Objective:To investigate clinical therapeutic effect of Qidan Granule on pulmonary interstitial fibrosis(PIF).Methods:The treatment group(105 cases)were treated by Qidan Granule,3 times a day,and the control group(60 cases)were treated by prednisone,0.5mg/kg,for 3～6 months.The patients were followed up once every 1～3 months.Changes of symptoms,signs and high-resolution computed tomogram(HRCT)and pulmonary function were investigated after treatment.Results:After treatment of 6 months,the improvement rate of symptoms and signs in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P

Objective:To optimize and improve the content determination method for nitroglycerin ointment. Methods:An HPLC method was used,the column was Hypersil ODS(150 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase was acetonitrile ∶water(50 ∶50),the detection wavelength was set at 220 nm,the flow rate was 1 ml·min-1 ,the column temperature was 30℃,and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: The results showed a good linear relationship within the concentration range of 0. 020 3-0. 203 3 mg · ml-1 ( r =0. 999 9),and the average recovery was 99. 51%(RSD=1. 06%,n=9). Conclusion: The method is rapid,accurate and reproduci-ble,and can be used to determine the content of nitroglycerin in nitroglycerin ointment.

OBJECTIVE: To provide reference for the research and development of current hospital pharmaceutical preparation.METHODS: The development strategy and research & development thinking were put forward on the basis of current state laws and regulations as well as the newest trend in pharmaceutical researching field.RESULTS: Firstly,the development strategy should be planned elaborately such as building moderate-scale manufacturing laboratory,introducing advanced instrument and equipment,cultivating high quality talented group,establishing highly efficient running mechanism,formulating valid incentive policy and implementing scientific standardized management.Furthermore,research and development thinking should be scientific and feasible to adopt new pharmaceutical technology to research new pharmaceutical dosage form and develop new compound preparation,distinctive preparation and Chinese traditional medicine preparation based on the clinic requirement.CONCLUSIONS: Hospital pharmaceutical preparation can go out of the predicament and realize sustainable development so long as formulating active correct development strategy and stick to scientific feasible research thinking.

[Objective] To determine the sun protection factor (SPF) and protection factor of ultraviolet A (PFA) of a self-made sunscreen cream.[Methods] The sample of a self-made sunscreen cream and a commercial sunscreen cream were painted to an artificial skin (3M film) at a dose of 2 μl/cm2,and a tester was used to evaluate their photoprotective effect.A total of 48 albinism guinea pigs were classified into 8 groups to remain unprotected or be protected by the self-made or commercial sunscreen cream.A solar ultraviolet light simulator (SUV-1000) was used to simulate the ultraviolet rays in sunlight to irradiate the guinea pigs,and the photoprotecfive effect of these sunscreen creams was determined.[Results] The in vitro evaluation revealed that the SPF value of the self-made sun-screen cream and commercial cream was 32.26 ± 2.42 and 30.87 ± 2.57respectively (n =5,t =0.94,P ＞ 0.05),and the PFA value was 24.28 ± 2.44 and 17.53 ± 2.28 respectively (n =5,t =4.52,P＜ 0.01 ).As the in vivo experiment showed,the SPF value of the self-made sun-screen cream and commercial cream was 30.39 ± 6.65 and 28.79 ± 7.36,respectively (n =12,t =0.38,P＞ 0.05),and the PFA value was ＞ 8.91 and ＞ 8.93 respectively.[Conclusion] The photoprotective effect of the self-made sunscreen cream is similar to that of the commercial cream.

objective To investigate the clinical signiifcance of the changes of angiotensionⅡ(AngⅡ) in children with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods Thirty children diagnosed as primary IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy (IgAN group) and 30 healthy children (control group) were recruited from May 2008 to December 2012. The serum and urine AngⅡwere measured by ELISA and compared between IgAN group and control group. The AngⅡexpression in the renal tissue of IgAN group was detected by immuno-histochemical method, and was correlated with other clinical data.. Results Urine AngⅡwas signiifcantly higher in the primary IgAN group than that of control group (P<0.05);AngⅡexpression in the urine is positively correlated with proteinuria (r=0.37, P=0.046), and is associated with the severity of clinical presentation; AngⅡexpression in kidney tissue increased with the severity of the renal histopathologic grading (r=0.69, 0.79, P=0.000), while AngⅡin blood and proteinuria, AngⅡexpression in kidney tissue were not signiifcantly correlated with the number of crescents. Conclusions Urine AngⅡin children with IgAN is signiifcantly correlated with the severity of the pathologic stage and the level of proteinuria. Urine AngⅡdetection may be useful to assess the progress and prognosis of chronic kidney disease.

