Objective To explore the effects of ultraviolet on DNA damage in keratinocytes and to observe the protective role of resveratrol for the cells. Methods Comet assay was employed to evaluate the damage after radiation with different doses of UV rays (UVA, UVB and UVC) of 0, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 90 mJ/cm2, and the effects after pretreatment with various concentrations of resveratrol under irradiation with 30 mJ/cm2. Results UVA irradiation (0 ~ 90 mJ/cm2) had no significant effects on HaCaT cells. However, TailDNA%, TailLength, CometLength, TailMoment and OliveTailMoment showed both UVB and UVC induced DNA damage in a dose-de-pentent manner. UVC was more harmful than UVB at the same dose. Conclusions The DNA breakage induced by UVB and UVC is dose-dependent. As compared with UVB, UVC is more harmful to HaCaT cells. Resveratrol exerts a protective effect in HaCaT cells irradiated by UVB or UVC.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is the first liver disease which has proved responsive to gluc()orticoids,and the standard therapeutic method is hormone combined with azathioprine.Given that some patients fail to reach the standard of immunosuppressive therapy,and the long-term use of immunosuppressive therapy has many adverse effects,it is necessary to reasonably use anti-inflammatory and liver-protecting drugs to minimize the dose of immunosuppressants,control liver inflammation,reduce the damage of liver cells,and delay the progression of the disease.This paper reviews the advances in the application of anti-inflammatory and liver-protecting drugs in the treatment of AIH,in order to help clinicians make rational decisions.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Shenmai injection(SMI)on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)and it's possible mechanism.Methods 45 neonates with HIE were randomly divided into the SMI treatment group and routine treatment group.At the basic of routine treatment,the SMI treatment group was treated with 10 ml SMI added into 10% GS 30~50 ml via injecting into veins once a day for 7~10 d.The levels of serum S-100?,NSE were measured at 1 d,3 d,6 d after treatment.The development quotients(DQ)was evaluated at 3-month-old infants.Results Compared with routine treatment group,symptoms of nervous system in SMI treatment group were recovered obviously faster,the hospitalization time was shorter(all P

Objective To establish the topotecan(TPT)-resistant cell line of human oophoroma (SKOV3/TPT), and to investigate its biological features. Methods To simulate the condition in clinical chemotherapy, drug resistant SKOV3/TPT cell line of human oophoroma was established by challenging SKOV3 with a large dose of TPT (2160ng/ml). Drug sensitivity was assessed by MTT assay. Light microscopy, electronic microscopy, trypan blue staining rejection, and cell counting were employed to determine the biological features of the cell line. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study the cell cycle distribution, the accumulation of intracellular drug, and the expression of P glucoprotein (Pgp). Results SKOV3/TPT cells were established successfully, and the resistance index (RI) was 10.67. They showed an obvious cross-resistance to CPT-11, MX and VCR, but still sensitive to taxol, cis-platin, VP16, MTX and 5-Fluorouracil. Comparing with the parent cells, their morphology was unchanged, but multiplication time was prolonged. The apoptosis rate and the proportion of G2+M phase cells of resistant cells were significantly higher than that of their parent cells (P

To investigate the pathogenesis of Broca-like and Wernicke-like conduction aphasia. Methods 7 cases with Broca-like aphasia (Group A), 7 cases with Wernicke-like aphasia (Group B) and 10 healthy volunteers (Group C) participated in the study. Broca'sarea, Wernicke's area, and the arcuate fasciculus were analyzed by diffusion tensor imaging, and their fractional anisotropy (FA) weremeasured and compared; The fiber construction of Broca's and Wernicke's areas were also compared by diffusion tensor imaging-fibre tractography.Results In Group C, All of the FA was higher in the left hemisphere than in the right hemisphere (P<0.05); In Group A, the FA ofthe Broca's area and anterior segment of the arcuate fasciculus were less in the left than in the right hemisphere (P<0.05)； In Group B, theFA of the Wernicke's area and posterior segment of the arcuate fasciculus were less in the left than in the right (P<0.05). Conclusion Conductionaphasia results not only from arcuate fasciculus destruction, but also from disruption of the associated cortical area. A lesion involvingBroca's area and the anterior segments of the arcuate fasciculus would lead to Broca-like conduction aphasia, whereas a lesion involvedWernicke's area and posterior segments of the arcuate fasciculus would lead to Wernicke-like conduction aphasia.

