In order to meet the needs of the skin venerealdiseases study direct-viewing teaching and the new curriculum reforms,and fully display the multimedia technology in the dermatology departmentteaching function,on the basis of the sixth edition of the teaching material on skin venereal diseases and in combination with the union massive pictures,theanimation as well as the correlation data,the richly colorful direct-viewing teaching coursewares were designed with abundant pictures,and the teaching effect was satisfied.Besides,some deficiencies were proposed.

This article made an in-depth analysis of the pharmaceutical system of Australia in terms of its drug regulatory authorities,drug management policies and drug benefit plans.A summary of the Australian experiences hold that health system of the Australian government boasts a smooth and clear compensation mechanism,and flexible and a drag pricing approach ensuring interests of all parties.Its decision-making emphasizes technical support and covers specific groups of people with special policies,meeting patients' drug needs to the maximum.All these practices are worthy of learning for China.

There is no a systemic performance metrics for clinical data management. While the CDMC in China starts to develop the quality metrics for clinical data management, it is essential to think over the performance and pursue metrics implementation of clinical data management in China. This article provides the basic concept, development and implementation of the performance metric in clinical data management.

Objective To investigate the common causes of hypokalemia of inpatients in department of endocrinology.Methods Fifty-nine inpatients with hypokalemia were analyzed retrospectively.Results 84.7％(50/59) of patients with hypokalemia was clearly caused by endocrine diseases,among which 33.9％ (20/59) was diabetes mellitus,25.4％ (15/59) was hyperthyreosis,others were rare endocrine diseases,for example primary hyperaldosteronism and Cushing syndrome,et al.Conclusions Endocrine disease is an important reason of hypokalemia.The doctor should attach importance to the diagnosis and treatment of hypokalemia caused by endocrine disease.

Objective To analysis the effective ingredients in Huanglianjiedu decoction under different decocting conditions. Methods The detecting method of HPLC was established and the ingredients in Huanglianjiedu decoction under different decocting time and times were analyzed. Result Water- soluble glycoside of gardenoside and baicalin reached balance of dissolution within 20 min and their dissolution rate were about 82% and 60% respectively. Water-soluble alkaloids of berberine and palmatine reached balance of dissolution within 30 min and their dissolution rate were about 45%. The dissolution rate of wogonin was 31% at 60 min. The dissolution rate of Crocin-Ⅰ reached top at 20 min and fell down after 20 min. Decocting times for fat-soluble constitutes was more important than water-soluble constitutes. Conclusion The decocting condition has effect on the dissolution rate and stability of the ingredients in Huanglianjiedu decoction. The decocting condition is very important to the quality control of decoction.

Objective To investigate the effect of clearing away heat and activating blood decoctions on salivary gland function of patients with Sj?gren's Syndromes (SS). Methods 24 cases of SS (SS group) and 7 cases of normal control (normal group) were tested with salivary gland scintigraphy using 99mTCO4-, and 11 cases of patients were re-tested after treatment. Results The introjection fraction (IF) of salivary gland had no statistical difference between the two groups, while the evacuation fraction (EF) was lower in SS group than in normal group (P

Objective To evaluate the role of transanal ileus tube decompression in the management of malignant obstruction of left-sided colon. Methods With the help of colonoscopy and radiography, 11 cases of left-sided malignant colonic obstruction were treated with transanal ileus tube insertion into the proximal obstruction site for the decompression of the dilated bowel. Curative effects were evaluated according to patient’s symptom relief, bowel sounds, abdominal circumference, intra-abdominal pressure, and plain abdominal radiography. Results Symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction were relieved in all the 11 cases after ileus tube decompression for 3~5 days. Laparoscopic or open primary colectomy was performed in 7 patients with resectable tumor. Postoperative follow-up observations for 1~18 months (median, 11 months) showed no complications like anastomotic leakage. Conclusions Transanal ileus tube decompression in the management of malignant obstruction of left-sided colon is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the safety of laparoscopic resection for giant abdominal benign mass.Methods Six cases of giant abdominal benign mass(8～25 in diameter)underwent laparoscopic exploration and resection under general anesthesia from July 2005 to March 2006.Results The laparoscopic resection was accomplished in all the 6 cases.The operation time was 75～220 min(mean,135 min),the intraoperative hemorrhage volume was 20～100 ml(mean,55 ml),the duration for abdominal drainage was 1～3 d(mean,2 d),and the postoperative hospital stay,2～7 d(mean,4.3 d).There was no complications such as intestinal injury,postoperative bleeding,or abdominal infection.Follow-up visits for 1～9 months(mean,6.5 months)found no recurrence.Conclusions Laparoscopic resection of giant abdominal benign mass is a feasible and safe minimally invasive technique.

