Objective To explore the anxious condition and the influencing factors of chronic hepatitis B patients, and to take appropriate care measures. Methods Self-designed questionnaire for general information of patients, a comprehensive Zung self-rating depression scale(SDS)and Zung self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)were used to investigate 100 patients with chronic hepatitis B patients(the study group), and the results were compared with 80 normal persons(the control group). Results The SDS and SAS score of the study group was significantly higher than the control group. The negative emotion factors of the study group included social context, family, education, self- respect. Conclusions Patients with chronic hepatitis B has obvious negative mood, and are influenced by many kinds of factors. Strengthening the comprehensive psychological intervention can improve the negative emotional state, and promote rehabilitation of patients.

Objective To investigate the early prediction,diagnosis and treatment of thoracic injury complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods The blood gas,occurrence index of traumatic ARDS,pathogenic bacteria and drug sensitivity in ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) were analyzed retrospectively in 18 cases of thoracic injury.Results The initial PaCO 2 was (32.1?5.2) mm Hg,PaO 2 (57.7?10.1) mm Hg,the occurrence index of traumatic ARDS (-29.00?11.50) and the mechanical ventilation time 6.4 days on average.Of the infective bacterium of VAP,gram negative bacterium took up 70.6%, gram positive bacterium 17.10%,fungus 12.30% and the mixed infection 31.60% with the total mortality of 16.6%.Conclusion The occurrence index of traumatic ARDS can be used as a parameter of the early prediction and outcome.Meanwhile multiple injuries and shock should be treated correctly,ventilator applied earlier and the mechanical ventilation time shortened.It suggests that more attention should be paid to the prevention of VAP and the reasonable use of antibiotic drugs.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between ultrasonic elasticity score ,elasticity coefficient and autoimmune thyroid function in patients with HT ( hashimoto thyroiditis ) .Methods: Used GE LOGIQ3 type Color Doppler Ultrasound Diagnostic System to acquire satisfactory elastosonography from 216 patients with HT,and evaluated the elasticity score and elasticity coefficient;to detecte the thyroid function and the titer of Thyroid peroxidase antibody ( TPOAb ) , Thyroid globulin antibody ( TgAb ) by chemiluminescence ,respectively investigated the correlation between ultrasonic elasticity score , elasticity coefficient and autoimmune thyroid function.Results:Serum Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),TGA and TPO in 216 patients with HT increased significantly , TgAb and elastic coefficient were positively correlated , r=0.54 , P<0.01;TgAb and elasticity score were positively correlated , r=0.496 ,P<0.01;TPOAb and elastic coefficient were positively correlated ,r=0.77 ,P<0.01 ,TPOAb and elasticity score were positively correlated,r=0.73,P<0.01.Conclusion: Real-time ultrasound elastography in combination with measurement of autoimmune thyroid function was helpful to diagnosis of HT .

BACKGROUND: Excessive nitric oxide (NO) release can cause the occurrence and development of brain injury and senile dementia due to the apoptosis induction role of NO at high concentration to nerve cells. Therefore one strategy to prevent and treat senile dementia is inhibiting the apoptosis induced by NO.OBJECTIVE: To observe whether acidic peptide will inhibit the neuron apoptosis caused by NO. DESIGN: An cell and molecule observation experiment by comparisons. SETTING: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Basic Medical College in Zhengzhou University and the Second Laboratory of Biological Active Peptide Institute in Zhengzhou University. MATERTALS: The experiment was performed between May 2003 and May 2005, in the Second Laboratory of Biological Active Peptide Institute in Zhengzhou University and the cell culture room of Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Basic Medical College in Zhengzhou University. The newborn SD male rats within 24 hours after birth were provided by the Animal Center of Henan Province (410117).METHODS: On day 11 of primary cultures, hippocampus neurons of the newborn SD rats were pretreated with different dosages of acidic peptide for six hours. Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) of 50 μmol/L final concentration was added to the cells which were incubated for another 24 hours. Cells were collected and adopted in this experiment of five different groups, namely normal control group, group treated with SNP, group of SNP plus 0.037 5 mg/mL acidic peptide, group of SNP plus 0.075 mg/mL acidic peptide, group of SNP plus 0.15 mg/mL acidic peptide. The cell's survival rate wasmeasure by methyl thiazolyl (MTT) method; The neurofilament protein was stained with the method of immunohisto chemistry. The shape of apoptosis was display with acridine orange fluorescent stain. Then DNA ladder zone of apoptosis cells was analyzed with the method of agarose gel electrophoresis. Western Blot and absorbance scan were used to determine the expression level of Bcl-2 protein and Bax protein.