Smear is the classic method for pathogen dectection,and it is the most direct,simplest and the fastest identification method.The conscientious and standardized operation of smears can effectively determine the quality of specimen,the proportion of bacteria,and even identify the suspicious pathogen directly,which provide valuable information for clinical diagnosis and treatment In addition,morphological examination can also become supplementary approach for the validation,calibration of modern equipment The staff working in the laboratory of microbiology should notice the important value of smear test.

Aimto investigate the use of medical terms in Chinese Medical Journal.Methods Through the Chinese Medical Association area of WANGFANG datebase,we selected the nonstandard nomenclature of 100 medical terms as keywords,all the fields as Search Options and Journal of Chinese Medical Association as Journal categories to trace articles in periodicals from 2006 to 2010.ResultsSome journals still use nonstandard nomenclature,79％ of the 100 nonstandard nomenclature were used.Standard nomenclature and nonstandard nomenclature were used interchangeably in 80％ of the top 10 medical terms.ConclusionsIt is not optimistic about the use of Standard nomenclature in Chinese Medical Journal.Great attention shall be paid to the standard use of medical terms.The article analyzed the reasons about the use of nonstandard nomenclature and proposed measures to change the status.

Journals published by Chinese Medical Association are a group of leading journals in the medical field in China. To refine these journals, the authors recommended that promote doubleblind peer review should be applied, supplements may be omitted and the supervision mechanism needs to be improved.

thyroid cancer(TC-1 ),a nuclear protein coded by TC-1,regulates the cell cycle,participates transcription and translation,and is correlated with the proliferation of normal and cancer cells.TC-1 participates in the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway which can promote the up-regulation of proto-oncogene.Hence it plays an important role in the malignant transformation and development of the tumors,such as thyroid cancer,gastric cancer and breast cancer.Therefore,as a potential tumor-associated protein,it's likely to be used for fundamental research and gene targeting therapy.

Objectives To culture and isolate Malassezia furfur which were suspected in sputum smears,and then to identify the isolates systematically.Methods From March 2010 to September 2011,133 lower respiratory tract secretion samples were collected in Beijing Hospital of the Ministry of Health which were suspected containing Malassezia furfur by Parker ink staining.The samples were inoculated and cultured on CHROMagar mediums containing 1％ Tween 60 ( which was modified from Candida chromogenic media) in the atmospheric environment at 35 ℃.The suspected colonies were selected and cultured on both SDA plates containing 0.5％ Tween 40 and SDA plates containing 0.5％ Tween 60.The traditional phenotypic identification methods were used to identify the pure colonies,including staining,growth on Sabouraud agar plates,Tween test,decomposing Escalin,Catalase test,Tween precipitation test and castor oil test.Then the suspected colonies were identified by analyzing the sequences of 18s rRNAs.Results The isolation rate of Malasseziafurfur from lower respiratory tract secretions was 47.4％ (63/133) and 63 strains were also identified as Malassezia furfur by traditional phenotypic identification methods combined with the 18s rRNA gene sequence analysis.Malassezia can be significantly distinguished from Candida by direct smear of the specimen with Parker ink staining.Conclusions Malassezia furfur was found as pink colonies on modified Candida chromogenic media which were significantly different from other Candida colonies.The isolation rate of lower respiratory tract secretions can be improved by modified Candida chromogenic media.The identification accuracy can be further improved by combining traditional phenotypic identification methods with 18s rRNA sequence analysis.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic radical resection of rectal carcinoma via natural orificespecimen extraction(NOSE). Methods Laparoscopic resection of rec-tal carcinoma was performed using NOSE technique in 35 cases of rectal cancer from October 2013 to 2015 July. Analysis of clinical data,postoperative exhaust time,the number of resected lymph node,and anastomotic leakage rate was conducted. Results All 35 cases underwent laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer with successful anus preservation. There were no preventive transverse colostomy. Among them,the success rate of laparoscopic radical resection via NOSE for rectal cancer was 85. 71%(30 /35). The operation duration ranged from 105 to 186 min(mean 129. 50 min). Anal exhaust time was 22 to 80 h(average 38. 13 h). Postoperative hospital stay lasted for 9 ~ 21 days(mean 10. 27 d). Anas-tomotic leakage occurred in 1 case and puncture infection in 2 cases. Conclusion Laparoscopic radical resec-tion of rectal carcinoma in middle and low rectal cancer is safe and reliable,which is worthy of being spread.

