OBJECTIVE:To probe into the relation between integrated pharmaceutical care and the drug use administration of inpatients with medical insurance.METHODS:The principle and the role of the integrated pharmaceutical care were in?troduced;and the problems in the drug use administration of inpatients with medical insurance were analyzed and some sug?gestions were put forward accordingly.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The key in drug use administration of inpatients with medical insurance is to implement integrated pharmaceutical care in accordance with clinical pharmacy practice program and to keep the medical expenditures under control by means of principles and methods in pharmacoeconomics.

Objective To explore the locus of control and the relationship with parenting patterns of ado-lescents with first-onset major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods Patients with first-onset MDD (n= 98) and controls (n=98) were investigated by Sphere of Control Questionaire and EMBU, the results were compared and analyzed correlatively. Results The scores of the individual strength scale ( 37.47±13.66) and the relations with people scale ( 38.65±13.19 ) of patients were significantly lower(P<0.05 ) than the controls [(45.39± 12.84) and (45.90±11.20 ) each], while the scores of social-political management (39.01±10.28) were not significantly lower (P>0.05)than the controls' (39.12±9.50). The scores of patients' paternal excessive inter-ference factor(2.66±0.49) , maternal excessive protection/interference (2.79±0.55 ) and rejection/denial fac-tor(2.55±0.39) of EMBU were significantly higher(P<0.05)than controls' [(2.17±0.58),(2.17±0.49) and( 1.75±0.51 ) each]. The scores of patients' paternal affection/understanding factor were significantly posi-tively correlative with patients' scores of relations with people (r=0.27, P<0.05), maternal affection/under-standing factor was significantly positively correlative with patients' scores of individual strength (r=0.21, P <0.05) and relations with people(r=0.23, P<0.05 ) , while maternal excessive interference/excessive protection and individual strength (r=-0.24, P<0.05 ) and relations with people (r=-0.22, P<0.05), maternal rejec-tion/denial and individual strength (r=-0.26, P<0.05) were significantly negatively correlative. Conclusion Adolescents with MDD have abnormal locus of control,which might be correlative with their parenting patterns.

OBJECTIVE:To study the isolation of lentinan,the average molecular weight of which ranged within400000to600000.METHODS:The fine lentinan was purified by2—diethyllaminoethyl—cellulose anion exchange column chro-matography,which was then isolated by dextran gel G-200column chromatography with the molecular weights determined by high performance gel chromatography.RESULTS:The average molecule weight of the isolated lentinan ranged from400000to600000.CONCLUSION:This method can be used for the isolation of lentinan.

Objective To study the effects of discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) mediated phosphorylation of protein Tau on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats and its possible mechanism.Methods Sixty-four seven-day-old male specific-pathogen-free Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups with sixteen in each: Sham, HIBD, HIBD with normal saline (HIBD+NS) and HIBD with DDR1 inhibitor (HIBD+DI) groups. A rat model of HIBD was established by subjecting the rats to left common carotid artery ligation, followed by exposing them to hypoxia for two hours. In HIBD+DI group, the inhibitor of DDR1 was immediately injected into lateral cerebroventricles of the rats following modeling. Forty-eight hours after injection, tissues of left cerebral cortex were collected from each rat to evaluate histopathological changes with HE staining. Western-blotting was used to assess the phosphorylation levels of DDR1 and protein Tau. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to detect the concentrations of acetylcholine. Analysis of variance ort test were used for statistical analysis.Results (1) Damages in cerebral cortex: Percentages of abnormal neurons in the rats of HIBD group were higher than those in Sham group [(80.28±4.51)% vs (10.40±2.17)%,t=39.491,P<0.01]. Pyknotic or necrotic neurons in the rats of HIBD+DI group were less than those in HIBD+NS group [(31.91±3.05)% vs (82.01±7.20)%,t=18.123,P<0.01]. (2) Phosphorylation of DDR1 and protein Tau: Levels of phosphorylated DDR1 in the cerebral cortexes of rats in HIBD group were higher than those in Sham group (0.922±0.199 vs 0.095±0.023,t=10.379,P<0.01), and those levels in HIBD+NS group were higher than those in HIBD+DI group (1.200±0.171 vs 0.255±0.111,t=11.901, P<0.01). The phosphorylation of protein Tau was similar to that of DDR1 (0.919±0.228 vs 0.194±0.224 in HIBD and Sham groups,t=7.347; 1.100±0.167 vs 0.291±0.210 in HIBD+NS and HIBD+DI groups,t=9.447;bothP<0.01). (3) Levels of acetylcholine: Levels of acetylcholine in cerebral cortexes of rats in HIBD group were lower than those in Sham group [(3.685±0.472) vs (7.429±0.861) ng/g protein,t=10.781,P<0.01], and that levels in HIBD+DI group were higher than those in HIBD+NS group [(7.058±0.915) vs (2.521±0.723) ng/g protein,t=10.989,P<0.01].Conclusions Activation of DDR1 plays a key role in enhancing the phosphorylation of protein Tau and in reducing the secretion of acetylcholine in cerebral cortexes of rats with HIBD. Inhibitor of DDR1 could protect neonatal rats from HIBD through the decreasing of protein Tau phosphorylation and increasing of acetylcholine release by inhibiting the activation of DDR1.

