BACKGROUND:Implantation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alone, without support vectors, is easy to be flushed away by the blood flow, and thus limits the osteogenesis and angiogenesis.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of combination of calcium phosphate cement (CPC), BMP-6/VEGF in bone defect repair.
METHODS:Defect models of the bilateral medial femoral condyle were prepared in New Zealand white rabbits. Then, the medial femoral condyle was filed with CPC/BMP-6/VEGF, CPC/BMP-6, and CPC, respectively, in the left side, but nothing in the right side as control. After 8 and 16 weeks of implantation, the hard tissue slices were prepared for histological observation and scanning electron microscope observation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al three kinds of materials showed good biocompatibility, and no obvious inflammation was found. After 8 weeks of implantation, the junction of the CPC/BMP-6/VEGF and bone tissue was almost completely covered by newly formed trabecular bone. With the development of cement degradation, abundant osteoblasts could be found in the surface of newborn trabecular bone. After 16 weeks of implantation, an ongoing cement degradation and bone formation was seen. Moreover, newly formed bone tissue increased and became thicker. The cement in the interface was separated into smal pieces and closely interconnected with the surrounding tissues, and newly formed bone showed a mesh-like ingrowth into the cement. This newly formed bone was mature and could not be distinguished from the original trabecular bone. Both the degradation and osteogenesis of CPC and CPC/BMP-6 were much slower than that of CPC/BMP-6/VEGF (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo through the additive effects of VEGF and BMP-6. CPC/BMP-6/VEGF can be an ideal bone substitute in bone repair.

BACKGROUND: Inappropriate size of tibia prosthesis wil affect the stability and long term curative effect of knee joint. Raising the tibia prosthesis bone coverage through preoperative analysis may further reduce the incidence of loosing and sinking of tibia prosthesis. OBJECTIVE: To select the appropriate prosthesis and maximize the tibia prosthesis bone coverage rate through the three dimensional reconstruction of CT and preoperative tibia osteotomy simulation among the patients preliminarily treated with total knee arthroplasty. METHODS: Total y 76 (84 knees) patients treated with total knee arthroplasty were enrol ed and randomly divided into test group (38 cases, 41 knees) and control group (38 cases, 43 knees). Al the patients in the test group were underwent CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction of CT before operation. Preoperative tibia osteotomy was stimulated. The most appropriate tibia prosthesis was selected by comparatively analyzing the data of tibia osteotomy, and maximizing the tibial plateau prosthesis bone coverage. Three-dimensional reconstruction of CT was absence in the control group by contrast. Tibia plateau bone coverage of patients in these two groups after replacement was evaluated. The repair effect was evaluated during the fol ow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Total y 75 patients were fol owed up for 13 to 56 months. One patient in the test group withdrew from the study because of periprosthetic fractures. Analyzing from the fol ow-up after replacement, tibia plateau prosthesis coverage rates of test group and control group were (89.87±4.14)%, (83.15±5.21)%respectively; New York Hospital for Special Surgery scores were respectively (87.48±8.69) points and (82.37±10.14) points, the difference was statistical y significant (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the range of motion and postoperative complications between test and control groups (P > 0.05). These results suggest that choosing the most appropriate type of tibia prosthesis by applying three-dimensional reconstruction of CT and preoperative tibia osteotomy on patients treated with total knee arthroplasty can improve tibial plateau prosthesis bone coverage rate and is conductive to achieve a satisfactory repair effect.

Objective To investigate the value of immunophenotypes in pathologic diagnosis of follicular lymphoma (FL) and the differential diagnosis between neoplastic follicle (NF) and reactive hyperplastic follicle (RHF).Methods 50 cases of FL and 10 cases of RHF as control were studied by clinical data, the expressions of CD20, bcl-2, CD3, CD10, bcl-6, CD21 and Ki-67 were detected by EnVision immunohistochemical method for the immunphenotypical pattern of FL and RHF.Results Among 50 FL cases , there were 24 male cases and 26 female cases, with median age of 50 years old (10-80 years old), including 32 cases (64 ％) involved predominantly neck lymph nodes.The histologic grades were 1-2 in 16 cases (32 ％) and ≥3 in 34 cases (68 ％).CD20, CD10 and bcl-6 were positive in NF tissues of FL, with irregular forms of NF and loss of the mantle area without clear demarcation, and infiltrating to NF, irregular shape and no clear perimeter.The bcl-2 was positive in all of grade 1-2 NF, and it was positive in 68 ％ (23/34) cases and was partial or total negative in 32 ％ (11/34) cases in grade≥3 NF.Those were poorly demarcated contours.The Ki-67 proliferative index of NF were ＜30 ％ in grade 1-2, and ＞30 ％ in grade ≥ 3, with the highest to 90 ％.In FL, the CD21 staining result showed follicular dendritic cells (FDC) network were synchronized with NF, and in some cases of grade ≥ 3, the FDC network were ruptured.In RHF, the CD20 was positive for round or oval nodules with clear demarcation.The CD10, bcl-6 and CD21 were positive and bcl-2 was negative in all germinal center without invasive immunophenotype.The Ki-67 index was high in germinal center, and sometimes polarity may be seen.Conclusion The immunophenotypical differences between FL and RHF include invasive characteristics, loss of follicular mantle area and germinal center pattern in the NF, while the normal follicular immunophenotype in the RHF.

Utticaceae includes about 1300 species in 47 genera which largely spread in wet tropical regions,and 341 species in 25 genera are in China.Some species are used in Chinese folk medicine.So far,studies on chemistry and pharmacology of Urticaceous plants are mainly focused on nettle of Urtica L.In this review,the chemical researches on 35 new compounds and related pharmacological effects of the plants in Urticaceae reported during2000-2010 are described.The 35 new compounds belong to the classes of lignan,secolignan,norlignan,flavonoid,alkaloid,sesquiterpenoid,triterpenoid,sterol,and sphingolipid.The main bioactivities include cytotoxic,antitumor,antimicrobial,antifungal,anti-BPH,anti-HIV,antidiabetic,hypolipidemic,5α-reductase inhibitory,hair regrowth promotion,and anti-oxidative activities.