AIM To investigate the roles of Cl- channels in Ca2+ influx induced by activaion of al- adrenoceptor subtypes in transfected-CHO cells. METHODS The effects of drugs on ?1A、?1B and ?1D- AR-induced Ca2+ influx were investigated with Fura2 fluorescence technique. RESULTS The ?1A-AR- induced Ca2+ influx was inhibited by furosemide(2 .5 ~ 10 M?mol?L- 1 )and SK&F96365(5- 15 ?mol?L- 1 ) in a concentration- dependent manner respectively; The ?1B-AR-induced Ca2+ influx could also be inhibit inhibited by NFA(2. 5 ~ 10 ?mol? L-1 ), whereas the alD AR-induced Ca2+ influx was only suppressed by NFA. In ?1B-CHO cells, Adr-triggered Ca2+ influx could be further inhibited by NFA or furosemide after the maximal inhibition by SK&F96365;SK&F96365 could further inhibit Ca2+ influx which had been inhibited by NFA or furosemide. In ?1A-CHO cells, Adr-triggered Ca2+ influx could be further inhibited by SK&F96365 after had been inhibited by furosemide; furosemide could not further inhibite Ca2+ influx which had been inhibited by S&F96365. CONCLUSION There are different characteristics of CI- channels related to ?1A、 ?1B and ?1D-AR-induced Ca2+ influx.

Objective To study the factors related to hyperuricaemia in type 2 diabetic patients and to investigate the effect of serum uric acid levels on the metabolic syndrome.Methods During March 2007 and March 2008 731 cases were divided into 2 groups according to their uric acid levels,then the relationship between serum uric acid and metabolic parameters and the complications in two groups were observed.Results There was a positive correlation between uric acid levels and triglycerides,body mass index,blood pressure(P

Objective To study the value of MRI and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(H 1-MRS)for neonatal hypoxic-is-chemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (H 1-MRS)were performed in 30 cases of full-term neonates with HIE,and 10 infant control group without evidence of birth asphyxia. Cerebral MRI and H 1-MRS were performed within 1 5 days after birth.The results of H 1-MRS such as subwave crest values of me-tabolites in lesion areas were recorded.The data were analyzed statistically.Results (1)MRI showed abnormal fetures of HIE such as diffuse cerebral edema,loss of hyperintensity in the posterior limb of the internal capsule on T1 WI,gyrus sign,diffuse parenchy-mal hemorrhage,which could predict the severity of brain damage.(2)On H 1-MRS,the ratio of Lac/Cr in HIE group was much higer than that in control group,which was statistically significant (P <0.05).The ratio of Lac/Cr showed a rising trend with clini-cal grading of HIE.The ratio of NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho were lower in HIE group than that in control group (P <0.05),which showed a trend of gradually reduce with clinical grading of HIE.The difference between ratio of Glx-α/Cr in HIE group and control group was also significantly,the moderate-severe group was much higher than the mild group and control group.There was no sig-nificant difference in the ratio of Cho/Cr between the 4 groups.Conclusion The combination of MRI and H 1-MRS can objectively re-flect brain morphology and metabolic changes of HIE,and evaluate the severity of the brain injury,and provide an effective evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between chloride channels and the Ca 2+influx induced by adrendine(Adr). METHODS: The effects of drugs on Adr-induced Ca 2+influx were investigated with Fura-2 fluorescence technique. RESULTS: Adr-induced Ca 2+influx was inhibited by nifedipine,SK&F96365,NFA and furosemide in a concentration manner respectively; Ca 2+influx could be further inhibited by NFA or furosemide after the maximal inhibition by SK&F96365;SK&F96365 also could further inhibit the Ca 2+influx which had been inhibited by NFA or furosemide. Genistein and vanadate could reduce or increase the Ca 2+influx respectively. CONCLUSION: Ca 2+influx induced by Adr is related to VDC and ROC, and chloride channels involves in the processes.The levels of tyrosine phosphoralation affect the Ca 2+influx.

