As we know more and more about asthma pathogenesis and chronic inflammatory disorder mechanism,and additional immunomodulator options become available.Studies have suggested that Th2 cell differentiation increases,and Th1 cell differentiation reduces in asthma.Therefore,it becomes an important immunotherapy method to modulate the Th1/Th2 response by promoting Th1 cytokines and inhibiting Th2 cytokines.At present,the use of immunomodulator such as anti-IgE antibody,anti-IL-5 agents,CpG oligodeoxynucleotides,imiquimod,bacterial extracts,Chinese medicine in asthma has already made some progress,and besidse it demonstrate great efficacy in clinical.

The characteristics of patients with spinal cord injury are shown as: disorder of the lung function and gas exchange, influence of body position, maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressure decreased, cough, airway obstruction, ect. The management of lung function currently include exercise, pacing therapy and medicine.

AIM To investigate the roles of Cl- channels in Ca2+ influx induced by activaion of al- adrenoceptor subtypes in transfected-CHO cells. METHODS The effects of drugs on ?1A、?1B and ?1D- AR-induced Ca2+ influx were investigated with Fura2 fluorescence technique. RESULTS The ?1A-AR- induced Ca2+ influx was inhibited by furosemide(2 .5 ~ 10 M?mol?L- 1 )and SK&F96365(5- 15 ?mol?L- 1 ) in a concentration- dependent manner respectively; The ?1B-AR-induced Ca2+ influx could also be inhibit inhibited by NFA(2. 5 ~ 10 ?mol? L-1 ), whereas the alD AR-induced Ca2+ influx was only suppressed by NFA. In ?1B-CHO cells, Adr-triggered Ca2+ influx could be further inhibited by NFA or furosemide after the maximal inhibition by SK&F96365;SK&F96365 could further inhibit Ca2+ influx which had been inhibited by NFA or furosemide. In ?1A-CHO cells, Adr-triggered Ca2+ influx could be further inhibited by SK&F96365 after had been inhibited by furosemide; furosemide could not further inhibite Ca2+ influx which had been inhibited by S&F96365. CONCLUSION There are different characteristics of CI- channels related to ?1A、 ?1B and ?1D-AR-induced Ca2+ influx.

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Montelukast combined with Huang Qi Huai in the treatment of asthma.MethodsForty male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were chosen and randomly divided into five groups:control group (Control),model group (Model),Montelukast group (MK),Huang Qi Huai group (H),Montelukast + Huang Qi Huai group (MK + H),each group has 8 rats.The other four groups except the control group were built to chronic rat asthma model.The treatment groups were administered intragastrically with Montelukast,Huang Qi Huai and Montelukast + Huang Qi Huai respectively.All animals were sacrificod; plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and superior lobe of right lung tissues were collected.Superior lobes of right lung tissues were used to measure the expression of IL-17 in lung tissue by immunohistochemistry.The airway inflammation was analyzed by histochemistry staining with H.E.Total cells score and differential score in BALF were counted.The levels of IL-17 in the plasma and BALF were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsCompared with the control group,the degree of inflammatory cell around the airway in the model group were significantly higher (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group model,the degree of inflammatory cell around the airway in the Group MK,group H and group MK + H were significantly ameliorated ( P ＜0.05).Compared with Group MK,the degree of inflammatory cell around the airway in group MK + H was significantly ameliorated ( P ＜O.05),the expression of IL-17 in lung tissues was significantly lower ( P ＜0.05),the numbers of total cells and the concentration of IL-17 in plasma and BALF were decreased too ( P ＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the level of IL-17 in the plasma and BALF was positively correlated with the level of IL-17 in the lung tissue( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsCombined Huang Qi Huai adjuvant Montelukast treatment of asthmatic rat further reduced the concentration of IL-17 in the plasma and BALF,reduced the expression of IL-17 in lung tissue,improved the airway inflammation.Down regulation the expression of IL-17 was probably one of the mechanisms of anti-inflammatory.

