Objective:To understand the progress in AIDS/HIV research over the last 10 years through a bibliometric approach.Methods:The literatures were searched in Web of Science citation database(1996-2005)using the following terms:"HIV*"or"AIDS"or"human immunodeficiency virus*"or"acquired immune deficiency syndrome".The searching results were analyzed by the Derwent Analytics software concerning the article numbers and the total citations by countries,institutes and authors,and AIDS/HIV magazine distribution,in an effort to discover AIDS/HIV research progress in and outside China in recent years.Results:The annual numbers(about 12000)of AIDS/HIV articles published in Web of Science had little change from 1996 to 2005.The U.S.played a leading role the AIDS/HIV research in the world;China has made a great progress in AIDS/HIV research in the recent years,but still lagging far behind western countries like the U.S.,England, France,Italy,German,etc.The etiology,pathogenesis of AIDS,the HIV coreceptors(CXCR4 and CCRS),and HIV drugs and vaccines were the focuses of AIDS/HIV research in the world in the recent years;meanwhile,the isolation,purification and function of antiviral and antifungal proteins from plants,HIV coreceptors(CXCR4 and CCR5),and APOBEC3G protein were the focuses in China.Conclusion:Due to the worldwide epidemic of AIDS/HIV and the increasing attention from scientists,the prevention and treatment of AIDS/HIV had been a research focus in recent years.The research of AIDS/HIV in China has been progressing rapidly,but still lagging behind its international peers.The research contents and focuses of China are different from the international ones.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of sever acute pancreatitis (SAP) with high triglyceride(TG). Methods 82 patients with onset of SAP within 72 hours were involved in this study. These patients were divided into high TG group (n=26) and normal TG group (n=56) according to serum TG lev-els tested (high TG group≥1.7 mmoL/L;normal TG group<1.7 mmol/L on admission). Results 31.71% (26/82) SAP patients were discovered with high TG APACHE-Ⅱ grade of high TG group was higher than that of normal TG group on admission[(14.62±7.58) vs (10.68±5.21),P<0.01]. Within the onset of 72 hours,the incidence of cardiac,pulmonary and kidney dysfunction in high TG group was higher than those of normal TG group (34.62%,34.62% and 19.23% vs 5.36%,3.57% and 1.79%,P<0.01),and the incidence of pancreatic pseudocysts was higher in high TG group than that of normal group(42.31% vs 7.14%,P<0.01). No emergency and early-stage surgical cases in high TG group but 13 cases(23.21%) in normal group. There were 2 cases of high TG group and 4 of normal group averting to operation. Conclusion SAP patients with high TG have high incidence of early-stage organ dysfunction and local complication,in this case nonsurgical intervention is the first choice.

Objective To determine the effects of prostaglandin E_2 alone and the combination with omeprazole for poisoning related acute mucosal lesion. Methods Forty-two healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group (control), methamidophos poisoning model group (intox), 10 mg/kg omeprazole group (ome1), 50 mg/kg omeprazole group (ome2), 10 μg/kg prostaglandin E_2 group (PG1), 50 μg/kg prostaglandin E_2 group (PG2), 10 μg/kg prostaglandin E_2 combined with 10 mg/ kg omeprazole group (union). The gastric ulcer index was counted and the content of serum cholinesterase, endothelin, and tumor necrosis factor were measured, and dependability was analyzed. Results There was no obvious difference between the prostaglandin group and the poisoning model group in gastric ulcer index, endothelin, and tumor necrosis factor. The omeprazole alone and the combination treatment could improve the acute gastric mucosa lesion induced by methamidophos poisoning. Conclusion Prostaglandin E_2 alone can not obviously improve the acute gastric mucosa lesion by methamidophos poisoning. The combination with omeprazole may be a promising treatment.

Objective To study the anti-arrhythmia effect of crocetin and corresponding mechanism.Methods Animals (rats or guinea pigs) were randomly and equally divided into five groups:saline control group,positive drug control group,low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose crocetin group.Animals were anesthetized with urethane (1.2g/kg),then followed by the perfusion of aconitine (10?g/mL) through caudal vein in rats,or of ouabain (9?g/mL) through external jugular vain in guinea pigs in a constant velocity of 0.1mL/min,and the emergence time of ventricular fibrillation (VF),ventricular extrasystole (VE),ventricular tachycanlia (VT) and cardiac arrest (CA) were then detected and recorded.The recorded time was then translated to the cumulated amount of aconitine and ouabain.Experimental arrhythmia was induced by rapid injection of 4% CaCl2 (140mg/kg),and the emergence time,persistence time,incidence and death of arrhythmia after the administration were observed.Results Compared with the animals in saline control group,obvious anti-arrhythmia effects of crocetin were observed in those animals in each of crocetin groups (P

Objective:To investigate the change in myogenin expression at different time in long-term denervated human posterior cricoarytenoid muscles(PCAMs),so as to provide a theoretical basis for timing of reinnervation.Methods: Thisty-eight specimens of denervated human PCAMs were divided into 4 groups according to the period of denervation: 6-12 months denervation group(n=12),1-2 years denervation group(n=10),2-3 years denervation group(n=8),and over 3 years denervation group(n=8).Another 12 specimens of normal PCAMs served as control.The patients in all groups were age-and sex-matched.The expression of myogenin protein and mRNA was studied using immunofluorescence staining and real-time PCR analysis,respectively.Results: Immunofluorescence staining showed that the positive myogenin expression was mainly!found in the myonuclei of PCAMs with a denervation period less than 3 years;no positive staining was found in the myonuclei of control group.The expression of myogenin in myonuclei and the ratio of positive cells were up-regulated in the 6-12 month denervation group compared with those in the control group;the expression and the ratio peaked in 1-2 years denervation group and decreased again in the 2-3 years denervation group,but was still significantly higher than those of the control group(all P