Objective To investigate MRI findings and its relationship with clinical grading and prognosis of infant muggy syn-drome (IMS).Methods Twenty five cases of IMS diagnosed newly and nine cases of IMS with follow-up were collected.MRI find-ings were retrospectively analyzed and compared with their clinical data.Results Seven early abnormal signs could be shown on cer-ebral MRI examination.There was no correlation between the clinical grading and three abnormal signs,which were subdural effu-sion,supratentorial cerebral edema and subarachnoid hemorrhage (P >0.05).In contrast,the other four abnormal signs (abnormal signal of subcortex and cortex,diffuse cerebral hemorrhage,basal ganglia and corpus callosum edema or infarction,large area cere-bral infarction)were closely related to the severity of clinical symptom (P <0.05).MRI findings had certain correlation with clinical classification.Conclusion MRI can objectively reflect the serious change of brain damage in IMS,and provide important information for clinical therapy and prognosis.

Objective To evaluate the imaging features and causes of cerebral cortical laminar necrosis(CLN) in children,to improve understanding this sign.Methods The imaging and clinical data of 33 children diagnosed with CLN were analyzed retrospectively.The imaging features of CT and MRI were summarized and compared according to their etiologies.Results Children cerebral CLN involved multiple lobes of bilateral hemicerebrum, including the cortical region, subcortical region and basal ganglia region, and linear or gyral shape,patchy shape and punctate shape abnormal density or signal were demonstrated.The typical imaging features were high-signal intensity over the lateral cortical surfaces or along the gyri on T1WI and FLAIR.Diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) showed high signal with restricted diffusion on acute-stage, and Gd-DTPA enhancement demonstrated linear or gyrate enhanced appearance on early-stage.The extent of CLN of cerebral infarction was relatively limited.Acute anoxic encephalopathy showed an early imaging change and extensive involvement.While chronic anoxic encephalopathy and inflammatory encephalopathy showed a late imaging change and a longer existence.Conclusion Children cerebral CLN may have various causes and imaging features,and show characteristic chronological signal changes on imaging studies.The different causes result in the different patterns for CLN in distribution and time distribution.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of pulmonary function after completed cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) and the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation with abdominal pressure. Methods 32 male patients with CSCI were measured with pulmonary function test (PFT), and 10 of them accepted pulmonary rehabilitation with 3～5 kg pressure on their abdomen 30 min per day for 8 weeks. Results Their forced expiratory volume in one second （FEV1）, vital capacity （VC）, forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) were all less than 50% prediction. After 8 weeks, the pulmonary function of 10 patients who received exercise significantly improved (P<0.01). Conclusion The pulmonary function impaired in patients with CSCI. The pulmonary rehabilitation with pressure on abdomen can improve the pulmonary function.

Objective To evaluate the application effects of mind map in community health education of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Methods 65 rheumatoid arthritis patients from Shunqing district of Nanchong City, Sichuan Province were randomly divided into an observation group (n=33) and a control group(n=32). Both groups received six-month health education. Health educators utilized mind map for the observation group and traditional health education for the control group. Before and after implementation, the two groups' mastery of disease knowledge was compared. During the period of 1, 3, 6 months, two groups received compliance evaluation respectively. During the study period, a questionnaire was given to the observation group to collect their attitude towards the mind map health education and their evaluation about it. Measurement data was represented by x ± s, using group t-test design information and single-sample t-test. χ2test was used in the count data for compar-ison between groups with test levelα=0.05. Results The scores of disease knowledge were as follows. Before implementation there was no statistically significant difference between two groups (P=0.921);After implementation, the score of observation group was(19.97±3.03), while the score of control group was(17.59±3.11), the difference was statistically significant(t=3.122,P=0.003). The difference of 1,3,6-month compliance scores was statistically significant(t=2.173,P=0.034;t=2.371,P=0.021;t=2.615,P=0.011) with the observation group's scores(18.24±3.44),(18.94±3.25),(19.64±3.06) respectively,and the control group's scores(16.47±3.13),(16.97±3.45),(17.44±3.70). Observation group's attitude questionnaire scores of each project are > 3, and there was significant difference be-tween two groups (P=0.000). Conclusion Mind mapping method can be used in community health education for rheumatoid arthritis patients to help patients master the knowledge of the disease and improve the compliance. Its effect is better than traditional methods.