BACKGROUND:The endothelial dysfunction is the pathogenesis of arteriosclerotic disease, the quantity and function of endothelial progenitor cells are decreased within the cycle, leading to a poor capacity of neovascularizatio, the efficacy of stem celltransplantation alone is unclear, the combination of cytokines and gene-modified stem cells is the hotspot.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of stromal cel-derived factor-1 on the neovascularization after endothelial progenitor cells transplantation.
METHODS:Unilateral hindlimb ischemia model was established in 20 athymic nude mice, and the mice were randomly divided into four groups:combined group (intravenous endothelial progenitor cells+intramuscular stromal cel-derived factor-1), endothelial progenitor cells group (intravenous injection of endothelial progenitor cells), stromal cel-derived factor-1 group (intramuscular injection of stromal cel-derived factor-1), and blank control group (intramuscular M199). The skin temperature of ischemic hindlimbs and survival of animals after transplantation were observed. The ratio of capil ary/skeletal muscle fiber was counted. The expression of CD31 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The fluorescence-labeled endothelial cells were embedded in ischemic hindlimb muscles after celltransplantation. Of the 20 nude mice, two mice died. The rate of ischemic hindlimb reserving was respectively 80%, 75%, 20%and 0 in combined group, endothelial progenitor cells group, stromal cel-derived factor-1 group, and blank control group. The capil ary/muscle fiber ratio in combined group and endothelial progenitor cells group was higher than that of blank control group (P<0.01). The combined group was greater than endothelial progenitor cells group, and endothelial progenitor cells group was greater than stromal cel-derived factor-1 group (P<0.05). The capil ary density in combined group and endothelial progenitor cells group were higher than that in blank control group (P<0.01), and stromal cel-derived factor-1 group was also more than blank control group (P<0.05). The combined group was greater than endothelial progenitor cells group, and endothelial progenitor cells group was greater than stromal cel-derived factor-1 group (P<0.05). The positive rate of endothelial nitric oxide synthase was 73.33%and 53.33%in combined group and endothelial progenitor cells group respectively (P>0.05). Endothelial progenitor cells can migrate to ischemic tissues, endothelial progenitor cells transplantation can promote neovascularization, and stromal cel-derived factor-1 augments the neovascularization after celltransplantation, in which endothelial nitric oxide synthase is involved.

Phospho-histone H2AX(γH2AX) has been widely used in vitro genotoxicity evaluation of ionizing radiation, carcinogenic substances and cigarette smoke as an important biomarker of DNA double stranded breaks ( DSBs) . The study developed an enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay for detection of the content ofγH2AX in cells to evaluate the genotoxicity of cigarette smoke. The study exposed CHO cells with cigarette smoke total particulate matter ( TPM) and cigarette smoke condensate ( CSC) of different dose, dose-effect relationship between smoke exposure and DNA damage and the poisonous difference of cigarette smoke components has been investigated by detecting the content change ofγH2 AX in cells under different exposure time and dose. In addition, reactive oxygen species ( ROS) in cells were also detected to study the mechanism of cigarette smoke exposure induced DSBs. The experiment result showed that the required time for the level ofγH2AX in cells grew to the peak prolonged with increased exposure dose. Once the level of γH2AX in cells grew to the peak value, then it decreased slowly; the level of γH2AX in cells rised with increasing dose of cigarette smoke;The effect of TPM on the content change of γH2AX was more than CSC; Moreover, smoke exposure could induce concentration increase of ROS in cells, and a good correlation of content change of ROS and γH2AX in cells were found, free radicals in cigarette smoke may be one major cause of DSBs.