[Objective]To probe the probability of autologous platelet-rich glue(PRG) combined with particulate of cancellous bone in treating the aseptic tibial nonunion.[Method]Sixty patients with tibial nonunion in distal 1/3 fragment were randomly divided into 2 groups.Each group had thirty patients.PRG combined with particulate of autogenous cancellous bone was transplanted in the experimental group while particulate of cancellous bone was applied in the control group.The mean time to the operation was 10.5 months(7-36 months) and the average age were 38 years old.The postoperative systemic and local reaction,and X-ray finings of tibial nonunion were observed.The average follow-up was 22 months.According to the Johner-Wruh scoring system the results were statistically analyzed.[Result]At 8 months bony union was all achieved.There was a remarkable difference between those of experimental and control groups.[Conclusion]PRG had an important role in speeding bone healing,and the combination of PRG and particulate of autogenous cancellous bone is an ideal alternative of bone transplantation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnosis and trea tment of ankle impin gement syndrome (AIS). MethodsThirty-six cases of AIS encoun tered between March 1995 and May 2001 entered the study. Hereinto, open removals of involved soft tissue were performed in 14 cases after MRI examinations, and arthroscopic exam inations and removals were accomplished in 22 cases. Results Follow-up for 6 mo nths～7 years (mean, 22 months) in all the 36 cases revealed “excellent” outco mes in 9 cases, “good” in 19 cases, “fair” in 7 cases, and “poor” in 1 cas e, showing “good” or “excellent” results in 77 8% of the patients (28/36). ConclusionsArthroscopic examination and operation for AIS is effective.

Objective To investigate the action of integron-mediated multidrug resistance in clinical multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Methods The strains of multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected with K-B susceptibility method. The three-dimensional method was taken to differentiate the various beta-lactamases. The integron was determined by PCR with integron-specific primer. DNA sequencing was also used to analyze resistance-related gene in the integron in multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Results The positive rate of integron detection in multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 42.4%.Three kinds of different length integron were found .They were 750bp,1 000bp and 2 500bp and aadB,aadA2,aadB,aac6-II and PSE-1 were the resistance-related gene cassette in the integrons.Conclusions Integron took part in mutiple resistance in multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.We should pay more attention to integron-mediated horizontal transference of mulidurg resistance to lessen the occurrence of multi-resistant strains.

Objective To investigate serum NK cell levels in HBeAg positive early pregnancy women with immune activation.Methods Fifty four HBeAg positive pregnant women admitted in Taizhou People's Hospital from September 2010 to April 2013 were enrolled in the study.Among them,the serum HBV DNA load decreased ≥2 log at 12 weeks after pregnancy in 24 cases (immune activation group) and HBV DNA did not decrease in 30 cases (immune tolerance group).The serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),total bilirubin,HBeAg,HBV DNA load and NK cells were measured.Results At week 12 of gestation,the mean ALT levels and ALT abnormality rate in immune active group were higher than those in immune tolerance group [(146.7 ±93.1) vs.(44.1 ± 14.7) U/L,t =2.95,P＜0.05,50.0％ vs.6.7％,x2 =4.97,P ＜0.05].There was no significant difference of HBeAg level between two groups before pregnancy,while HBeAg level in immune activation group was lower than that in immune tolerance group at week 12 week of gestation [(291.8 ± 170.5) vs.(443.7 ± 289.9) S/CO,t =2.81,P ＜0.05].The percentage and absolute number of NK cells in immune activation group were higher than those in immune tolerance group [(26.7 ±9.1)％ vs.(17.1 ±7.8)％,t =2.52,P ＜0.05 and (370.9 ±136.4)/μl vs.(213.2 ±97.8)/μl,t =2.38,P ＜0.05,respectively].Conclusions In HBeAg positive early pregnant women with immune activation,the inhibition of HBV DNA might be associated with the activation of NK cells.