With the progress of medical research,more and more inherited and congenital factors predisposing to hematologic malignancies have been revealed,which have brewed into a hot topic of the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting in 2014.Correctly understanding and interpreting these innate susceptible factors will be of great significance in improving the treatment in patients and prevention or early detecting of cancers in individuals carrying these factors.Research progress in this area will be introduced together with the authors' research in this article.

The event free survival and overall survival rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)have been improved significantly based on the risk stratify diagnosis and treatment.But there are still some patients suffering therapeutic failure and relapse.With the great development of genome sequencing technology,more and more genetic aberrations behind the refractory and relapse ALL have been identified.Ph-like ALL is charactered with gene expression profile similar to that of BCR-ABL1 positive ALL,involving abnormal activation of cytokine receptor and tyrosine kinase.It has been proved that treatment combined with Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can significantly improve the poor prognosis.Ph-like ALL is one of hot topics during the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting in 2014.Progression in molecular genetics for Ph-like ALL will be introduced together with the author' s research experience.

The diversity of immune repertoire (IR) is closely related to immune function and tumors derived from B or T lymphocytes.In recent years,the development of next generation sequencing has greatly promoted the progression and application of IR analysis.The research of IR has become a new hotspot of the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting in 2016.Relevant reports in this meeting will be reviewed together with advances in research and application of IR analysis in hematological malignancies in recent years.

Telomere and telomerase play important roles in protecting and maintaining the stability and integrity of chromosomes. Telomere and telomerase are closely related with multiple diseases, and their relationship with aging and tumors has become a hot topic in recent years. Relevant reports in the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting in 2016 will be reviewed together with advances of telomere and telomerase in hematological diseases.

Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have profoundly improved prognosis of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), it still can not cure CML with high relapse rate when TKI is used alone. Except for effective development of TKI and precise application of the existing TKI,the exploitation of new therapy target, research on treatment for leukemia stem cells and cocktail targeted therapies also provide further inspiration for improving treatment and curing CML. This article will introduce the advances of therapy in CML.

Objective To evaluate the sickness impact and the quality of life in patients who received 131 I treatment for Grave's disease with one year of follow-up.Methods 376 patients with Grave's disease(GD) who voluntarily received 131I treatment were recruited.The follow-up archives were established.The Sickness Impact and the Quality of life in patient' s with GD were measured using the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SAS) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) and Quality of life scale(QLS,SF-36) before and after treatment with 131I for 6 months and 12 months.Results 57 out of 376 cases were lost.319 cases finished follow-up studies.There was significant difference of SAS,SDS,SDSS,SIP and SF-36 and their agent score among three groups:before and 6months and 12months after 131I treatment in the 319 patients(F=8.561-1080.317,P＜0.001).After treatment with 131I,SAS,SDS,SDSS and SIP score were lower(P＜0.05),SF-36 total and agent score were higher(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference between the score of SAS,SDS,SDSS,SIP total score and it' s agent score of SD-Ⅱ,SR,W,SF-36 agent score of RP,BP,VT,SF at the end of 12 months compared to the score at the end of 6 months(P＞0.05).But there was significant difference between the score of SIP agent score of SD-Ⅰ,HM,RP,SF-36 total score and it' s agent score of PF,GH,RE,M H at the end of 12 months compared to the score at the end of 6 months (P＜0.05).At the end of 6 months and 12 months after treatment the subjects were divided five groups according to different clinical outcome.Not only at the end of 6 months,but also at the end of 12 months,there was significant difference of SAS,SDS,SDSS,SIP total score,and it' s agent score of SD-Ⅰ,SD-Ⅱ,SR,W,RP,SF-36 total score,and it's agent score PF,RP,BP,GH,VT,SF,RE,MH among the five groups(F6 =6.870-143.790,F12 =13.956-837.184,P＜0.001).There was no significant difference of HM among five groups (F6 =1.733,P6 =0.142; F12 =2.015,P12 =0.092).The score of SF-36 and its agent score PF,RP,VT,SF,RE,MH in three subgroup (healthy control,the patient group at end of 6 months and 12 months with normal thyroid function) was significant different,respectively(F=8.320-82.791,P＜0.001).There was no significant different for agent score of BP and GH(F=2.990,2.652,P=0.051,0.072).Conclusion Quality of life of patients with GD is decrease.131I treatment can improve it,but socialpsycho function can not be improved satisfactorily.It is necessary for GD patients to pay attention to the quality of life and provide effective mental intervention to improve the recovery completely.

