Objective To elucidate the mechanism of inflammation in vascular endothelial cells induced by hypochlorite-modified albumin (HOCl-Alb). Methods HOCl-Alb-induced NADPH oxidase activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was measured by lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence. Phosphorylation of p47phox and binding of p47phox and p22phox were measured with immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Membrane translocation of p47phox was measured with immunofluorescence. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) mRNA and protein expression in the presence or absence of apocynin, respectively. Results Co-incubation of HUVEC with HOClAlb resulted in the enhancement of NAIDPH oxidase activity in time- and dose-dependent manner.Compared with bovine serum albumin group, exposure of the cells with 200 mg/L HOCl-Alb for 15min resulted in a 6.16-fold increase in NADPH oxidase activity. Phosphorylation and membrane translocation of p47phox and binding of it with p22phox were also induced by HOCl-Alb. ICAM-1expression was up-regulated after exposure to HOCl-Alb and this effect was significantly abolished by apocynin, a specific inhibiter of NADPH oxidase, in dose-dependent manner. Preincubation of the cells with 500 μmol/L apocynin inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 protein induced by HOClAlb by 68.97% (P＜0.01). Conclusion NADPH oxidase plays a central role in HOCl-Albmediated ICAM-1 expression and provides a mechanism for HOCl-Alb-related vascular endothelial inflammation.

Aim To study the protective effects of SEP on the hypertrophic myocardial cells induced with high glucose and high insulin and the mechanism. Methods The protein content was assayed with Lowrys meth-od;the cardiomyocytes area was measured by computer photograph analysis system;the expression of ANF and PPAR-α was determined by RT-PCR;APS was select-ed as control drug. Results Compared with conctrol group,the protein content,cardiomyocytes area and the expression of ANF and PPAR-α of high glucose and high insulin group were significantly increased. Com-pared with conctrol group,the SEP of different dosages were able to decrease the protein content, area, the expression of ANF mRNA and PPAR-α mRNA of cul-tured hypertrophic myocadial cells induced with high glucose and high insulin. Conclusion SEP can pre-vent cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by high glu-cose and high insulin, which is related to its inhibition on PPAR-α signaling path.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of collagenase chemolysis after 1,2,3 years and analyse the relationship between the therapeutic effect and image features. Probing the image features for the indication, 1 254 patients with integral data who received collagenase chemolysis procedure were followed. Methods According to standard unification diagnostic criteria and therapeutic method, 1 254 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc herniation who had intergral data and received collagenase chemolysis from January 1996 to January 1999 in our department were followed up (by visit, letter or telephone call etc). The therapeutic effects of collagenase chemolysis after 1,2,3 years were evaluated with unified therapeutic effect criteria. Results For the simple lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, 1 year effective rate was 93.1%, 2 year effective rate 90.3% and 3 year effective rate 90.9%. Conclusions The simple lumbar intervertebral disc herniation is the absolute indication of collagenase chemolysis, but those combined with other factors dosen't adapt to collagenase chemolysis.

SUMMARY Hemophilia A is aninherited bleeding disorder, lack of coagulation factorⅧ( FⅧ) , and if combined with intracranial malignant tumor, the operation risk is very high. Department of Pediatric Sur-gery in Peking University First Hospital used coagulation factor replacement therapy, succeeded in the operation of 2 cases of intracranial malignant tumor with hemophilia A in children, with no abnormal bleeding events. The establishment of the multi subject cooperation group before operation, good preoper-ative preparation, enough alternative factors, and close postoperative monitoring, are the key to the suc-cessful treatment.

Objective:To study the clinical features and treatment outcome of AIDS associated oral candidiasis.Methods:The clinical data of 31 cases with AIDSassociated oral candidiasis from 201209 to 201303 were studied retrospectively,including general data,clinical features,oral manifestation,CD4 cell count,opportunistic infections,and antifungal therapy outcome,etc.Results:CD4cell count ＜200 cell/μl was found in 30 cases,AIDSrelated multiple opportunistic infection was observed in 29 cases.30 cases hadpseudomembranous candidiasis,1 cases had erythematous candidiasis and 2 cases had pseudomembranous candidiasis with angular candidiasis.After antifungal treatment,the lesion of 8 cases reduced,that of 23 cases disappeared completely,lesion relapse after drugwithdrawal happened in 3 cases.Conclusion:AIDSassociated oral candidiasis was more common in AIDS patients with CD4 ＜200cells/μl,the main clinical form is pseudomembranous type,and with multiple opportunistic infections.The antifungal treatment is effective for the patients.

