OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formula of the compound ginkgo leaves tablets.METHODS:The formula(dosage of low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose;the ratio between crude drug and loading agent and the dosage of micro-crystalline cellulose)was optimized using orthogonal design and multi-index(tablet weight variation and disintegration de-gree)comprehensive score method.RESULTS:The optimized formula was the following:the dosage of low-substituted hy-droxypropyl cellulose was5%;the ratio between crude drug and loading agent was1∶1and the dosage of microcrystalline cellulose was10%.CONCLUSION:The tablets are reasonable in formula and the forming quality of which is also good.

Objective: To study the effect of Bazhen decoction on red blood cell immunity in rats with Qi deficiency.Methods:After the rats were forced to swim for two weeks continuously, the rat model of Qi deficiency was established. Bazhen group and normal group were fed with Bazhen decoction (20g?kg -1 ,daily), and distilled water for fourteen days, respectively. The changes in red blood cell c 3b receptor rosette rate (RBC.c 3bRR) and red blood cell immune complexes rosette rate (RBC.ICRR) were studied while the influences of Bazhen decoction on above mentioned parameters were observed. Results: In Qi deficiency syndrome the levels of RBC.c 3bRR were markedly depressed, while RBC.ICRR markedly elevated. After feeding Bazhen decoction orally to rats model with Qi deficiency syndrome, the levels of RBC. c 3bRR were elevated, while RBC.ICRR depressed (compared with Qi deficiency model group, P

Objective: To study the effect of XRK on mice's acute inflammation. Methods:The three XRL groups were fed on XRK of high, middle and low dosage, the positive group was fed on mezolin, and the control group was fed on distilled water. All groups were fed for three days, once per day. 30 minutes after the last treatment, Xylene (0.05 ml) was spreaded on mice's right ear in two sides, 15 minutes later, mice were put to death and its two ears were cut in same area, then weighed, calculated the swelling degree of its ears. Results: ① The swelling degrees in the three XRL groups were all lower significantly than that in the control group ( P

Objective To observe the expression changes of peripheral endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and Ang-1/Tie2 in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods From Jun 2011 to Dec 2012,45 patients with PAH charged in Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University were divided into 3 groups according to mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure (15 per group):mild(Group L),moderate(Group M),and severe(Group S),with another 15 normal people as control group(Group C).The EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood of every patient,number counting using fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACS),function test using cell culture in vitro.Expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 in the peripheral EPCs were measured by RT-PCR or Western-blot.Non normal data was analyzed by non parametric statistical test.Results The statistical discrepancy existed among Group L,M,S and the control in the number of EPCs [32.0 (27.0,37.0),26.0 (19.0,31.0),24.0 (22.0,26.0) vs 40.0 (37.0,51.0),P ＜ 0.05].The ability of migration [32.1 (26.5,37.5),26.8 (22.4,35.4),21.0 (17.8,34.0) vs 39.0 (33.3,42.4),P＜0.05] and adhesion of the EPCs [57.1(50.9,61.8),51.8(45.2,58.7),46.0 (37.2,55.1) vs 64.1 (56.2,75.0),P ＜ 0.05] among study groups and control group was different in statistic,the same with the proliferation activity of EPCs in different groups [0.6 (0.5,0.7),0.5 (0.4,0.6),0.4(0.3,0.5) vs 0.7(0.6,0.8),P ＜0.05].The mRNA expression of Ang-1 and Tie2 in Group M & S were significantly reduced compared with control [4.33 (2.49,4.62) and 2.89 (2.39,3.44) vs 5.31(3.78,6.22),P＜0.05],Tie2 mRNA[1.32(1.23,1.34)and 1.23(1.08,1.42)vs 1.49(1.25,1.66),P ＜ 0.05],and the protein expression of the phosphorylated Tie 2 in Group M &S were decreased [0.16 (0.15,0.24) and 0.12 (0.08,0.18) vs 0.22 (0.19,0.28),P ＜ 0.05].No significant difference of Ang-1 and Tie2 expression was observed between Group L and control [5.42 (4.72,5.95),1.54 (1.43,1.66) and0.23(0.19,0.33),P=0.674,0.867 and 0.674].Conelusion With the severity of PAH,the number and function of circulating EPCs decreased,as consistent with Ang-1 and Tie2 expression changes,suggesting that function decrease of EPCs in patients with PAH may be associated with the decrease of Ang-1/Tie2 expression.