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Experimental result of cell survival rate with MTT method;②Observation results of nuclear type of apoptosis; ③DNA electrophoresis analysis of apoptosis; ④Western Blot analysis results of Bcl-2 protein and Bax protein.RESULTS: ①Neuron survival rate was 58.9％ for group treated with SNP, 70.0％ for group of SNP plus 0.037 mg/mL acidic peptide, 72.8％ for group of SNP plus 0.075 mg/mL acidic peptide, and 75.3％ for group of SNP plus 0.15 mg/mL acidic peptide. ②Observation results of nuclear type of apoptosis: Significant characteristics of apoptosis were seen in group treated with SNP. The nucleus of hippocampus neuron treated with different concentrations of acidic peptide plus SNP was similar to that of normal control group in morphology. ③The results of DNA electrophoresis analysis of apoptosis: Only the neuron DNA of group treated with SNP showed clear characteristic DNA ladder zone of apoptosis on agarose gel electrophoresis. ④Analysis results of Bcl-2 protein and Bax protein with Western Blot and absorbance scan: The expression level of Bcl-2 protein in SNP treated group was decreased while that of Bcl-2 protein was increased. Bcl2 protein levels in acidic peptide plus SNP group were increased and Bax protein levels were decreased gradually with the increasing concentrations of acidic peptide compared with SNP treated group. CONCLUSION: Acidic peptide can inhibit neuron apoptosis, increase expression level of neuron Bcl-2 protein and decrease expression level of neuron Bax protein.

Matrix metalloproteinase 3 is one of matrix metalloproteinase family members, which degrades a wide range of components of the extracellular matrix and participates in tissue morphogenesis, wound healing and inflammation. In addition, matrix metalloproteinase 3 is involved in pathogenesis and progress of a spectrum of diseases and malignant tumors, such as rheumatic arthritis, arteriosclerosis, breast cancer, and so on. Recent studies have demonstrated that matrix metalloproteinase 3 may be a novel signaling proteinase from apoptotic neuronal cells to microglia, which results in degeneration of neurons in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease by activating microglia. There is also an association between genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase 3 at promoter region 5A/6A and susceptibility of myocardial infarction. Decrease in serum concentration of matrix metalloproteinase 3 after myocardial infarction may be a useful parameter for diagnosing sudden death due to myocardial infarction in forensic practice. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase 3 varies with different types of brain injuries, suggesting that it may contribute to synaptic plasticity during functional recovery. To elucidate the time-dependent expression of matrix metalloproteinase 3 may provide a new way for wound age determination in the brain.

Objective To investigate the self-efficacy for the nursing activities of nurses in the operation room and explore the ways of improving the self-efficacy of nursing activities of nurses in the operation room.Methods 160 nnrses in the operation rooms of four hospitals in Binzhou city were chosen as the observation group.160 non-operation room nurses in these four hospitals were chosen as the control group.The self-efficacy of nursing activities questionnaires were used to survey the self-efficacy of nurses.According to the analysis of survey results,measures to improve the self-efficacy of nursing activities were discussed.Results The self-efficacy scores for 160 operation room nurses were lower than those non-operation room nurses.Among 5 dimensions,nursing skill was with the lowest score in 160 nurses who had been investigated.The difference of self-efficacy scores of care activities for nurses in operation rooms of different hospitals was significant.Conclusions Nursing activity in the operation room has its own specialty.The self-efficacy of nursing activities was lower than non-operation room nurses generally,especially in nursing skills.Improving leadership and working environment of nurses,giving positive social support and re-education programs are the scientific ways to improve self-efficacy of nursing activities in the operation room.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor(G-CSF) on murine thymic emigration and subsets reconstitution after a sublethal dose of irradiaton.Methods Female BALB/c mice were irradiated with a 6.0 Gy of γ-ray total-body irradiation and then randomly divided into GCSF group and control group.For mice in the GCSF group,recombinant human G-CSF 100 μg · kg-1 · d-1 was injected subcutaneously once daily for 14 continuous days and mice in the control group were given the same volume of phosphate buffered solution (PBS).At 7,14,21 and 28 days later,mice were killed and thymus mononuclear cell suspension were analyzed by flow cytometry for the percentage of the four stages of thymic CD4 -CD8 - double negative cells (DN1-4) and the CD4 + CD8 + double positive ( CD4 + CD8 + DP),CD4 + CD8 - single positive ( CD4 + SP),CD4 -CD8 + single positive cells (CD8 + SP).Real-time PCR was