Objective:To study the influence of dietary restriction on the expression of insulin signaling pathway genes in mouse adipose tissue. Method:Twenty four C57BL/6 male mice of 2 w age were subjected to either AL (ad libitum) or DR (dietary restriction, 40% from AL) randomly until sacrificed.Then the epididymis fat pads were weighed, and their insulin signaling gene expression was detected by Oligo Insulin Signaling Pathway Microarray (SuperArray), and two of the differentially expressed genes, NPY and AKT3 were validated by Real Time PCR. Results:Dietary restriction significantly reduced the weight of epididymis fat pads and 31 (20 up, 11 down regulation) of 96 insulin signaling pathway genes were differentially expressed. The results of Microarray coincided with that of Real Time PCR. Conclusion:The differential regulation on the expressions of insulin signaling pathway gene may be the important molecular basis of dietary restriction.

[Objective]To summarize the experiences of total hip replacement with cementless joint components in the treatment of osteoarthritis secondary to acetabular dysplasia in adults and to evaluate its early effect. [Method]From March 2000 to March 2007, thirty hips in 25 adult patients with osteoarthritis secondary to acetabular dysplasia undergoing total hip replacement with cementless joint components were included in this study. Of the patients, 5 were male and 20 were female.Their ages ranged from 35 to 55 years with an average age of 55 years. The patients mainly complained of pain and claudication. According to the Hartofilakidis classification , Semi-dislocation occurred in 21 hips and high-dislocation in 9 hips.Five patients underwent bilateral total hip replacements and twenty patients had unilateral total hip replacement.[Result]The duration of follow-up ranged from 8 months to 7 years ( average 3 years and 9 months ) . The average Harris score was increased from 36.09 to 88.21 points, They could take care of themselves and returned to their previous job. All the patients were pain-free and there was no sign of aseptic looseing or subsidence.[Conclusion]Total hip replacement with cementless joint components is an effective method for the treatment of osteoarthritis secondray to acetabular dysplasia in adults.The key point to the success for operation are appropriate cementless joint components, deepened medial wall of the acetabulum and improved the techniques of bone graft in the true acetabulum.

Objective To determine whether the pressure of continuous CO 2 pheumoperitoneum (CCP) affects port site implantation of tumor cells.Methods Male SD rats were injected intraperitoneally with gastric cancer cells (cell line SGC 7901). Continuous CO 2 pneumoperitoneum at 15*!mm*!Hg or 30*!mm*!Hg for 5*!mins,60*!mins,120*!mins and 180*!mins with different number of tumor cell injection(10 4/ml, 10 6/ml respectively) was then established. Several samples of peritoneal washing served as positive control.All collecting dishes were incubated at 37℃ for one week.Results Dishes were tumor cell positive on which the tumor cells were collected from rats undergoing continuous flows of CO 2 gas (5*!L/min) at pneumoperitoneum of 30*!mm*!Hg for 60 mins or longer and all peritoneal washing samples showed tumor growth also. Conclusion It suggests that the number of tumor cells, pneumoperitoneum pressure and the duration may affect the port site implantation.

Objective To observe the effects of kidney aquaporin-2 (AQP2) expression in Lung-Qi deficiency model rats and provide experimental evidence for the traditional Chinese medical theory that the kidney is related with the lung in charge of regulating the water passage. Method Twenty healthy rats were divided into the model group and the control group. The method of immunohistochemistry and Western blot was used to determine the expression of AQP2 in kidney. RT-PCR was applied to analyze the expression of AQP2 mRNA in lung and kidney tissues. Result The expression of AQP2 and AQP2 mRNA in kidney in model group was higher than in the control group. Conclusion The expression of AQP2 in kidney was higher in Lung-Qi deficiency model rats. One of the substance basis of "lung in charge of regulating the water passage" may be related to the change of AQP2 expression in the kidney tissues.

