Executive function is a superordinate cognitive function of the brain. Executive dysfunction post stroke plays a very impor-tant role in recovery of motor function, which is associated with motor learning, postural control, etc. Executive function training may pro-mote the recovery of motor function. The potential neurological mechanism includes the cerebral network involving a variety of areas.

Motor dysfunction is one of the leading problems after stroke. The evidence existed that motor performance is largely affected by the location and volume of white matter especially the pyramidal tract, but not the cortex. The remodeling of contralesional primary motor output tract highly correlated with motor improvement. The unaffected pyramidal tract axons regenerate and cross into the affected side after ischemia can promte motor recovery after ischemia. Exercise and other rehabilitation may play a role on remodeling of pyramidal tract subsequent after cerebral infarction.

Objective:To study the relationship between susceptibilities of Trichophyton rubrum strains to antifungal agents and their species specificities.Methods: The susceptibilities of Trichophyton rubrum strains to itraconazole,ketoconazole,fluconazole,terbinafine,naftifine,5-flucytosine and amphotericin B were evaluated using a modified microdilution method.The relationship between susceptibilities and genotypes and phenotypes of Trichophyton rubrum strains with different origins was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD).Results: The Trichophyton rubrum strains showed narrow minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) ranges to terbinafine(0.016-0.032 ?g/ml),naftifine(0.032-0.063 ?g/ml) and itraconazole(0.25-1 ?g/ml),whereas they showed broader MIC ranges to ketoconzole(0.25-2 ?g/ml)and fluconazole(1-32 ?g/ml).MICs of Trichophyton rubrum strains to terbinafine(M_0=0.032 ?g/ml) and naftifine(M_0=0.032 ?g/ml) were the lowest among 7 antifungal agents.Wilcoxon test(Kruskal-Wallis test) suggested that there was no significant relationship of MICs to terbinafine,naftifine,itraconazole and amphotericin B with the genotypes,phenotypes and origins of the Trichophyton rubrum strains.Conclusion: The antifungal susceptibility of Trichophyton rubrum strains may not be related to their genotypes,phenotypes or from which part of the body they are isolated.

330 cases of impacted mandibular third molar were divided into 3 groups,A:younger than 18 years,B:18-25-year-old,C:ol-der than 25-year.Operation time(min)of group A,B and C was 21.95 ±5.86,6.45 ±4.92 and 18.77 ±9.64(B vs A or C,P <0.01), intraoperative complication rates were 2.73%,6.36% and 30.91%(P <0.01),postoperative complication rates were 51.82%,23.64%and 66.36%(P <0.05),respectively.18-25 year-old is the suitable age for removal of impacted mandibular third molars.

Objective To assess the contraction and coordination changes in the anterior and posterior thigh muscles of patients recovering from cerebral infarction,and to provide objective references for targeted rehabilitation programs. Methods Eighteen cerebral infarction patients with mild hemiparesis (the patient group) and eighteen age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (the healthy group) were investigated. The surface-electromyographic (sEMG) signals of their vastus medialis,rectus femoris,vastus lateralis,biceps femoris,semitendinosus and semimembranosus were recorded during knee joint flexion and extension in the prone position.The sEMG signals from both legs were recorded for the patient group,but only from the left leg in the healthy group.The standardized root mean square (stRMS) signals and the co-contraction ratios (CRs) were compared and analysed, Results The stRMSs of the rectus femoris,vastus lateralis and vastus medialis on the patients' affected side during knee extension were significantly higher than those in the healthy group at baseline and follow-up.The stRMSs of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus-semimembranous on the patients' unaffected side were significantly higher than those of the affected side and the healthy group during knee flexion at baseline.The CRs during knee flexion on the patientsˊ affected side at baseline and follow-up were significantly higher than those of the unaffected side at baseline. Conclusions After cerebral infarction,the functioning of both the anterior and posterior thigh muscles on the affected side are impaired.The rectus femoris are the most severely impaired knee extensors,and the biceps femoris,semitendinosus and semimembranous are impaired equally in knee flexion.The thigh flexors and extensors lose their normal antagonist-agonist contraction modes.The functions of both the anterior and posterior thigh muscles should be emphasized during rehabilitation to improve abnormal contraction.