used for detection and quantitation of murine T cell receptor rearrangement excision circles(sjTRECs) of the thymic cells of 30 and 60 d after irradiation.Results The percentage of thymic DN1 cells in GCSF group was significantly higher than that of the control group 7 d after irradiation (t =9.59,P ＜ 0.05 ).21 d later,the proportion of thymic DN3 and DN4 cells were higher than those of the control group ( t =16.37,7.6,P ＜ 0.05 ).The percentage of thymic CD4 + CD8 + DP cells decreased 7 d after irradiation,increased at 14 d,decreased again at 21 days,and then got a permanent recover.The percentage of thymic CD4 + CD8 + DP cells in the GCSF group recovered to normal and was significantly higher than that of the control group 28 days after irradiation (t =12.22,P＜ 0.05).The percentage of thymic CD8 + SP cells of the GCSF group was significantly higher than that of the control group 21 d after irradiation ( t =3.77,P ＜ 0.05 ),while G-CSF had no obvious influence on the percentage of the thymic CD4 + SP cells.The sjTRECs copies in the GCSF group was significantly higher than that of the control group 30 d after irradiation ( t =5.95,P ＜ 0.01 ),which disappeared 60 d later.Conclusions G-CSF could promote the proliferation and differentiation of thymic DN and DP cells,enhance the recent thymic emigrants and accelerate central immunologic reconstitution after acute irradiation.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF), with unknown pathogeny, is an interstitial lung disease.The pathological features are diffuse epithelial-cell lesion, fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation and excessive extracellular matrix deposition.CXCR4 is the predominant chemokine receptor on fibrocytes;CXCL12 is the only ligand of CXCR4.A large number of studies have shown that CXCL12/CXCR4 biological axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Under the regulation of hypoxia, HIF-1α and PI3K-Akt-mTOR path, CXCL12/CXCR4 biological axis promotes lung fibroblast proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, resulting in development and progression of IPF.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factor(G-CSF) on central and peripheral lymphocyte subset reconstitution after a sublethal dose of irradiation. Methods Sixty female BALB/c mice were given a 6.0 Gy γ-ray total body irradiation (TBI) and randomly divided into 2 equal groups. The mice in G-CSF + TBI group were injected subcutaneously with recombinant human G-CSF 100 μg·kg-1·d-1 for 14 d and the mice in TBI group were injected subcutaneously with the same volume of phosphate buffered solution (PBS) once daily for 14 d. 7,14,21, and 28 d later the mice were killed and their thymus were taken out to prepare of the mononuclear cell suspension to analysis the percentage of thymic CD4 + CD8 + double positive, CD4 +CD8 - single positive, CD4 - CD8 + single positive and CD4 - CD8 - double negtive cells by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the caudal vein twice a week, and the white blood cell(WBC) counts and absolute number of lymphocytes were assessed by automatic hemocyte analyzer. 14,28, and 60 d later blood samples were collected from angular vein to examine the peripheral lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry. Cell counting kit-8 was used to detect lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or concanavalin A (ConA) stimulated splenic lymphocyte proliferation. Results The percentage of thymic CD4 + CD8 +double positive cells decreased 7 d after irradiation, rebounded at 14 d, decreased again at 21 d, and then got a permanent recovery. 28 d after irradiation the percentage of thymic CD4 + CD8 + double positive cells in the G-CSF + TBI group recovered to normal and was significantly higher than that of the TBI group (t =12. 22, P < 0. 05). 21d after irradiation the percentage of thymic CD4-CD8 + single positive cells of the G-CSF + TBI group was significantly higher than that of the TBI group (t = 3.77, P < 0. 05). The peripheral WBCs and lymphocytes decreased to the lowest levels 7 d after irradiation and then gradually increased, however, WBCs and lymphoeytes of the G-CSF + TBI group began to recover earlier and faster than the TBI group. The proportion of CD3 + CD8 + T cells of the G-CSF + TBI group was significantly higher than that of the TBI group 14 and 60 d after irradiation (t =4. 31,5.78, P <0.05). But there was no significant difference in the proportion of CD3 + CD4 + T cells between the two groups. The proportion of B lymphoeytes of the G-CSF + TBI group was significantly lower than that of the TBI group 14 d after irradiation(t =7.30, P <0.05), but it recovered quickly, and there were no significant differences in the proportion of B lymphoeytes between the two groups 28 and 60 d after irradiation. The proliferation indexes of splenic lymphocytes in response to LPS and ConA in the G-CSF + TBI group were 4. 37 and 2.98 times higher than those in the TBI group 14 d after irradiation. Conclusions G-CSF could accelerate the recovery of central and peripheral lymphocyte subsets, raise the absolute number of lymphocytes, and enhance their proliferative function, which contributes to the central and peripheral immune reconstitution after acute irradiation.