Small conductance Ca 2+ activated potassium channels ( SK channels) are potassium selective , voltage independent, and Ca 2+ high sensitivity. SK channels are widely distributed in neurons. SK underlie the slow afterhyperpolarization , which regulate the fire of neurons by spike frequency adaptation. Three mammalian SK channels (SK 1, SK 2, SK 3) have been cloned . Ca 2+ , CaM and neurotransimitters involve in the gating of these channels. The changes of these channels may result in memory, neuromuscular disorder and schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the management tactics and developmental prospects of fair-price drug stores in China.METHODS:To analyze the advantages and disadvantages of fair-price drug stores and countermeasure.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Development of fair-price drug stores need not only support of governments but also the improvement of drug and service quality by strengthening physical distributions,renewing management methods and bringing up specialists.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of spiral CT in diagnosis of fracture of tibia plateau, to provide a reference for clinical treatment.Methods 50 cases of tibial plateau fracture were selected,they were diagnosed with X -ray and diagnostic multislice spiral CT three dimensional reconstruction scan respectively.The fracture type and so on of the two groups were compared.Results 50 patients were diagnosed as 14 cases of type Ⅰ, type Ⅱ 10 cases,Ⅲ type 6 cases,Ⅳ type 7 cases,Ⅴ type 5 cases,Ⅵ 8 cases,CT three -dimensional reconstruction diagnosis accuracy rate was 100.00%.X -ray diagnosis was accurate in 41 cases,diagnostic accuracy rate was 82.00%,the difference of two diagnostic ways was statistically significant (χ2 =8.657,P =0.000).All patients were not detected with significant artifacts,the line was good,the fracture line was blurred and visible fracture callus formation surgical outcome was good.Conclusion Spiral CT diagnosis in tibial plateau fracture has high accuracy,through clear and intuitive display morphological characteristics of the patients improves anatomical repair treatment,it is worthy of clinical application.

AIM To study the effects of H 2O 2 on transient outward potassium current METHODS Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record changes of I A in the cultured rat hippocampal neurons RESULTS After exposure to 30 ?mol?L -1 H 2O 2 for 12 h (1) decreased I A current density from (53 8?15 8) PA?PF -1 to (18 5?6 2) PA?PF -1 ( n=10,P

AIM To study the effects of propafenone on Kv 4 2 and Kv4 3 potassium current. METHODS Whole cell patch clamp technique was used to record changes of Kv4 2 and Kv4 3 potassium currents. RESULTS ① Propafenone redu ced the amplitude of Kv4 2 and Kv4 3 currents, in a concentration-dependent, IC 50 was 10 3 and 71 ?mol?L -1 respectively. ② Propafenone inhibi ted Kv4 2 and Kv4 3 current inactivation, 10 ?mol?L -1 propafenone acce lerates Kv4 2 current inactivation constant from (38 9?2 1) ms to (9 9?1 8) ms; and shifted the steady state inactivation curves of Kv4 2 current to negative potentials. 100 ?mol?L -1 Propaf enone accelerates Kv4 3 current inactivation constant from (144 8?20 8) ms t o (18 5?2 8) ms; and shifted the steady state inactivation curves of Kv4 2 c urrent to negative potentials. ③ propafenone inhibited Kv4 2 and Kv4 3 curren t activation, 10 ?mol?L -1 propafenone shifted the steady state activati on curves of Kv4 2 current to negative potentials. 100 ?mol?L -1 propafe none shifted the steady state activation curves of Kv4 2 current to negative po tentials. CONCLUSION Propafenone, maybe, also exerts its effects via blocking Kv4 2 and Kv4 3 current to antiarrhythmia.

Abstract Objective:To obtain recombinant vaccinia viruses expressed HIV-lcn subtype B gag and gag-hIL-2 chimera gene,evaluate theimmune effects in experimental mice by immunization with HIV-1 DNA vaccine,observe the immune adjuvant effect of IL-2.Metbods: HIV0-1gag and gag-hIL-2 chimera gene were inserted downstream of the combined promotor of pJ38 vector respectively and recombinant vaccinia virus-es were selected by plaque essay. Expression products were examined by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.Immune response of immunized Balb/cmice was evaluated by lymphocyte transformation test,CTL quantity change of T lymphocyte of CD4+、CD8+ and the level of serum antibody.Re-sults:Recombinant vaccinia viruses vJ38gag and vJ38gag-IL-2 were obtained and the expression were confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western-blot. Recombinant vaccinia viruses show good immune effect when immuned with HIV-1 DNA vaccine.The best strategy for immunization is therVV-primed and HIV-1 DNA vaccine-boosted group and threer times of immunization were suggested to get effective results compared withvJ38gag an incressed immune response was induced by vJ38gag-IL-2. Conclusion: HIV-1 Gag protein and IL-2 protein can be expressed invJ38gag and vJ38gag-IL-2 respectively. IL-2 show good effect to ha sued as immune adjuvant.

