Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a great knowledge base that has been developed through thousands of years and has been accumulated a wealth of experience in diagnosis and treatment.TCM has advanced concepts,but lag behind the use of modern technology and means.With the progress of modern science and technology,the combination of TCM theory and moderm science and technology promotes the development of TCM engineering.TCM has been a breakthrough in diagnostic techniques and clinical treatment,especially modern TCM instruments.At present,diagnostic instruments of TCM mainly depend on pulse and tongue device,and gradually develop to four diagnostic comprehensive analysis platform.Therapeutic instruments of TCM include electroacupuncture device,meridian instrument,laser treatment device and magnetic therapy instrument.This article focuses on the current status,problems and trend on TCM diagnostic and therapeutic instruments,which mainly include diagnostic instruments,clinical treatment instruments,Chinese medical instruments.

Objective To explore the effects of application of virtual simulation technology in basic nursing practice teaching.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select 204 nursing students of grade 2013 in Fenyang College of Shanxi Medical University as the research subjects.Virtual reality software and simulator were used to build realistic experiment environment.Tasks of virtual simulation training were primary,intermediate and advanced.Questionnaire survey was conducted after training to investigate teaching effects,and theoretical and operating test scores of grade 2013 were compared with those of grade 2012.Results In the primary,intermediate and advanced tasks,there were 87.3％,77％ and 60.8％ of the students having scores of 91～100;theoretical and operating test scores of grade 2013 were better than those of grade 2012(P＜0.01);98％ of the students considered virtual simulation enhanced proficiency of operation,93.1％ of the students considered virtual simulation facilitated learning,91.1％ of the students liked virtual simulation learning,and 90.1％ of the students considered virtual simulation stimulated interests in learning.Conclusion The application of virtual simulation experiment teaching in basic nursing practice teaching can promote the innovation of teaching mode and improve the teaching quality and teaching effect.

ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence,etiology and clinical treatment of the impacted maxillary central incisors.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 29 cases of impacted maxillary central incisors that were randomly selected from the 1000 patients.Age of the patient was ranged from 7 to 23 years with median 11.1 years.Numbers of impacted teeth were 32,in which 22teeth were intraosseous impaction and others were extraosseous.The incidence,etiology,sites and direction of impacted teeth and their treatment approaches were explored in this study.Results Impac tion of maxillary central incisors occurred more frequently in females than in males,with a ratio of 1.0 ∶ 1.2.The ratio of intraosseous impaction to extraosseous one was 11 ∶ 5.The insufficient eruption space of maxillary central incisors was present in 65％ patients,but intermediate and severe crowded teeth only accounted for 15％.The incidence of the abnormal site and position of impacted teeth reached 71 ％.The clinical approach and solution were surgical-orthodontic treatment,transplantation or removal of impacted teeth.ConclusionsThe main cause is abnormity of teeth in the shape and position.Most of the impacted maxillary central incisors could be moved to the correct position by effective treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of applying mind map in experiment teaching of fundamental nursing.Methods The mind map was applied in experiment teaching of fundamental nursing.the students in experimental group (n =36) was taught by mind map teaching method while those in control group (n =36) was taught by traditional method.The experimental group students' evaluation was collected during the experiment and operating examination was conducted for both groups.Results The students in experimental group were in favor of mind map,with each scores higher than three points.The operating examination score of experimental group (87.64 ± 4.23) was higher than that of control group (84.78 ± 4.42),with statistical differences (P =0.007).Conclusions Applying mind map in experiment teaching of fundamental nursing can improve teaching effect,cultivate students' ability of comprehensive analysis and arouse their interests.