Aquaporins (AQP), abundant in diversity, are the member of the major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) family with extraordinary ability to transport water, and thus, play important roles in modulation of water relations in plants. The recent advances in classification, structural characteristics, and physiological functions during plant growth and development as well as the various regulation modes of the activity and the effects of several abiotic stresses (water stress and salt stress) and phytohormones (ABA, GA and ethylene) on the gene expression of AQP were reviewed.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonic features and differential diagnosis of superficial neurilemmoma ,and improve diagnostic accuracy of superficial neurilemmoma by ultrasound .Methods Retrospectively analyse the ultrasonic findings of 51 ca-ses ,which confirmed for superficial neurilemmoma by pathology ,and analyse the misdiagnosis reason from the aspects of size , shape ,boundary ,internal echo ,blood flow signals .Results Superficial neurilemmoma had some characteristics in the shape ,bound-ary ,internal echo ,blood flow signals and so on .However ,the key point to differentiate it from other diseases was to identify the re-lationship with peripheral nerve .In this study ,the coincidence rate of ultrasonoic diagnosis with pathologic diagnosis was 78 .4% . Conclusion Superficial neurilemmoma have some similarity with neurofibroma or sebaceous cyst on ultrasonographic images .When making diagnosis ,especial attention should be paid to identify the relationship of neurilemmoma with peripheral nerve .

Objective To evaluate the effect of Jianpi Bushen Formula(Formula for Invigorating Spleen and Nourishing Kidney) combined with moxibustion on quality of life(QOL) and maturation degree of vaginal exfoliate cells(MDVEC) in premature ovarian failure(POF) patients.Methods Totally 55 POF patients were randomized into treatment group(33 cases,treated by Jianpi Bushen Formula with moxibustion) and control group(22 cases,treated by Premarine).Menopause-specified quality of life(MENQOL) was adopted to evaluate QOL of the patients.Maturation index(MI) and maturation value(MV) were applied to evaluate MDVEC.Results The scores of MENQOL of both groups were improved and the effect of the treatment group(except sexual life dimension) was superior to that of the control group(P

AIM: To investigate the relationship between chloride channels and the Ca 2+influx induced by adrendine(Adr). METHODS: The effects of drugs on Adr-induced Ca 2+influx were investigated with Fura-2 fluorescence technique. RESULTS: Adr-induced Ca 2+influx was inhibited by nifedipine,SK&F96365,NFA and furosemide in a concentration manner respectively; Ca 2+influx could be further inhibited by NFA or furosemide after the maximal inhibition by SK&F96365;SK&F96365 also could further inhibit the Ca 2+influx which had been inhibited by NFA or furosemide. Genistein and vanadate could reduce or increase the Ca 2+influx respectively. CONCLUSION: Ca 2+influx induced by Adr is related to VDC and ROC, and chloride channels involves in the processes.The levels of tyrosine phosphoralation affect the Ca 2+influx.

Objective To assess the contraction and coordination changes in the anterior and posterior thigh muscles of patients recovering from cerebral infarction,and to provide objective references for targeted rehabilitation programs. Methods Eighteen cerebral infarction patients with mild hemiparesis (the patient group) and eighteen age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers (the healthy group) were investigated. The surface-electromyographic (sEMG) signals of their vastus medialis,rectus femoris,vastus lateralis,biceps femoris,semitendinosus and semimembranosus were recorded during knee joint flexion and extension in the prone position.The sEMG signals from both legs were recorded for the patient group,but only from the left leg in the healthy group.The standardized root mean square (stRMS) signals and the co-contraction ratios (CRs) were compared and analysed, Results The stRMSs of the rectus femoris,vastus lateralis and vastus medialis on the patients' affected side during knee extension were significantly higher than those in the healthy group at baseline and follow-up.The stRMSs of the biceps femoris and semitendinosus-semimembranous on the patients' unaffected side were significantly higher than those of the affected side and the healthy group during knee flexion at baseline.The CRs during knee flexion on the patientsˊ affected side at baseline and follow-up were significantly higher than those of the unaffected side at baseline. Conclusions After cerebral infarction,the functioning of both the anterior and posterior thigh muscles on the affected side are impaired.The rectus femoris are the most severely impaired knee extensors,and the biceps femoris,semitendinosus and semimembranous are impaired equally in knee flexion.The thigh flexors and extensors lose their normal antagonist-agonist contraction modes.The functions of both the anterior and posterior thigh muscles should be emphasized during rehabilitation to improve abnormal contraction.