Objective:To isolate and identify the periodontal ligament stem cells.Methods:Periodontal ligament tissues were digested with a mixture of collagenase and Dispase,then the periodontal ligament stem cell clones were isolated by limited dilution method.The transmission electron microscopy(TEM),flow cytometery and immunohistochemistry procedure were employed to study the ultrastructure,cell cycle and surface marker of the cloned cells.Results:The obtained cells showed the characteristics of undifferentiated morphology at ultrastructural level.94.4% of the cells were in phase G_0/G_1.The cells were Vimentin,STRO-1,ON and BSP positive.Conclusion:Cloning incubation may be the effective way to isolate and purify the periodontal ligament stem cells.

Objective To explore the expression of nemo-like kinase (NLK) in primary hepatic carcino-ma (HCC) and its clinicopathological significance. Methods The expression of NLK was detected in 136 HCC samples by Immunohistochemistry. Results NLK expression was significantly up-regulated in HCC specimens compared to corresponding normal liver tissues. High expression of NLK was significantly associated with Ed-mondson-steiner grade, tumor size and number of tumor nodules (all P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between NLK and proliferation marker Ki-67 (P < 0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed the high expression NLK group was significantly associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival (all P < 0.001). Univariate analysis showed that the high expression NLK was associated with poor prognosis (P < 0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis suggested that the expressions of NLK and Ki-67 , Edmondson-steiner grade , metastasis , tu-mor size and number of tumor nodules were independent prognostic indicators for HCC. Conclusions NLK was markedly upregulated in HCC specimens, and it might be an independent prognostic marker for HCC. NLK might play an important role in tumorigenesis, progression and prognosis of HCC.

BACKGROUND: Techniques in the focal cerebral ischemia model in mice have been well developed in some foreign countries. However, rats are commonly used in cerebral ischemia studies due to resource availability in China.OBJECTIVE: To establish reliable and reproducible focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model in mouse to explore the molecular mechanism of cerebral ischemia reperfusion process in genetic level.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study.SETTING: Fundamental Medical Research Institute of Chengde Medical College. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in Fundamental Medical Research Institute of Chengde Medical College from September 2002 to May 2003. Totally 30 Kunming mice (25 to 30 g), provided by Experimental Animal Center, Chengde Medical College, were randomly grouped as follows: control group, 6, 3-hour occlusion and 18-hour, 24-hour reperfusion, with 6 mice in each group respectively.INTERVENTIONS: Nylon thread (qb0.128 mm) was soaked in paraffin wax and inserted into internal carotid artery in mouse to reversibly occlude the middle cerebral at the right side after 3 hours, then was removed, and reperfusion was performed in 18, 24 hours, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The infarct volume was observed and neurological deficit scored was analysis.of mice in operation group was shown as head turning to left, adduction of left forelimb, internal rotation of shoulder, decrease of muscular tension of left forelimb, unable to straighten completely during tail lifted. At independent activity, mice turned to left as the left hidlegs as the center of a circle; under the abdomen, left forelimb was crossed with right forelimb as scissor shape. Palsy of left limbs was observed obviously, especially forelimb.tion was shown clearly with TTC. The infarct volumes were (13±2.3) mm3 and (16±4.5) mm3 for 18 hours and 24 hours reperfusion and 3-hour ischemia, respectively. Pathological changes were observed under light microscope after ischemia. The infarct volume increased as the increasing of reperfusion time, including 3-hour blocking and 18-hour and 24-hour reperfusion.CONCLUSION: Using suture method to establish focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion model in mice, it is less invasion and trauma without requiring skull opening. Ischemia position is relatively fixed, thus, ischemia reperfusion time can be controlled precisely. It is also an ideal animal model to study pathological changes in cerebral vascular diseases and an efficient tool to study the therapeutic effect of medicine after surgery.

Objective To explore the relationship between 5-minute Apgar score and heart rate variability (HRV) in severely asphyxiated neonates. Methods A total of 103 severely asphyxiated neonates with 1-minute Apgar score of 0 to 3 points were selected. They were divided into Group A (>7 points, n=50) and Group B (≤7 points, n=53) based on 5-minute Apgar score. Meanwhile, 40 full-term neonates with 1-and 5-minute Apgar score greater than 7 points were selected as control group. 24-hour dynamic electrocardiogram was performed and HRV was analyzed on the third day after birth in three groups. Results PNN50, rMSSD, SDSD were decreased and SDNN, SDANN were increased in group B as compared with group A and control group (P<0.05). No signiifcant difference of HRV was observed between group A and control group (P>0.05). Conclusions Neonatal asphyxia can cause damage to autonomic nervous system. 5-minute Apgar score and HRV can be joint-ly used as a non-invasive index in autonomic nervous damage and its prognosis in asphyxiated newborns.