Objective To study the imaging features of primary mediastinal cysts,and to improve the diagnostic ability of these diseases.Methods The imaging findings of primary mediastinal cysts proved by pathlolgy in 42 cases were retrospectively.All of cases underwent posteroanterior and lateral views of chest.The plain and contrast-enhanced CT scans were performed in 28 and 15 cases.MRI examination was done in 6 cases.The location,size,shape,density,edge,wall and adjacent structures of the primary mediastinal cysts were observed.According to imaging features all of cases was divided into typical group and atypical group.Results The mediastinal cysts were located in anterior mediastinum in 28 cases,in middle mediastinum in 7 cases,in posterior mediastinum in 7cases.Bronchogenic cyst was in 9 cases.Cystic lymphangioma was in 4 cases.Thymic cyst was in 11 cases.Pericardial cyst was in 5 cases.Mature cystic teratoma was in 13 cases.The typical group was in 38 cases.The atypical group was in 4 cases.Conclusion 90% of the typical primary mediastinal cysts can be diagnosed.The final diagnosis of the atypical group desponds on pathology.

BACKGROUND: Experiments have demonstrated that autologous vascular endothelial cells if transplanted onto artificial vascular cavosurface, can enhance the patency rate of vasotransplantation. Whether seeding of prostheses interposition grafts with bone marrow-derived endothelial cells is effective for in vivo endothelialization of artificial vessels remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of endothelialization of vascular prosthesis by seeding prostheses interposition grafts with bone marrow-derived endothelial cells in animals.DESIGN: A controlled animal experimental study.SETTING: Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital.MATERIALS: This study was carried out in the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital between September 2000 and October 2001. Twenty hybrid dogs from Shanghai, of either gender, aged 1.0 to 2.0 years old, weighing (18.7±2.3) kg, were involved in this study.METHODS: Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were isolated from the dogs. The endothelialization of ePTFE prostheses interposition grafts (4 mm×4 cm and 8 mm×5 cm)was carried out. Common carotid artery transplantation:Ten laboratory dogs were involved. Common carotid artery of 4 cm was resected from each dog. ePTFE prostheses interposition grafts of 4 mm×4 cm was transplanted into the bilateral common carotid artery, and prostheses interposition grafts were performed endothelialization, namely experimental group. Those prostheses interposition grafts, which were not performed endothelialization, were named as control group. Five dogs were used in each group. Patency rate and blood flow rate of transplanted vessels were detected with a color ultrasonograph 2 weeks and 2 months after operation.Inferior caval vein transplantation: Six of the rest 10 dogs were used for experiments. Under the anesthesia, 8-10 cm inferior caval vein was dissociated from each dog. Its two ends were blocked, and about 5 cm inferior caval vein was resected. ePTFE endothelialized vascular prosthesis with 8 mm in diameter and 5 cm in length was anastomosed end to end with 5-0 Prolene. The other 4 dogs were used for control experiment. ePTFE vascular prosthesis with the same specification was used as prostheses interposition graft. Vascular patency rate was determined 2 months after operation.At the same time, coverage rate and intimal thickness of transplanted vascular endothelial cells and vascular intimal thickness were determined.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The patency rate and blood flow rate of transplanted vessels at different time points. ②Coverage rate of transplanted vascular endothelial cells and vascular intimal thickness.RESULTS:① At 2 weeks and 2 months after common carotid artery transplantation, the patency rate of experimentalside was 100%(5/5)and 60%(3/5), respectively, and that of control side was 40%(2/5)and 0%(0/5), respectively. At postoperative 2 months, the mean blood flow rate in the experimental group was obviously smaller than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). At 2 months after inferior caval vein transplantation, the patency rate of experimental group and control group was 83%(5/6)and 50%(2/4), respectively. ②At 2 weeks after common carotid artery transplantation and inferior caval vein transplantation, the coverage rate of vascular endothelial cells in the experimental group was significantly larger than that in the control group, separately (P ＜ 0.05). At 2 months after each transplantation, the vascular intimal thickness in the experimental group was significantly smaller than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Seeding of ePTFE prostheses interposition grafts with bone marrow-derived endothelial cells can rapidly accomplish in vivo endothelialization and inhibit intimal hyperplasy; Circulating endothelial cells, as the potential source of endothelial cells, have certain clinical application values.

Objective To reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients and improve the quality of nursing safety using tracing method. Methods The tracking methodology was used to formulate fall prevention system and implement tracking path. The tracking centered on patients with high risk of fall and included three aspects: mastery degree of nurses on fall prevention system, participation degree of patients and the implementation of first class quality control. The comparison of tracking result analysis of two quarters in 2016 helped to find out the main reason of the occurrence of falls in elderly patients, make targeted improvement measures and evaluate the effect. Results After the continuous improvement of using tracking methodology, the scores of inspection results and the mastery degree of all nurses on fall core competence in the second quarter were significantly improved when compared to the first quarter (t=23.18, 17.25;P< 0.01); the incidence of falls decreased from 13 cases (6.5%) in the first quarter to 4 cases (2.0%) in the second quarter, while patients' satisfaction degree increased from 85.5% in the first quarter to 98.5% in the second quarter with statistically significant differences between two quarters (χ2=6.38, 14.72; P< 0.01). Conclusions The application of tracing method can effectively reduce the incidence of falls in elderly patients. The method is beneficial to the long-term management of nursing quality, simple, feasible, easy to use, and worthy promoting.

0.05 ). After once injection both observers considered the number of clearly recognized endocardial border segments increased significantly. The number evaluated by observers A increased from 2.68 ? 0.95 to 5.99 ? 0.10 while from 2.82 ? 1.03 to 5.99 ? 0.11 by observers B( P 0.05 ). The average contrast enhancement rate of LV endocardial border was 99.7 %. Perfluoropropane-albumin microsphere injection had no significant effection on vital signs such as blood prssure, heart rate and respiration. Electrocardiogram didn′t change markedly and the variance of the laboratory findings like blood and urine routine examination, hepatic and renal function was in normal range. Only one case( 0.33 %) had slight side-effects who suffered from mild nausea and diarrhea, which suggested the clinical safety of this contrast agent. Conclusions Perfluoropropane-albumin microsphere injection could enhance the resolution of LV endocardial borders and make the judgement of regional myocardial movement easier. It has little side-effects and will be appropriate for clinical use.