Objective: To investigate the laboratory,clinical and economic results of early postoperative enteral nutrition(EEN) in patients with gastrointestinal cancer.Methods: 120 patients with gastrointestinal cancer were randomly divided into three groups: EEN,early postoperative parenteral nutrition(PN), and traditional nutrition(CON)groups.The 1/3 and 2/3 target volumes were administered on the first and second postoperative days(1POD,2POD),and the full volume was given from 3POD to 8POD in EEN and PN groups.The routine formula was offerd from 1POD to 8POD in CON group.The nutritional and immune parameters were detected one day before surgery and 9POD, and the clinical and economic results were collected in three groups.Results: The levels of ALB,TF,PA,CD3,CD4,CD4/CD8 were significantly higher in EEN and PN groups than those in CON group(both P＜0.01),and the CD3,CD4,CD4/CD8 were better in EEN group than those in PN group(P＜0.05).The side effects of EEN group were similar to those of PN group(P>0.05). The recovery of bowel function was quicker in EEN group than that in PN and CON groups(both P＜0.05).The complication rate, cost of nutrition support,and cost of complication treatment were lower in EEN group than those in PN group(P＜0.05, P＜0.01, P＜0.01).Although the cost of nutrition support was lowest but the complication rate and cost of complication treatment were all highest in CON group.Conclusion: EEN is better in immune function, recovery of bowel function,complication rate, and cost-effectiveness than those in PN, and from our multiple angular viewpoints EEN is the first choice for patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Objective To establish a method to objectively and easily evaluate the production efficiency of pharmacy divi-sion .Methods Data of the input and output of 25 military hospitals pharmacy were analyzed ;indicators of descriptive evalua-tion on pharmacy production efficiency were established .Results A method of descriptive evaluation on pharmacy production efficiency was established ,which included annual drug income per capita ,annual drug income per bed ,daily deployment pre-scriptions per capita as economic output efficiency indicators ,service time of clinical pharmacists as improvement efficiency indi-cators ,and scores of preventing medication errors as prevention efficiency indicators .Conclusion The economic output efficien-cy indicators have limitations .The quantitative methods of quality output efficiency indicators need further improvement .

Objective To provide a reference for optimizing pharmacy human resources allocation in military hospitals in a region .Methods Data of pharmacy human resources of 15 military hospitals in a region were collected from 2 pharmacy re-sources investigations of military hospitals in 2006 and 2013 .For comparison analysis on the changes of pharmacy human re-sources in regional military hospitals in 8 years during 2001-2005 and 2010-2012 ,15 military hospitals were divided into 3 groups according actual beds number ,as 399 beds or less ,400-600 beds ,1000 beds above .Results 2010-2012 ,the average annual growth rate of pharmacy human resources was 7 .11% in 1000 beds above group ,5 .05% in 400-600 beds group ,and 2 .28% in 399 beds or less group .It was showed that the changes of pharmacy human resources had grown trend since 2005 . But the average annual growth rate of pharmacy human resources was much lower than the average annual growth rate of hospi-tal outpatient .Pharmacy human resources with high educational background or high title were concentrated in 1000 beds above group .Half of the staff had bachelor's degree in all groups .The incoming staffs were basically with junior title or intermediate title since 2005 .Conclusion Pharmacy staff accounted for the low proportion of medical technicians ,and per capita workload increased every year in pharmacy department .So pharmacy human resources should be increased .Dispensing ,preparation ,as traditional posts ,and pharmacy intravenous admixture ,clinical pharmacy ,as new posts competed pharmacy human resources . So the human resources needs of the development of clinical pharmacy should be rationally controlled .The distribution of high-level human resources in regional military hospitals shows more concentrated ,which should be a holistic approach to optimize the layout of pharmaceutical human resources .