Objective: To develop a method to determine the content of a atractylenolideⅠ in Xiangshayangwei Pills. Methods: Reverse Phase HPLC was used to determine the content of atractylenolideⅠ in Xiangshayangwei Pills. The separation was performed on YWG ODS column with methol water (60∶40) as a mobile phase and the wavelength of UV detector was 220nm. Results: The linearity of this method was well with the average recovery of 99.54%. Conclusion: The method is simple, reliable, and sensitive. It also shows good separating degree. It can be used in quality controll of Xiangshayangwei Pills.

Objective To establish a sensitive and specific liquid chromatography method for the determination of loganin and morroniside in rat serum containing Liuwei Dihuang Formula(LDF).Methods Loganin and morroniside were extracted from the rat serum using SPE column,then separated on a C_(18)column.A HPLC method for determining serum concentration of mor- roniside and loganin in rats before and after administration LDF was established.Results A good linear calibration curve of lo- ganin and morroniside was obtained.The recovery of the method was in the range of 95 %～105 %.The extracted recovery was more than 75 % ,and within-day and intra-day precisions were less than 12 %.Conclusion This method is sensitive, simple and rapid for monitoring of drug level in the study on pharmacokinetics and different combination of LDF.

OBJECTIVE To study the antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial plastics and its depressing effect to biofilm on the plastics′s surface. METHODS Test tube dilution method was adopted to study the antimicrobial activity and spectrum of antimicrobial plastics. Plate live bacterial recording method and scanning electron microscope(SEM) were introduced to study the formation of biofilm. RESULTS Wide inhibiting spectrum to pathogenic microbe such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus aureus,and Escherichia coli was confirmed,and the biofilm was formed after four stages,ie deposit,adhesion,propagation and biofilm formation,and propagation of microbe was found to be inhibited greatly in the surface of antimicrobial plastics,so that the formation of biofilm in the surface of antimicrobial plastics was held back,and the observation of SEM also confirmed that no biofilm was formed in the antimicrobial plastics′s surface. CONCLUSIONS Antimicrobial plastics could inhibit pathogenic microbe remarkably with wide inhibiting spectrum,and it could also depress the formation of biofilm in the surface,which indicated that it is a promising approach to prevent catheter related infections by adopting antimicrobial catheters.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic features of silibinin from Jiqi Injection(JI) in Beagle dogs,and to observe the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins,another active component in JI,on pharmacokinetics of silibinin. Methods The Beagle dogs received intravenous injection of JI and silibinin,and then its plasma sample was collected in different time. The plasma samples of Beagle were prepared by hydrolysis with sulfatase-? glucuronidase complex enzyme and liquid-liquid extraction with aether. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to determine the plasma concentration of silibinin,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were performed by BAPP2.3 program. Results The pharmacokinetics of two tested preparations met with two-compartment model. There were not significant differences between pharmacokinetic parameters of JI and that of Silibinin Injection. Conclusion The silibinin in Jiqi Injection has a fast in-vivo clearance rate after intravenous injection,and Panax notoginseng saponins have no effect on its pharmacokinetic parameters.

Objective To research the influences of gambogic acid on rats'cytochrome P450 isoforms by using the Cocktail probe drugs. Methods Rats were randomly divided into several groups. One group of rats received gambogic acid solution containing 0.5 %CMC-Na (2 mg?mL-1,once per day) orally for six days. At the same time,the rats in the other group received 0.5 %CMC-Na solution serving as blank control group. Blood samples were collect at different time point,and the plasma concentration of cocktail probe drugs was determined by HPLC. Results There was insignificant difference of caffeine and dapsone metabolism between the gambogic acid group and the blank group,but the chlorzoxazone was eliminated faster in the gambogic acid group,and the half life of chlozoxazone was shorter. Conclusion Gambogic acid has no significant influence on the cytochrome P450 isoforms of CYP1A2 and CYP3A4,but has an induction on the CYP2E1.