OBJECTIVE:The pharmacokinetics of Xiaoer Reganning injection was determined in rabbits METHODS:The concentrations of puerarin in Xiaoer Reganning injection in plasma were determined by HPLC The analytical column was No _va-pak C18 (4?m,150mm?3 9mm ID) The mobile phase consisted of methol-water(20∶80) The detecting wavelength was 250nm The 3p87 program was used to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters RESULTS:The in vivo pharmacokinetic course of puerarin in Xiaoer Reganning injection could be described as an open two-compartment model Its main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:T1/2(?)=5 25min,T1/2(?)=36 04min,K10=0 042min,K12=0 063min,K21=0 093min,AUC=2 561 49?g/(ml?min),CL=4 6ml/(min?kg) CONCLUSION:This study will provide a scientific basis for clinical use of Xiaoer Reganning injection

OBJECTIVE:To determine the content of Puerarin in Compound Ginkgo biloba tablets by RP-HPLC. METHODS:The determination was performed on Kromasil C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (20∶80) with a flow rate of 1mL?min-1. The detection wavelength was 250 nm and the temperature of the column was 35℃. RESULTS:The linear range of Puerarin was 0.8～2.4?g (r=0.999 3, n=5),with the average recovery at 99.98%,RSD=1.31%(n=5).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,sensitive and reproducible,and it can be used for the quality control of Compound Ginkgo biloba tablets.

This study examined the effect of self-microemulsiflying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) containing Cremophor RH40 or Tween 80 at various dilutions on cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) enzymes in rat hepatocytes, with midazolam serving as a CYP3A substrate. The particle size and zeta potential of microemulsions were evaluated upon dilution with aqueous medium. In vitro release was detected by a dialysis method in reverse. The effects of SMEDDS at different dilutions and surfactants at different concentrations on the metabolism of MDZ were investigated in murine hepatocytes. The cytotoxicity of SMEDDS at different dilutions was measured by LDH release and MTT technique. The effects of SMEDDS on the CYP3A enzymes activity were determined by Western blotting. Our results showed that dilution had less effect on the particle size and zeta potential in the range from 1:25 to 1:500. The MDZ was completely released in 10 h. A significant decrease in the formation of 1'-OH-MDZ in rat hepatocytes was observed after treatment with both SMEDDS at dilutions ranging from 1:50 to 1:250 and Cremophor RH 40 or Tween 80 at concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 1% (w/v), with no cytotoxicity observed. A significant decrease in CYP3A protein expression was observed in cells by Western blotting in the presence of either Cremophor RH40 or Tween 80-based SMEDDS at the dilutions ranging from 1:50 to 1:250. This study suggested that the excipient inhibitor-based formulation is a potential protective platform for decreasing metabolism of sensitive drugs that are CYP3A substrates.

Objective To analyze the difference of the venous port access (VPA) and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in cancer chemotherapy.Methods All eligible studies on VPA and PICC were searched in the databases of PubMed,China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI),Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM),WANFANG Database and VIP Database.Literatures screening,quality evaluation and data extraction were conducted according to Cochrane Handbook;Meta-analysis was calculated by using RevMan 5.2.Results Twenty-nine studies with a total of 4 449 cases of patients were included in this Meta-analysis,with 1 912 cases in experimental group which adopted VPA and 2 537 cases in controlled group which adopted PICC.Experimental group had advantages in the average catheter retention time (SMD=3.36,95％CI 2.51-4.21) and quality of life (RR=1.61,95％CI 1.15-2.24) compared with controlled group.The overall complication rate (RR=0.26,95％CI 0.20-0.34,P＜0.01),phlebitis incidence (RR=0.08,95％CI 0.04-0.16,P＜0.01),catheter infection incidence (RR=0.32,95％CI 0.23-0.44,P＜0.01),catheter obstruction incidence (RR=0.32,95％CI 0.22-0.48,P＜0.01),catheter dystopy incidence (RR=0.18,95％CI 0.09-0.37,P＜0.01) in experimental group were remarkably lower than that in controlled group.However,no significant difference was found between the two groups in the incidence of the puncture success rate for the first time,errhysis or hematoncus,thrombus and catheter leakage (P ＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with PICC,VPA had advantages in a long retention time,fewer complications and few influence on quality of life.Therefore,VPA should be widely used in cancer chemotherapy.

Objective To understand the clinical distribution characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing healthcare-associated infection(HAI) in a comprehensive hospital.Methods Clinical data of patients with HAI in this hospital between May 2012 and May 2015 were collected,the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens isolated from patients were analyzed.Results A total of 6 563 cases of HAI occurred among 183 850 patients,incidence of HAI was 3.57％,445 patients were isolated at least two kinds of pathogens,375 (84.27％) patients were isolated two kinds of pathogens,132 of whom were infected with both gram negative bacilli.4 478 specimens were sent for pathogenic detection,2 503 (55.90％) of which were isolated pathogens;a total of 2 755 pathogens were isolated,including 1 713(62.18％) strains of gram-negative bacilli,732(26.57％) gram positive cocci,304(11.03％) yeast-like fungi,and 6(0.22％) anaerobic bacteria.524(19.02％)strains were mainly from patients in department of neurology.The main specimen was sputum (n =1 340,48.64％).The isolation rates of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC),Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP),Acinetobacter baumnannii (CRAB),and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) were 0.39％ (2/510),1.66％ (3/181),59.14％ (207/ 350),and 5.29 ％ (11/208) respectively;isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 21.55％(25/116).Conclusion Multidrug-resistant organisms causing HAl are various,it is necessary to understand distribution characteristics and prevalence of pathogens,monitor multidrug-resistant organisms,and implement contact isolation measures,so as to prevent the outbreak of HAI.