Objective To compare the differences of lung pathological changes of acute lung injury in mice in-duced by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) and graphite particles, and to explore the possible mechanisms of acute lung injury in-duced by fine particles of different origins.Methods 140 male specific-pathogen-free Kunming mice weighing 18-20 g were randomly divided into 7 experimental groups, in addition to the normal control group.The experimental groups were treated by intratracheal instillation of LPS solution or graphite powder suspension in different doses, respectively, to induce acute lung injury in the mice.The mortality of the mice was observed, and pathological changes of the lung tissues were ex-amined by light and transmission electron microscopy.Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of neutrophil elastase ( NE) in lung tissues , and real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA expression of monocyte chemotac-tic protein-1 ( MCP-1) in the lung tissue .Results Compared with the normal control group, some pathological changes were observed in the lung tissues of the groups L ( LPS) and G ( graphite) .There were numerous macrophages in the lung tissues in the group G mice, and exudate, mainly neutrophils, in the lung tissues of the group L.The NE protein expres-sion in the lung tissue was significantly higher than that of the normal control group ( P<0.05) , and there was also a sig-nificant difference between the groups L and G (P<0.05).The MCP-1 mRNA expression in lung tissues was higher in the control group (P<0.01), and there was also a significant difference between the groups L and G (P<0.01).Conclu-sions Diverse types of particulate matters induce different pathological changes in the lungs, therefore the mechanism may also be different in the inflammatory responses.It means that the lung injuries caused by fine particles of mixed composition may have complex mechanisms.