In recent years active implantable medical devices(AIMD) are being developed rapidly. Many battery systems have been developed for different AIMD applications. These batteries have the same requirements which include high safety, reliability, energy density and long service life, discharge indication. History, present and future of batteries used in AIMD are introduced in the article.
Electric Power Supplies ; Prostheses and Implants

Objective:To use 101 Clarification Agent in clearing process of herbal extract. Methods: To compare 101 Clarification Agent with alcohol by measuring dry extract percent of herbal extract and its components GC qualitative and quantitative analyses of all Rhubarb, Hawthorn Fruit, Rhizoma chuanxiong, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Radix Astragali. Results: It was shown that dry extract percent, main components quantity of herbal extract using Clarification Agent are higher than that alcohol do.Conclusion: 101 Clarification Agent can be used to clear herbal extract instead of alcohol.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the solubility and apparent oil and water partition coefficient (lg P) of saponin H1,and provide reference for dosage form design and druggability research of saponin. METHODS:HPLC-ELSD was conducted to deter-mine the equilibrium solubility of saponin H1 in different organic solvents and pH buffer solutions;shaking flask was applied to de-termine lg P value of saponin H1. RESULTS:The equilibrium solubility of saponin H1 in water,methanol and ethanol at 25 ℃ was 0.09175 g/L,96.51 g/L and 46.89 g/L,respectively. The solubility increased apparently at high pH within pH range at 7.6-10.0;the lg P value was between 0.695-0.773 in buffers within pH range at 6.0-8.0. CONCLUSIONS:Saponin H1 and the oleanolic acid type saponins belong to low solubility, low transmission components, so it is not suitable for use as a conventional oral formulation is developed.

Objective To find out a PPM-based transcutaneous wireless bidirectional communication system for implantable medical device.Methods The wireless communication system included device implanted in the body,controller and PDA outside the body.Pulse position modulation(PPM) was used for the wireless bidirectional communication between device implanted in the body and controller outside the body.Results A PPM-based transcutaneous wireless communication system was realized.Its wireless bidirectional communication distance between device implanted in the body with titanium container and controller outside the body was over two inches.This system was with good position availability.Conclusion Pulse position modulation is successfully used for transcutaneous wireless communication system,and average power consumption for communication device implanted in the body is lowered greatly compared with ASK modulation method.At the same time,the volume of communication device implanted in the body is decreased for antenna common-using idea.

Objective To develop a programmable neuromuscular electrical stimulation system as a potential countermeasure for muscle atrophy in long-term microgravity.Methods The system was mainly composed of a controllable constant current pulse generator,wires and skin electrodes.To meet the requirements of stimulating recipes selection,the stimulating parameters could be adjusted independently and the combinatorial output of different stimulating phases should also be achieved.Results The system worked well with high accuracy outputs.The sensation,contraction,tetany and pain thresholds of all the 5 waveforms stimulating signals were measured.For different stimulating waveforms,thresholds of each state were different and the subjective sensations induced by same stimulating amplitude were dissimilar.Conclusion The developed system providing powerful programmable and accurate stimulating signals,is convenient for the selection and verification of stimulating recipes and can be used as an instrument platform for study of electrical stimulation to prevent muscle atrophy in microgravity.Volunteer experiments have proved its validation for function of muscle contraction and provide primary basses for the optimization of stimulating recipes.

Objective To investigate the clinical prediction value of chemokine CCL21 level for acute coronary syndrome.Methods Totally 212 patients receiving coronary arteriography were divided into acute myocardial infarction group(AMI,n=72),unstable angina pectoris group(UAP,n=76),and stable angina pectoris group(SAP,n=64).The serum level of chemokine CCL21 was detected by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)and the pathological changes of coronary artery were measured by Gensini scoring system.All patients were followed up for six months and the cardiovascular adverse events were recorded.Results The serum level of CCL21 was(169.72±14.64)ng/L in AMI group,(154.42±16.50)ng/L in UAP group,and(143.87±9.80) ng/L in SAP group,with statistically significant differences (F =99.818,P =0.000).Serum levels of CCL21 in ACS group and SAP group were positively correlated with Gensini score(r=0.474,P =0.000;r=0.350,P=0.049).Binary Logistic regression analysis revealed that chemokine CCL21 was an independent risk factor for predicting acute coronary syndrome (OR =1.049,P =0.022).The CCL21-judged area under the ROC curve in acute coronary syndrome group was 0.887 ± 0.028 (P =0.000),with diagnostic point of serum level of chemokine CCL21 at 159.15 ng/L,sensitivity of 0.635,specificity of 0.981.Serum level of CCL21 was higher in the patients with cardiovascular adverse events than in the patients without cardiovascular adverse events[(168.57±7.24)ng/L vs.(156.92± 6.53) ng/L],with statistically significant difference (t =16.100,P =0.000).Conclusions Serum level of chemokine CCL21 reflects the severity degree of coronary artery disease.The chemokine CCL21,as an independent and effective marker,can predict acute coronary syndrome.