Objective:To study the morphological changes of posterior cricoarytenoid muscles(PCM) in patients with long-term denervation of recurrent laryngeal nerve(RLN),so as to provide theoretical evidence for repair of recurrent laryngeal nerve at advanced clinical stage.Methods: Thirty-eight patients with damaged RLN were divided into 4 groups according to the duration of their RLN damage: 6-12 months group(n=12),1-2 years group(n=10),2-3 years group(n=8),and over 3 years group(n=8).Twelve subjects with normal PCM served as control.Trichrome Masson staining and imaging analyzing system were used to quantitatively analyze the transverse section areas of myofibers,collagen fiber and connective tissues.SDH and AchE staining and cell counting method were used to analyze changes of two kinds of myofibers and motor end plate numbers at different times after denervation of recurrent laryngeal nerve.Results: The transverse areas of myofibers gradually decreased and those of collagen fibers gradually increased with the prolongation of denervation;the difference was significant between different groups(P

Objective To explore modification of islet cell function in type 2 diabetes by the treatment of insulin detemir and insulin aspart.Methods A total of 68 patients with diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomized into two grouops,the control group (insulin glargine combined with insulin aspart)and observation group (insulin detemir combined with insulin aspart),each group had 34 cases.Before and after treatment,fasting insulin and 2 h postprandial insulin,glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),C peptide and fructosamine (FMN)levels were compared in two groups,and the treatment safety was observed.Results After treatment,fasting insulin and C -peptide levels in the two groups were significantly increased than before treatment(P <0.05 ).In observation group,2 h postprandial insulin level (29.97 ±9.18)mIU /L was significantly higher than before treatment (20.79 ±7.49)mIU /L(t =4.52,P =0.00), which was better than the control group (24.67 ±7.69)mIU /L,the difference was significant (t =2.58,P =0.01). After treatment,postprandial 2h C peptide levels in the two groups had no significant differences compared with before treatment (P >0.05).In the observation group,except for 2h postprandial insulin levels,other indicators had no significant differences compared with the control group (P >0.05 ).After treatment,FMN and HbA1c in the two groups decreased significantly compared with before treatment(P <0.05 ),but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P >0.05).During treatment,both two groups observed hypoglycemia,but there were no severe adverse reactions.Conclusion The clinical application of insulin detemir combined with insulin aspart in the treatment of type 2 diabetes can significantly improve the insulin -producing cells and accelerate functional recovery, and the clinical effect is better than the united aspart insulin glargine,with no significant adverse reactions,it can be recommended as a clinical type 2 diabetes treatment drug of choice.

Objective To systematic review the methodological quality of guidelines for Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in children, to provide a reference for clinical evidence-based medicine. Methods Guidelines concerning GBS were electronically retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, CBM, Wanfang data, CNKI and Vip. The guide databases includes major medical institutions and industry sites such as NGC, GIN, TRIP , CDC, IDSA, AAP, WHO, Chinese Health and Family Planning Committee website, library of clinical guidelines China and Chinese clinical guidelines for collaboration. All the data were searched from inception of the database or network to Oct. 2013. Two reviews independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and assessed the quality of guideline using the AGREEⅡ. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to examine the conformance of the raters' evaluation scores. Results A total of 5 guidelines concerning GBS were included, with a time range from 2003 to 2012, and origins from USA, EU and Canada. The final recommendation levels of the 5 articles were level B. According to the AGREEⅡ, domain 3 and 4 showed the higher scores, and scores were generally low in domain 5. Plasma exchange (PE) and intravenous immuneglobulin (IVIG) showed positive effects on the treatment of GBS. But it was not recommended that combined PE and IVIG. Corticosteroids are also not recommended for GBS treatment. Conclusions The recommendations of medicines for GBS are basically consistent. However, the classification criteria of the levels of evidence and recommendation are still unconsistent and suboptimal. The guidelines on GBS should be improved in“Applicability”in future.

Objective To evaluate the effects of irregular hepatectomy combined with chemotherapy by placing pump inside hepatic artery on the postoperative recurrence rate and the postoperative survival rate. Methods The clinical data of 66 cases of hepatic cancer treated in the last 15 years were reviewed. 48 cases out of 66 cases were treated with simple hepatectomy and 18 cases with hepatectomy combined with chemotherapy by placing pump inside hepatic artery. Results There was a significant diference in the 1 year or 3 years or 5 years recurrence rate which were 66.7% to 38.9%, 85.4% to 55.6%, 93.8% to 72.2%, respectively in simple hepatectomy group and operation-chemotherapy group ( P

Vascular Ti-Ni alloy stent which has the special shape memory and superelastic was analyzed about the effect on interaction with plaque and vessels and blood flow using finite element method(FEM) with COSMOS Works and computational fluid dynamics(CFD) with COSMOS FloWorks.The results showed that COSMOS could exactly simulate the hyperelasticity of Ti-Ni alloy stent;shape memory could cause great compliance of vessels but not easily damage vascular wall;the hyperelasticity might cause stronger supporting force to properly shorten length of supporting tendon so as to increase the supporting force of the stent;the compliance was beneficial for blood circulation and decrease incidence of vascular restenosis.