Autophagy is induced by a variety of signals during ischemia and reperfusion.Autophagy has been shown to protect cardiac cells and to reduce the cell loss,but it also has been shown that enhanced autophagy contributes to cell death during I/R.

OBJECTIVE Based on fibroblast activation protein(FAP)gene promoter as the response element,to develop a new dual luciferase reporting system for the screening of drugs related to myocardial fibrosis.METHODS The promoter fragment of mouse FAP gene was synthesized in vitro and cloned into plasmid psiCHECK2 to replace HSV-TK promoter,and then a new recombinant plasmid psiCHECK2-FAP was obtained.After the recombinant plasmid psiCHECK2-FAP was digested by restriction endonucliase Hind Ⅲ,the product digested was identified by agar-gel electrophoresis and sequencing.After psiCHECK2-FAP was transient transfected into mouse cardiac fibroblasts(MCFs),and continued cultured for 24 h,and MCFs were treated with Ransforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1,5 μg·L-1)or angiotensinⅡ(Ang Ⅱ,1 μmol·L-1)or palmitic acid(PA,100 μmol·L-1)for 0,12,24,48 h,respectively,the double luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect luciferase activity;After psiCHECK2-FAP was transient transfected into MCFs,the cells were pretreated with Dapa(1 μmol·L-1)for 1 h,and supplemented with TGF-β1(5 μg·L-1)or AngⅡ(1 μmol·L-1)or PA(100 μmol·L-1),continued treatment for 24 h,the double luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect luciferase activity,and the expression of collagenⅠand collagen Ⅲ protein was detected with Western blotting.RESULTS The recombinant plasmid psiCHECK2-FAP was digested into two fragments by Hind Ⅲ with the expected strip size,and the sequencing results were completely consistent with the theoretical sequence;Compared with control group,the collagenⅠand collagen Ⅲ protein expression were significantly increased by TGF-β1 or Ang Ⅱ or PA in MCFs(P<0.05,P<0.01).However,compared with TGF-β1 or Ang Ⅱ or PA group,the intervention of Dapa significantly alleviated the promoter activity of FAP gene and the expression of collagenⅠand collagen Ⅲ protein(P<0.05,P<0.01);Compared with control group,luciferase activity was significantly increased by TGF-β1 or Ang Ⅱ or PA(P<0.05,P<0.01),reaching the peak at 24 h.Compared with TGF-β1 or AngⅡ or PA group,the intervention of Dapa significantly decreased luciferase activity(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSSION Based on the promoter of FAP gene as the response element,a noval dual luciferase reporter gene system was established and showed a good sensitivity to the promyocardial fibrosis factor in MCFs,which can provide strategies for the development of antimyocar-dial fibrosis drugs.

Objective:To search and summarize the literature in the field of joint replacement tele-rehabilitation at home and abroad and carry out visual analysis to discuss the development status, research hotspots and development trends in this field.Methods:Based on the Web of Science index database, literature related to application of tele-rehabilitation in joint replacement was searched from the establishment of the database to December 31, 2022. The literature metrology and knowledge visualization analysis of tele-rehabilitation after joint replacement were carried out by using the cooperative network and co-occurrence network analysis function of CiteSpace visual analysis tool and the result analysis report of Web of Science database.Results:As of December 2022, a total of 1 042 articles were published on research related to remote rehabilitation after joint replacement surgery, with an increasing number of articles published year by year. From 2020 to 2022, the annual number of articles published exceeded 100. The United States ranked first in both the number of articles published (404) and the H-index (44). The journal with the highest publication volume was Journal of Arthroplasty (106 articles), and the author with the highest publication volume was Mont (22 articles). Research hotspots focused on rehabilitation content, outcome evaluation and intervention implementation forms. Conclusions:The application of tele-rehabilitation in the field of joint replacement is becoming increasingly widespread. Foreign countries have started this research field early, while China is still in its infancy, and it is urgent to enrich the implementation of intervention forms, feasibility and effectiveness evaluation. The content optimization of tele-rehabilitation program, the accurate evaluation of curative effect and the optimization of implementation approach are the future research hotspots, and the study of cost effectiveness of tele-rehabilitation is the future research direction.