Objective To study the effect of high-glucose-high-fat diet on expression and methylation of insulin receptor ( INSR) gene in F1 offspring. Methods Sixty 5-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:normal diet group and high-glucose-high-fat diet group. After rats were fed for three months, all male rats were performed to copulate with normal female rats. The body weight, blood glucose, and blood insulin of neonatal rats of F1 offspring were measured. The genome DNA, total RNA, and total protein were extracted from livers, brains, and muscles of neonatal rats. Relative expression of INSR in both mRNA level and protein level were detected using a realtime PCR test and a Western blot test respectively. Methylation of INSR promoter was analyzed by a methylation specific PCR ( MSP ) . Results Both body weight and fasting glucose were without significant difference in two groups. In high-glucose-high-fat diet group, both the glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance of neonatal rats in F1 offspring were significantly decreased. Except that in brains, the expressions of INSR gene in livers and in muscles of neonatal rats in high-glucose-high-fat diet group were down-regulated in mRNA ( realtime PCR ) and protein levels ( Western blot) compared to the normal diet group. Meanwhile, the methylation of INSR gene in livers and muscles were strengthened in high-glucose-high-fat diet group. Conclusion A high-glucose-high-fat diet fed to male SD rats leads to the decrease in glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, and the inhibition of expression of hepatic and muscle INSR gene in neonatal offspring. The methylation of INSR gene could be involved in this phenomenon.

OBJECTIVE:To revise the accreditation standards of the national clinical pharmacy key specialty,promote the nor-malization and standardization of clinical pharmacy services and improve the service level of clinical pharmacy in our country. METHODS:Based on JCI international hospital accreditation ideas,suggestions for Clinical Pharmacy State Clinical Key Program Construction Score Standard for trial implementation (900 points) published by former Ministry of Health in 2012,were put for-ward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:For the problems that there were lack of pharmacy service institutional management,process control and quality management standards,some classification programs were not clear,and did not fully reflect the clinical phar-macy service quality and work effect evaluation requirements,corresponding revisions were proposed in terms of basic conditions, information management,clinical pharmacy work management system,etc. The revised standard pays more attention and refines the quality system construction in system,standard,process,quality control,effect evaluation,which can promote the enhance-ment of our clinical pharmacy service levels,normalization and standardization of clinical pharmacy services.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qianliejiedu capsule in the treatment of chronic prostatitis. Methods A multi-central,randomized,double-blind clinical trial was conducted.A total of 209 patients diagnosed as chronic prostatitis were randomly divided into two groups:the trial group were treated with Qianliejiedu Capsule,5 pills were taken orally for each time,twice a day;the control group were given Qianlietai Pill,5 pills were taken orally for each time and 3 times a day.All patients of the tWO groups were treated for 4 weeks,The efficacy was evaluated by urethra irritating,painful or discomfortable symptoms,and the WBC count in EPS after the treatment.Clinical criteria divided into 4 types,cure:symptom score compared with a decrease≥90%;markedly effective:symptom score compared with a decrease of 60%to 89%;effective:symptom score comparedwith a decrease of 30%to 59%;invalid:symptom score compared with a decrease of＜30%.Results There were 102 patients in the treatment group,11 got cured,49 cases were remarkably effectire,28 eases were effective,14 eases were ineffective and the total effective rate was 86.2%(88/102).There were 98 patients in the treatment group,4 got cured,38 cases were remarkably effective,35 cases were effective,21 cases were ineffective,and the total effective rate was 78.6%(77/98).The trial group and the control group could improve the symptoms such as frequent micturition,the remaining urine,the lower abdomen ache,the urethra stabbing pain,the unwell perineum,the waist and sacrum ache,the moist scrotum,and the testicle ache.The vanishing rate of the trial group was 87.6%,82.1%,74.5%,84.1%,93.7%,80.3%,82.5%,82.3%;and the control group was 74.7%,73.0%,71.0%,74.2%,71.4%,67.9%,72.3%,76.2%.The vanishing rates of frequent micturition symptom of the 2 groups were significantly different(P=0.032).The result of WBC of the trial group before treatment was as follows:WBC 10-19 28 cases,WBC 20-29 33 cases,WBC≥30 41 cases.The result of WBC of the trial group after treatment was as follows:WBC＜10 45cases,WBC 10-19 34 cases,WBC 20-29 20 cases,WBC≥30 3 cases.The result of WBC of the control group before treatment was as follows:WBC 10-19 26 cases,WBC 20-29 35 cases,WBC:≥30 37 cases.The result of WBC of the control group after treatment was as follows:WBC＜10 42 caaes,WBC 10-19 33 cases,WBC 20-29 15 cases,WBC≥30 8 cases.There were significant differences between the before and after treatment results(P＜0.05).Two cases in the trial group and 3 cases in the control group had mild adverse reactions such as nausea,epigastric discomfort,and watery stool. Conclusion Qianliejiedu capsule is effective and safe for the treatment of chronic prostatitis.

