services,the financial investment and the performance results in Beijing.Considering the above,this paper also provides policy recommendations on the development of health services in Beijing to improve the new urban medical service system which based on the community health services.

Objective To observe the influence of serum containing Tongmai on the anoxic myocardial cell. Methods The serum containing Tongmai effective components was extracted and used to interfere the anoxic myocardial cell, then the concentration of the LDH and troponin I in the culture medium of the cardiac myocyte was measured. Results The concentration of LDH and troponin I increased significantly in the culture mediun of the anoxic cardiac myocyte. The intervention of the serum containing Tongmai can significantly decreased the concentration of LDH and troponin I in the culture medium of the anoxic cardiac myocyte. Conclusion Tongmai can protect the cardiac myocyte from anoxic damage.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tong-Xin Luo (TXL) on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV-304) cultured in vitro. Methods The TXL-contained serum was prepared, and ECV-304 were incubated with 5%, 10% and 15% serum containing TXL, respectively, for 4 hours and 8 hours. The cell morphology was observed and cell proliferation ability was determined by MTT. Results OD value of TXL group was higher than that in control group(P

AIM: To investigate biological effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on differentiation of cardiomyogenic cells (CGCs) induced from rabbit bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) in vitro. METHODS: The BMSCs from shaft of femur of Japan rabbits were isolated and propagated for cell culture. Cultured BMSCs were randomly divided into six groups: Group Ⅰ: the control group (uninduced group); Group Ⅱ: the ET-1 group, added ET-1 (30 nmol/L) into culture medium; Group Ⅲ: 5-aza group, added 5-aza (10 ?mol/L) into culture medium; Group Ⅳ: 5-aza+ET-1 group, after inducing with 5-aza for 3 weeks, ET-1 was added into culture medium. This group was divided into three parts-Ⅳ 1、Ⅳ 2、Ⅳ 3, and separated to add 10、 30、 50 nmol/L ET-1. During the cell culture, growing and differentiation of BMSCs were observed. After inducing for 4 weeks, the differentiation rate and the diameter of cardiomyogenic cells were calculated; Western-blot was employed to analyze the expressions of GATA-4 protein and phosphorylation level. The expression of ?-MHC mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry staining of Troponin-I and ultrastructure observation of induced cardiomyogenic cells were also completed simultaneously. RESULTS: The cell diameters of CGCs in group Ⅳ 2 were enlarged significantly (P0.05). In group Ⅲ and Ⅳ 2 , the positive cells of cTroponin I staining were more, the expression of ?-MHC mRNA was significantly increased (P