BACKGROUND:The transplanted tendon must have good biomechanical properties, in order to effectively avoid tendon tear at the anastomosis end during suturing and reduce adhesion of tendon during healing process. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of different methods for preparation of graft materials on the biological properties of tendon al ograft. METHODS:Forty-eight healthy male Leghorns were randomly divided into three groups:vitrification group, chemical extraction group, and control group. Unilateral superficial and deep flexor tendon of the third toe was subjected to vitrification, chemical extraction and no treatment in the three groups, respectively. A part of tendon was taken for biomechanical testing, and the other part was for al ogeneic transplantation. After 1, 2, 3, 6 weeks, peripheral blood CD4+, CD8+T lymphocytes were counted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Vitrification could partial y retain the original tendon cells, but the chemical extraction method could not. Tensile strength for tendon rupture, tensile fracture power and tensile elongation at break were not statistical y significant among three groups (P>0.05). At the end of 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+difference was significant among the three groups (P<0.05);at the end of 3 and 6 weeks after transplantation, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+were significantly less in the vitrification and chemical extraction groups than the control group (P<0.05), but no difference was found between the vitrification group and chemical extraction group (P>0.05). These findings indicate that the vitrification and chemical extraction methods can significantly reduce immunogenicity of the tendon based on effective retention of biomechanical properties of the tendon.

Objective To develop a HPLC-MS/MS method for determination of Tacrolimus(FK506) in bone marrow trans plant patient,and explore the relationship of HPLC-MS/MS with CMIA and Elecsys in the measurement of FK506 blood drug concentration,and provide reliable basis for clinical rational use of monitoring method in FK506 blood drug concentra tion.Methods The separation was performed on a Ultimate xB-C18 column with a mobile phase of water (containing 2 mmol/L ammonium acetate and 0.1 ml/dl formic acid) and methanol (containing 0.1 ml/dl formic acid).The way of eluting was gradient.Mass spectrum detection method was ESI positive ion mode and the MRM transitions of FK506 m/z 821.5～ 768.5 and Ascomycin m/z 809.4～756.4.Selected part of the whole blood samples of FK506 in bone marrow transplant patient and respectively were tested by HPLC/MS/MS method,CMIA method and Elecsys method.Then,three methods for the detection of FK506 density were compared.Results The standard curve of FK506 was linear over the range of 0.5～50 ng/ml,Y=0.228X-0.003 08 (r=0.999 0).FK506 blood concentrations were not significantly different in HPLC/MS/MS method,CMIA method and Elecsys method.Conclusion The HPLC-MS/MS method in the detection of FK506 was established and can be used for monitoring of whole blood concentration of FK506 in bone marrow transplant patients.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown promising perspective in clinical trails of B cell hematologic malignancies.Meanwhile,this therapy still need to be further improved in the following aspects:design of CAR-T,cancer antigens selection,T cells origin,and clinical application strategy.CAR-T immunotherapy is one of hot topics in the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting.Some breakthroughs have been reported in both basic research and clinical trails.

The detection of JAK2 V617F and CALR mutations,which was first reported in 2005 and 2013,respectively,had greatly improved the diagnosis and treatment of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).Most MPN patients are inclined to thrombophilia,the carrier frequency of JAK2 V617F mutation was also high in patients of various thrombotic events,and the relationship between the two conditions needs further study.The observation of JAK2 V617F mutation in control group and general population also enlightened and changed the understanding about the development of chronic cancer.Research progress in this area will be introduced together with the related reports in the 56th American Society of Hematology annual meeting in 2014.