BACKGROUND:Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia is of poor response to treatment. Glucocorticoids are the first medicine for the treatment, however there is only 30% of the patients who are responded. Traditional Chinese drugs (TCD) have been researched hot point for prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. Many TCD have been used clinically, and with a certain therapeutic effect. Transforming growth factor-β1 and tumor necrosis factor-α are the considerable cytokines to cause pulmonary fibrosis, inhibition of their expression, therefore, may be effective to pulmonary fibrosis.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interventional effect of qidan granule on pulmonary fibrosis in rats induced by bleomycin A5 and the influence on the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 and tumor necrosis factorα, and also to compare with those of hydrocortisone.DESIGN:A randomized and interval grouping design.SETTING:Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University.MATERIALS:The experiment was conducted from May 2003 to March 2004 at Pathological Laboratory of Shandong Provincial Academy of Medical Science. Totally 105 SD male rats, were at random divided into 4groups: normal control group (n= 15 ), model group, qidan group and hydrocortisone group, with 30 rats in each group. Each group was subdivided as7-day, 14-day and 28-day group, with 5 rats in each normal group, and 10in each other groups.METHODS: [1] Model establishment: A perfusion was intrabronchially performed, of 0.25 mL normal saline for rats in normal control group, and of bleomycin A5 0.25 mL ( 5 mg/kg,4 g/L) for rats in other 3 groups, to set up the models of pulmonary fibrosis. [2]Administration: Next day to the beginning of modeling qidan granule (consisting of Radix Astragali seu Hedysari, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong and so on, 3 125 mg/kg) was intragastrically given per day for rats in qidan group, hydrocortisone (25 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally given per day for rats in hydrocortisone group, and normal saline (2 mL/rat) was intragastrically given per day for rats in normal and model groups.[3] Observation indexes: The rats in each group were on the day 7, day 14 and day 28 put to death under the anesthesia, then the lung tissue was taken, stained with hematoxyline-eosin stain for pathological observation of lung tissue. The expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 and tumor necrosis factor-α were detected by immunohistochemistry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Pathological observation of lung tissue,and the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 and tumor necrosis factor-α at different time points of rats in each group.RESULTS:Totally 100 rats entered the final result analysis.[1]Pathological observation of lung tissue: In the normal group the structure was normal, in the model group there were alveolitis on the day 7, deterioration of alveolitis on the day 14, and extensive fibrosis on the day 28; the degrees of alveolitis and fibrosis in the qidan group were slighter than those in the model group, and there was normal structure of alveoli; and in the hydrocortisone group the alveolitis on the day 7 and 14 was slighter than that in the model group, but there was no significant difference of fibrosis compared with the model group.[2] Expression of transforming growth factor-β1:In the model group the expression was highest on the day 28 and obviously higher than that in the normal group (3.6±0.4,1.2±0.4,P ＜ 0.01 ); the expression in the qidan group and hydrocortisone group was obviously lower than that in the model group(1.7±0.5,2.5±0.4,P ＜ 0.01), and the expression in the qidan group was lower than that in the hydrocortisone group (P＜ 0.01 ). [3]Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α: In the model group at different time points the expression was continuously increased, the expression in the qidan group and hydrocortisone group was obviously lower than that in the model group(P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01), and the expression in the qidan group was lower than that in the hydrocortisone group ( P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Qidan granule can obviously reduce the extent of pulmonary fibrosis in rats induced by bleomycin A5, lower the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 and tumor necrosis factor-α, and the effect was better than that of hydrocortisone.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effect of Lianhuaqingwen capsules ( LHQW ) on junction protein expression in mouse lung tissue of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury ( ALl). METHODS 120 male mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control, model, model+dexa-methasone 5 mg.kg-1 , model +LHQW 2, 4 and 8 g.kg-1 groups. Dexamethasone and LHQW were administered orally, once daily, for 7 d. 24 h after the last administration, LPS solution was instilled into the tracheas of mice except the normal control group to prepare the mouse model of ALl. 24 h after the establishment of the ALl model, the mice were sacrificed and the pathological changes in the mouse lung tissue were observed by optical microscopy and ultrastructure of alveolar epithelium was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The cell percentage of positive expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of con-nexin 43 ( Cx43), occludin and zonula occludens protein-1 ( ZO-1) in lung tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Under the light microscope, the mouse lung of model group showed a large amount of inflammatory cell infiltration and alveolar wall thickening. Compared with model group, inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced in model+dexamethasone, model+LHQW 2,4 and 8 mg.kg-1 groups. Under the electron microscope, the mouse alveolar epithelial cells of model group showed injury. Compared with model group, the damage was reduced in model+dexamethasone, and model+LHQW 2, 4 and 8 mg.kg-1 groups. The cell percentage of TNF-α positive expression in peripheral blood T lympho-cytes in normal control, model, model+dexamethasone, model+LHQW 2,4 and 8 mg.kg-1 groups was (3.6±0.9)%, (6.4±0.8)%, (2.8±0.7)%, (4.7±1.6)%, (4.0±1.5)% and (3.6±1.2)%, respectively. The percentage in model group was obviously higher than that in normal control group( P<0.01), but was lower in the four drug treatment groups than in model group(P<0.05, P<0.01). The expression of Cx43, occludin and ZO-1 in lung tissue of model group was lower than that of normal control group(P<0.01), but higher in model+dexamethasone, model + LHQW 4 and 8 mg.kg-1 groups than in model group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION LHQW may alleviate ALl induced by LPS and play a protective role by inhibiting inflammatory cell infiltration and improving protein connection expression in alveolar epithelial cells and pulmonary vascular endothelial cells.

Objective:To investigate the effect of modified plateletrich plasma(mPRP)on the osteogenic differentiation of stemcells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth(SHED).Methods:mPRP at 1%,2%,5%,10% and FBS at 10% were added to thecultured SHED of passage 4,respectively.The influence of mPRP on alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity was evaluated using ALPkit.RUNX2 and osteocalcin mRNA expression in the treated cells were examined by realtime PCR.Results:mPRP enhanced ALPactivity in the SHED,and the effect of mPRP was more obvious at 2%.Treatment of the cells with 2% mPRP upregulated the mRNAexpressions of RUNX2 and osteocalcin.Conclusion:mPRP can promote the osteogenic differentiation of SHED.

BACKGROUND:Previous experiments have shown that modified platelet-rich plasma activated by liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing can promote the proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and dental pulp stem cells in a concentration-dependent manner. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of modified platelet-rich plasma at different concentrations on the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. METHODS:Platelets were selected and harvested by automatic blood cellanalyzer, and then activated by liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing.α-MEM served as basal medium. Different concentrations of modified platelet-rich plasma (2%, 5%, 10%, 20%) or 10%fetal bovine serum were added, respectively. The difference in cellproliferation was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Modified platelet-rich plasma at different concentrations could promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth. The effects of 2%modified platelet-rich plasma and 10%fetal bovine serum on promoting the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth were similar. These results indicated that 2%modified platelet-rich plasma could promote the proliferation of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth, and substitute for fetal bovine serum in the amplification of dental pulp stem cells from deciduous teeth in vitro.