Objective:To explore the structure of maternal verbal scaffolding features and develop a questionnaire on Mother's language scaffolding characteristics, so as to provide a quantitative, convenient and economical self-assessment tool for describing maternal verbal scaffolding features.Methods:On the basis of qualitative research and literature research, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 704 mothers of preschool children. After item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, a formal questionnaire was formed. Two weeks later, 106 mothers were retested to collect test-retest reliability data. Preschool children's expressive vocabulary checklist was used as external criterion.Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and Amos 21.0.Results:(1)The formal questionnaire includes 28 items with two factors-detailed support factor and control rejection factor, the internal consistency coefficients of the two factors were 0.849 and 0.811, the project load was from 0 .482 to 0 .701, and the variance contribution rate was 40.36%.(2) AMOS 21.0 was used for confirmatory factor analysis, indicating that the two-factor structure met the requirements of psychometrics.( χ 2/ df=1.96, RMSEA=0.05, NFI=0.86, CFI=0.90, IFI=0.89). (3)The results of two-factor text-retest reliability were 0.840 and 0.871 as well as the results of split-half reliability was 0.801.The internal consistency reliability was 0.740.The external validity analysis showed that the mother's education level was positively correlated with factor Ⅰ( r=0.288, P=0.000), but not with factor Ⅱ( r=-0.091, P=0.052). There was significant difference in factorⅠbetween mothers with expressive vocabulary development delay children (52.22±10.56) and non delayed children (57.71±7.51) ( t=-5.07, P=0.000). There also was a significant difference in factor Ⅱ between mothers with expressive vocabulary development delay children (37.12±10.09) and non delayed children (31.53±8.59) ( t=4.61, P=0.000). (4)There was no significant difference in the characteristics of language scaffolding between boys(factorⅠ(58.08±8.14), factorⅡ(32.86±9.51)) and girls' mothers(factorⅠ(56.93±8.20), factorⅡ(31.42±8.48)). Analysis of the sample groups showed that age did not affect the verbal scaffolding features of preschool children's mothers( F1=1.633, P1=0.181; F2=0.758, P2=0.518). Conclusion:There are two factors in the questionnaire of the verbal scaffolding features questionnaire, which meet the criteria of psychometrics.The questionnaire of the verbal scaffolding features questionnaire is suitable for evaluating the characteristics of language scaffolding of mothers of preschool children aged 3-6.

Objective:To explore the role of receptor-interaction protein 3 (RIP3) in regulating the infiltration of monocytes/macrophages into the liver in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).Methods:From January to June in 2018, at Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 10 AIH patients who underwent liver biopsy were enrolled, and at the same time, 5 age and gender matched individuals with normal liver function and hepatic cyst were selected as control. The infiltration of monocytes/macrophages in the liver tissues was observed by immunofluorescence detection in the patients with AIH and controls. Raw264.7 macrophages were divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide group and lipopolysaccharide+ RIP3 inhibitor GSK872 (GSK872) group. The expression of RIP3, mixed lineage kinase domain like pseudokinase ( MLKL), tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)- α, interleukin ( IL)-6, IL-1 β, nod-like receptor protein 3 ( NLRP3), CC motif chemokine ligand ( CCL)2 and CCL5 at mRNA levels were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Raw264.7 macrophages were also divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide group and lipopolysaccharide + dexamethasone group. The relative expression of TNF- α, NLRP3, RIP3 and MLKL at mRNA level in macrophage were detected by qPCR. Twenty-four 6-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were chosen to establish AIH mice model and were randomly divided into control group, concanavalin A (ConA) group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (6 mice in each group). After the mice were executed, the peripheral blood and liver tissues were collected. The histopathology of mice liver were observed and the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were measured. The expression of CCL2 and CC motif chemokine receptor 2 ( CCR2) at mRNA level were detected by qPCR. The proportion of macrophages in mice livers were analyzed by flow cytometry. The independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were performed for statistical analysis. Results:The percentages of CD68 positive macrophages and MAC387 positive infiltrated mononuclear macrophages in livers of AIH patients were both higher than those of controls ((0.84±0.21)% vs. (0.09±0.03)%, (0.79±0.13)% vs. (0.03±0.01)%), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=3.00 and 4.84; all P<0.05). The expression of RIP3, MLKL, TNF- α, IL-6, IL-1 β, NLRP3, CCL2 and CCL5 at mRNA level of lipopolysaccharide group were all higher than those of control group and lipopolysaccharide+ GSK872 group (1.64±0.16 vs. 1.07±0.07 and 0.63±0.11; 10.45±1.37 vs. 1.10±0.33 and 1.51±0.63; 5.43±0.59 vs. 0.94±0.06 and 2.59±0.45; 204.20±30.73 vs. 1.26 ±0.19 and 111.40±11.62; 20 848.00±362.00 vs. 1.09 ±0.26 and 10 940.00±566.60; 7.47±1.17 vs. 1.09±0.09 and 3.79±0.89; 68.03±5.15 vs. 1.14±0.19 and 14.09±2.62; 5 935.12±96.20 vs. 1.43±0.46 and 673.50±49.10), and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=3.11, 5.21, 6.65, 6.55, 7.57, 3.96, 6.60, 3.06, 8.83, 4.08, 5.46, 2.56, 12.97, 10.16, 25.34 and 14.99; all P<0.05). The expression of TNF- α, NLRP3, RIP3 and MLKL at mRNA level of lipopolysaccharide group were all higher than those of control group and lipopolysaccharide+ dexamethasone group (8.85±1.43 vs. 1.44±0.43 and 3.63±0.63; 6.42±0.86 vs. 0.99±0.12 and 2.07±0.17; 1.72±0.21 vs. 0.93±0.09 and 0.43±0.07; 6.87±0.85 vs. 1.62±0.31 and 1.41±0.29), and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=4.95, 3.33, 6.24, 4.95, 3.04, 5.11, 5.77 and 6.07, all P<0.05). The mice liver of ConA group showed obviously inflammatory cells infiltration and hepatocytes necrosis. The serum ALT and AST levels of ConA group were both higher than those of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group ((2 569.00±45.44) U/L vs. (49.38±9.07), (103.00±14.07) and (759.30±34.99) U/L; (3 335.00±88.79) U/L vs. (108.50±18.10), (460.00±97.40) and (1 573.85±36.06) U/L), the serum ALT and AST levels of ConA+ dexamethasone group were both lower than those of ConA+ GSK872 group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=5.54, 5.42, 3.90, 4.63, 4.16, 3.79, 6.70 and 2.71; all P<0.05). The expression of CCL2 and CCR2 at mRNA levels in mice liver of ConA group were both higher than those of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (92.64±10.57 vs. 0.78±0.15, 5.64±1.00 and 9.47±2.06; 5.73±0.39 vs. 0.98±0.22, 2.18±0.22 and 2.98±0.33), and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=7.66, 7.24, 5.87, 8.71, 8.58 and 5.45; all P <0.01). The proportion of CD45 + CD11b + F4/80 + total macrophages and CD45 + CD11b hiF4/80 lo infiltrated macrophages in mice livers of ConA group were both higher than those of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (0.86±0.02 vs. 0.73±0.03, 0.68±0.02 and 0.72±0.03; 0.56±0.02 vs. 0.08±0.02, 0.11±0.01 and 0.08±0.01), however the proportion of CD45 + CD11b loF4/80 hi liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) was lower than those that of control group, ConA+ dexamethasone group and ConA+ GSK872 group (0.24±0.03 vs. 0.58±0.04, 0.52±0.07 and 0.56±0.07), and the differences were all statistically significant ( t=4.27, 5.90, 3.89, 18.70, 19.87, 20.52, 7.35, 3.82 and 3.87, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The number of macrophages incread in the livers of AIH patients. RIP3 signaling mediates the migration of monocytes/macrophages infiltration in immune hepatitis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for AIH.

