Several M-CAT elements are present in the chicken nicotinic acetylcholine receptor γ-subunit promoter and required for the totipotency of this gene.To understand the binding properties of M-CAT element,the interaction of M-CAT motif,at the position -67/-61 relative to the initiation site of γ-promoter with nuclear proteins,were analyzed.Mutageneses and binding experiments demonstrated that the M-CAT core motif bound nuclear protein (s) from tested chicken tissues to generate a high-mobility complex;while the flanking sequence bound different factors to generate lower-mobility complexes with the exception of liver.Southwestern blotting showed that only a 30 kD protein was expressed in tested tissues of chicken embryo at day 13.These results suggest that a 30 kD factor can directly bind to M-CAT element in the manner of monomer,even homodimer and is ubiquitously expressed in tissues,while the binding of the factor(s) to flanking sequence should probably rely on the presence of a 30 kD ubiquitous factor.

Objective To observe the adipocytic differentiation potential of bone marrow stromal cells (BMS), and the effect of simvastatin on adipocytic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro, and to elucidate the mechanisms of anabolic effect of simvastatin on bone formation. Methods BMS from femur and tibia of adult female BALB C mice were cultured in vitro. Changes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were determined after treatment with adipogenetic agonist (hydrocortisone 0 5 ?mol/L and indomethacin 60 ?mol/L, HI) for 6 days. Thenexpression of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA was detected by RT PCR after treatment with HI and different concentration of simvastatin for 72 h. Adipogenetic differentiation were also observed with Oil Red O staining and fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) after treatment with HI and different concentration of simvastatin or 100 ?g/L rhBMP 2 for 12 days. Results After BMS were treated with HI for 6 days, ALP activity was significantly decreased ( P

Objective: To observe the immunohistochemical localization of enamelin in enamel formationand mineralization. Methods: Tissue sections of the first mandibular molar tooth germ from 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 days rats after birth were prepared, expression of the enamelin protein was identified by immunohistochemical technique. Results: Enamelin was found in the cytoplasm of ameloblasts in 1-10 days old rat postnatal first mandibular molar tooth germs. Enamelin appeared weakly in the tooth germs of 1 day rats. From 3 to 10 days, enamelin localized both in the cytoplasm of ameloblasts and the uncalcified enamel from the dentino-enamel junction to surfaces of the tooth. Enamelin protein was negative in the tooth germs of 14 days rats postnatally. Conclusion: Enamelin protein is synthesised and secreted by ameloblasts, specially localized in enamel from DEJ to surfaces of the tooth, suggesting that enamelin has important roles in enamel formation.

Objective: To observe the effect of simvastatin on osteoblastic cell differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro, and to elucidate the mechanisms of anabolic effect of simvastatin on bone formation. Methods: Bone marrow stromal cells from femur and tibia of adult female BALB C mice were cultured in vitro , after being treated with different concentrations of simvastatin for 72 h, changes of mRNA level of osteocalcin (OCN) were detected by RT PCR, change of OCN, and osteopontin (OPN) expression were examined by Western blot, and the changes of cellular alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) were examined by histochemistry and enzymologic measurement. Results: After bone marrow stromal cells were treated with different concentration of simvastatin for 72 h, level of OCN mRNA increased, and expression of OCN and OPN also increased in a concentration dependent manner, and cellular ALP activity significantly increased in a concentration dependent manner. Conclusion: Simvastatin can stimulate osteoblastic differentiation,and improve cellular ALPase activity with high expression of osteocalcin and osteopontin in vitro. These may be parts of the mechanism of anabolic effect of simvastatin on bone formation.

Objective To develop Community Home Mutual Pension Demand Scale and test its validity and reliability.Methods Firstly,the theoretical dimension of Community Home Mutual Pension Demand Scale was constructed by means of literature analysis and resident interview.Secondly,the scale with five dimensions containing 29 items was formed after small range of questionnaire survey.Finally,the data from 384 elderly people in 4 communities of Hengyang city were analyzed by using SPSS17.0 and AMOS17.0 to test its validity and reliability.Results The model consisted of 4 dimensions and 21 items,which explained 69.911％ of the total variance.x2/df=2.097,Tac ker Lewis index (TLI)=0.959,non normed fit index (NNFI)=0.959,relative fit index (RFI)=0.924,goodness-of-fit index(GFI)=0.921,comparative fit index (CFI)=0.966,normed fit index (NFI)=0.938,incremental fit index (IFI)=0.967,root-mean square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.054;Cronbach α of the total scale was 0.932,Cronbach α of each dimension was 0.801-0.954.The correlation coefficient between dimensions was 0.241-0.592,P＜0.01.Conclusions The scale has good reliability and validity in the measurement of the mutual pension demand of elderly.