BACKGROUND:The anesthesia process is required strict in establishing rabbit models of ileal neobladder. It is required for cleaning operation field, quick postoperative recovery, and the choice of anesthetics and anesthesia does not influence smooth muscle peristalsis. OBJECTIVE:To compare the anesthetic effects between urethane and chloral hydrate in rabbits with ileal neobladder. METHODS:Eighteen rabbits were randomly assigned to urethane and chloral hydrate groups, and were respectively anesthetized with 20% urethane 5 mL/kg and 10% chloral hydrate 2 mL/kg through the ear vein. Double ureter was dissociated at 1 cm outside original bladder, and 15 cm-intestine obtained from 10 cm of ileocecal junction was implanted so as to establish models of ileal neobladder. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Heart rates were significantly lower compared with these before anesthesia in al cases (P≤ 0.05), but no differences were detected between two groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the chloral hydrate group, the maintain time and recovery time were longer and the mortality rate was higher in the urethane group. Above data indicated that chloral hydrate is a safe long-acting anesthetic in establishing rabbit models of ileal neobladder.

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of chlorogenic acid in allergic rhinitis(AR) mice.Methods The model of AR mice was induced by intraperitoneal injection of adjuvant suspension on every other day for 7 times, and then by nasal drip of 10% OVA for 10 days.After administration with 50, 100, 200 mg/kg of chlorogenic acid for 30 min, AR mice were attacked locally for 10 days.Behavior analysis were observed and the effect of chlorogenic acid on the contents of cytokines, IgE and histamine by ELISA in AR mice were determined.Results Chlorogenic acid decreased the number of nose-scratching events in 10min, the weight of nosal draingage, the index of spleen, the content of IL-4 in nasal lavage fluid ( NLF) and the contents of cytokines, IgE and histamine in serum; while increased the index of thymus, the content of IFN-γin NLF, the contents of IFN-γin serum and the rate of IFN-γ/IL-4.The data showed a statistically significant up-regulation of IFN-γmRNA expressions and down-regulation of IL-4 mRNA, IL-5 mRNA, IL-10 mRNA expressions after adiminstration of chlorogenic acid.Conclusion Chlorogenic acid might exert the effect in AR mice through regulating the balance of Th1 and Th2.

Objective To investigate the efficiency of the modified posterolateral curved incision with double intermuscular approach in the treatment of posterolateral tibial plateau fractures.Methods From August 2009 to March 2013,15 men and 17 women aged 28 to 77 (mean,46.25) years with posterolateral spitting or collapse tibial plateau fractures were treated to undergo a modified posterolateral approach.All types of fractures were closed,without nerve or artery injury.The duration from injury to fixation was 3-18 (mean,7.13) days.The modified posterolateral approach was preformed to expose tibial anterolateral condyle and posterolateral condyle through intermuscular space of anterior tibial muscle,popliteus muscle and soleus muscle.After open reduction,anterolateral fractures and posterolateral fractures were fixed by the T-shaped plate and Golf shaped plate respectively.Results All of the 32 patients were followed up from 6 months to 36 months (in average of 15.3 months).Postoperative X-ray showed satisfied fractures without obvious collapse of the articular surface.At the last follow-up,the Rasmussen scores were range from 6 to 18 (in average of 14.06),namely 14 cases excellent,15 cases good,3 cases fair.The knee joint functions were evaluated according to HSS.The HSS results showed that there were 12 cases excellent,16 cases good,3 cases fair and 1 case bad.None of the cases suffered from injuries of crucial blood vessel or nerves.No incision necrosis,wound infection or fixation failure occurred during follow-up.Conclusion Open reduction and internal fixation via modified posterolateral approach can expose posterolateral and anterolateral tibial plateau fracture in one incision.Fibular head osteotomy can be avoided.The present approach could also reduce surgical injury,minimize the possibilities of incision necrosis or plate exposure.The modified posterolateral approach can be recommended in clinical practice.

AIM To investigate the effects and mechanism of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by urocortin. METHODS The cardiomyocytes were divided into 8 groups: normal control, urocortin, staurosporine(Sta), verapamil(Ver), H89, urocortin+Sta, urocortin+Ver, and urocortin+H89 groups. The cardiomyocytes diameter was measured by computer photograph analysis system. The protein synthetic rate was obtained through measuring the incorporation of [~3H]-leucine into myocyte protein by liquid scintillation method. The total protein content was assayed by Lowry method. The expression of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) was determined by Western blot. [Ca~(2+)]_i transient was measured by Till image system by cell loading Fura-2/AM. RESULTSUrocortin group enhanced cardiomyocyte volume, protein synthesis, total protein content and expression of ANP by 30.9%, 36.3%, 35.5% and 34.7%;urocortin+Sta group decreased cardiomyocyte diameter, protein synthesis, total protein content and expression of ANP by 16.5%, 22.1%, 18.1% and 21.3%;urocortin+H89 group decreased the cardiomyocyte diameter, the protein synthesis,total protein content and expression of ANP by 16.6%, 21.5%, 19.5% and 20.6%;urocortin+Ver decreased the cardiomyocyte diameter, the protein synthesis, total protein content and the expression of ANP by 17.1%, 20.9%, 17.9% and 19.9%;Sta, H89 and Ver could decrease the [Ca~(2+)]_i transient induced by urocortin. CONCLUSION The hypertrophic effect of urocortin in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes is mediated via activation of protein kinase C and protein kinase A pathway and L-type calcium channels.