To meet the need of cultivating high-quality medical talents for the 21 century,enlighten the thoughts and strengthen the practice and operation ability of medical students,we have probed and reformed our teaching methods in human parasitology for basic medicine students directing at the weak points in our traditional teaching.Moreover,we have conducted the survey among the students for three years on end so as to provide a consultation for improving our teaching methods and quality.

Objective To study the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling ( SOCS ) in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis( PBC),the levels of SOCS protein and the changes of function of dendritic cell(DC) were respectively observed from PBC patients.MethodsThe study population consisted of 10 patients of PBC and 8 healthy controls.Phenotypic analysis of cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)-derived DC was performed by flow cytometry (FCM),such as CD83,CD86 and human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR).The levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10),interferon-γ( IFN-γ) and IL-12 in culture supematant of DC were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ).The protein levels of SOCS1 and SOCS3 were detected by Western blot ( WB ).The features of changes in these parameters were analyzed between the two groups.ResultsThe expression of CD83,CD86 and HLA-DR in PBC patients were ( 79.4 ± 4.8 ) ％,( 86.5 ± 6.3 ) ％ and (90.0 ± 3.5 ) ％,which were significantly higher than those in healthy control group[ (68.3 ±4.1 )％,(74.2 ±6.3)％ and (83.6 ±7.6)％ ],respectively (t =5.340,4.120,2.514,P ＜0.05).The levels of IL-12 and IFN-γin PBC patients were (53.5 ± 11.1)and (32.0 ±9.0) ng/L,which were significantly higher than those in healthy control group[ (32.1 ± 10.7) and (15.4 ± 8.1 ) ng/L; t =4.123,3.818,P ＜ 0.01 ].There were not any significant difference of IL-10 level between PBC patients [ (7.0 ± 4.6) ng/L ] and the healthy controls [ ( 5.8 ± 4.2) ng/L; t =0.563,P ＞ 0.05 ].The proteins levels of SOCS1 and SOCS3 in PBMC-derived DC from PBC group were decreased significantly than those in healthy control group.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the PBMC-derived DC in PBC patients has greater ability of potent maturation and antigen presentation function.The decreased expression of SOCS levels may be associated with the excessive immunological reaction and the breakdown of self-tolerance.

In the last decade, along with the development of taxonomy research in marine-derived actinobacteria, more and more halogenated natural products were discovered from marine actinobacteria. Most of them showed good biological activity and unique structure compared to those from land. The special halogenation mechanism in some compounds' biosynthesis has drawn great attention. So in this review, we focus on the halogenated natural products from marine actinobacteria and their halogenation mechanisms.