The aim of this study was to fabricate biomatrix/polymer hybrid scaffolds using an electrospinning technique. Then tissue engineered heart valves were engineered by seeding mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) onto the scaffolds. The effects of the hybrid scaffolds on the proliferation of seed cells, formation of extracellular matrix and mechanical properties of tissue engineered heart valves were investigated. MSCs were obtained from rats. Porcine aortic heart valves were decellularized, coated with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) using an electrospinning technique, and reseeded and cultured over a time period of 14 days. In control group, the decellularized valve scaffolds were reseeded and cultured over an equivalent time period. Specimens of each group were examined histologically (hematoxylin-eosin [HE] staining, immunohistostaining, and scanning electron microscopy), biochemically (DNA and 4-hydroxyproline) and mechanically. The results showed that recellularization was comparable to the specimens of hybrid scaffolds and controls. The specimens of hybrid scaffolds and controls revealed comparable amounts of cell mass and 4-hydroxyproline (P>0.05). However, the specimens of hybrid scaffolds showed a significant increase in mechanical strength, compared to the controls (P<0.05). This study demonstrated the superiority of the hybrid scaffolds to increase the mechanical strength of tissue engineered heart valves. And compared to the decellularized valve scaffolds, the hybrid scaffolds showed similar effects on the proliferation of MSCs and formation of extracellular matrix. It was believed that the hybrid scaffolds could be used for the construction of tissue engineered heart valves.

The means of survival of genomic dsRNA of reoviruses from dsRNA-triggered and Dicer-initiated RNAi pathway remains to be defined.The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) replication on the RNAi pathway of grass carp kidney cells (CIK).The dsRNA-triggered RNAi pathway was demonstrated unimpaired in CIK cells through RNAi assay.GCRV-specific siRNA was generated in CIK cells transfected with purified GCRV genomic dsRNA in Northern blot analysis; while in GCRV-infected CIK cells,no GCRV-specific siRNA could be detected.Infection and transfection experiments further indicated that replication of GCRV correlated with the increased transcription level of the Dicer gene and functional inhibition of in vitro synthesized egfp-siRNA in silencing the EGFP reporter gene.These data demonstrated that although only the genomic dsRNA of GCRV was sensitive to the cellular RNAi pathway,unidentified RNAi suppressor protein(s) might contribute to the survival of the viral genome and efficient viral replication.

Objective: To explore the relationship of discrimination perception and social anxiety of the left-behind children, focusing on the moderating effect of trait gratitude. Methods: Totally 588 left-behind children were investigated with discrimination perception questionnaire, gratitude questionnaire and Liebowitz social anxiety questionnaire. Data were analyzed by independent t test, correlation analysis and regression analysis. Results: There was a significant difference in group discrimination between the only child (2.11±0.98) and the non-only child (2.28±0.93) (t=-2.11, P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that trait gratitude (4.93±0.89) was negatively correlated with individual discrimination (2.53±1.03) and group discrimination (2.22±0.95) (r=-0.55, r=-0.56, both P< 0.05), furtherly negatively correlated with fear of negation (0.85±0.47) and social avoidance (0.81±0.53) dimensions of social anxiety (r=-0.47, r=-0.48, both P<0.05). Additionally, discrimination perception was positively correlated with social anxiety (r=0.61, P<0.05). Regression analysis showed that discrimination perception could significantly predict social anxiety (β=0.44, P<0.01), and trait gratitude could significantly moderate this effect (β=-0.75, P<0.01). Conclusion Discrimination perception can positively predict social anxiety, and trait gratitude can moderate this effect.