AIM To study the effects of sera derived from rats administrated Lugu Ganoderma Lucidum (LGL) on the expression of adhesion molecules ICAM 1 and VCAM 1 induced by oxidative low density lipoprotein (ox LDL) and glycated albumin METHODS The expression of ICAM 1 and VCAM 1 on the surface of endothelial cells was detected by endothelial cell enzyme linked immunosobent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometric technique RESULTS The results by cell ELISA demonstrated that the sera derived from the rats administrated 0 12 g?kg -1 p o of LGL did not show significant effects on theexpression of ICAM 1 induced by ox LDL, but the sera from the rats administrated 0 24 g?kg -1 , 0 72 g?kg -1 po for ten days produced significant effects of inhibiting the expression of ICAM 1 induced by ox LDL and the expression of ICAM 1 and VCAM 1 induced by glycated albumin The results by flow cytometric techniques showed that the sera from the rats administrated 0 72 g?kg -1 for ten days produced the same effect on ICAM 1 induced by ox LDL and glycated albumin CONCLUSION Lugu Ganoderma Lucidum can inhibit the expression of adhesion molecules on the surface of endothelial cells induced by ox LDL and glycated albumin.

AIM To establish an efficient and convenient system for expressing functional proteins. METHODS Xenopus leavis females were injected with HCG, eggs were harvested next morning and dejellied by 2% cysteine, from which the Xenopus leavis egg cell free translating system was prepared. Through subcloning technique, TFAR19 gene was cloned to pBluescript SK plasmid which was linearized by enzyme, then transcript and capped in vitro to synthesis the cRNA of TFAR19. RESULTS This cRNA was translated in freshly prepared cell free translating system, the product was identified by Western Blot. CONCLUSION The results showed that this translating system could efficiently translate TFAR19 cRNA and be a very useful translating tool.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance and relationship of preS1, HBV DNA and HBV-M. Methods PreS1 and HBV-M was detected by ELISA method,and HBV DNA was detected by PCR. Then the results were analyzed. Results In HBV patients,the positive rates of preS1 and HBV DNA had no statistically significant ,they had fine dependability. The detection rate of preS1 in HBeAg(+) group(80.3%) and HBeAg(+)group( 56.3% ) had statistically significant. In some patients,though HBeAg had become negative, HBV still replicated. In HBV DNA replicated patients(≥103 copies/ml) ,the detection rate of HBeAg and preS1 were 51.5% and 70.9% ,they had statistically significant. Conclusion HBV DNA and PreS1 had fine dependability,preSl could reflect the replication of HBV sensitively than HBeAg,it could be used as a reliable new marker of HBV replication in vivo.

Objective:To investigate the cognitive characteristics,dangerous factors and the syndromes in mild cognitive impairment(MCI).Methods: Memory and cognitive function were assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE).The MCI cases and normal controls were assessed by the Delayed Paragraph Story Recall Examination(DPR).A syndrome scale was used to diagnose the syndromes of subjects.The diagnosis of MCI,AD was made according to Petersen’s criteria,NINCDS-ADRDA,respectively.Results: MMSE scores of MCI cases were higher than that of normal controls,a signifi cantly difference was found.Average education level of normal controls was higher than that of MCI cases,but average contractive pressure was lower.Defi ciency of kidney,defi ciency of qi and phlegm syndromes were popular in both MCI cases aormal controls,and MCI cases had increased percentage of combined syndromes.Conclusion:The cognition function of MCI cases was decreased.Cognitive impairment was related to hypertensive disease and low education.As the development of cognitive impairment,complex Chinese medical syndromes appeared.

In order to control the quality of all parts of the process for culturing,preparing and using clinically the human embryo olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs),the conduct standard of culturing human OECs from olfactory bulb is formulated. Because the strict conduct process can reduce the human factor as much as possible and ensure the stability of the cell quality. Therefore,during the culturing process of human embryo OECs, as for the embryo sample of OECs from olfactory bulb,the standard of lab condition and cell culture must be set strictly. The key steps of conduct process must be regulated,the freezing and resuscitating process of OECs must be controlled,the test method for microbial contamination during cell culture must be proposed and the risk must be reduced,then the quality of the human OECs from olfactory bulb can be guaranteed during the clinical application.