Objective To improve the diagnostic level of the holoprosencephaly (HPE) disease in children by imaging analysis. Methods From May 2007 to August 2015, 14 cases of HPE in children were collected (7 males and 7 females, aged 2 days to 8 years, mean 14 months). Two cases were showed as sucking difficulty and convulsions frequently after birth. Mental and motor development defects were showed in 12 cases, in which 4 cases were associated with cleft lip and palate deformities and 1 case with microcephaly. Of the 14 cases, CT scan was performed in 7 cases and MRI scan in 7 cases. Results All 14 cases were consistent with the diagnostic criteria of HPE according to the imaging findings of literatures reviewed. Four cases were showed as semilobar HPE, 8 cases were lober HPE, and 2 cases were middle interhemispheric fusion variant. There were thirteen cases were associated with corpus callosum agenesis, including 2 cases were with heterotopic gray matter. Putamen and caudate partia fusion were showed in 6 cases, and thalamus partia fusion in 3 cases. One case was associated with schizencephaly, 4 cases were palate malformation, one case was microcephaly, and one case was cerebellar hypoplasia. Conclusion CT and MRI scan could contribute to diagnosis and classification of holoprosencephaly, and determine whether HPE was associated with other neurological abnormalities. MRI scan should be the first choice for HPE diagnosis.

Objective To elucidate the function of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway underlying the regulation of Na+-I-symporter (NIS) and the influence of different levels of iodine on PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in lactating breast cells.Methods The primary cultured mammary gland cells were divided into three groups:①control group [0 μmol/L LY294002 + 0 μg/L insulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ)];②stimulation group (50 μg/L IGF-Ⅰ);③inhibition group (40 μmo]/L LY294002 + 50 μg/L IGF-Ⅰ).In addition,the cells were treated with different iodine contents (0,5,50,1 000,3 000 μg/L) for low iodine groups 1 and 2,iodine group,high iodine groups 1 and 2,and IGF-Ⅰ (50 μg/L) was used to stimulate PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.The expressions of AKT and NIS mRNA and protein were determined by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting,respectively.Results The expression of AKT mRNA (1.497 ± 0.550) in stimulation group was higher than that in inhibition group (0.777 ± 0.108,P ＜ 0.05),while the expression of NIS mRNA and protein in stimulation group (0.783 ± 0.187,0.618 ± 0.103) was lower than those in inhibition group (2.430 ± 1.423,1.417 ± 0.250,all P ＜ 0.05).With the iodine concentration increasing,except high iodine group 1 (1.090 ± 0.356),the expression of AKT mRNA in low iodine groups 1 and 2,iodine group,high iodine group 2 (1.758 ± 0.893,1.320 ± 0.538,1.003 ± 0.006,0.745 ± 0.307) tended to decline;total AKT protein (0.640 ± 0.106,0.601 ± 0.081,0.583 ± 0.089,0.555 ± 0.097,0.532 ± 0.023) and NIS mRNA (2.259 ± 0.682,1.823 ± 0.332,1.409 ± 0.366,1.321 ± 0.405,1.150 ± 0.454) tended to decline in low iodine groups 1 and 2,iodine group,high iodine groups 1 and 2;except low iodine group 2 (0.484 ± 0.179),NIS protein expression tended to decline (0.556 ± 0.199,0.502 ± 0.179,0.455 ± 0.126,0.435 ± 0.138);however,except low iodine group 2 (0.076 ± 0.045),the p-AKT protein expressions (0.078 ± 0.049,0.079 ± 0.040,0.085 ± 0.055,0.095 ± 0.051) were on the rise.Conclusion PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may play an inhibition role in the expression of NIS in lactating breast cells.