Relative problems in the management of HIV antibody primary screening lab are discussed, including laborato-ry building, staffing and training, equipment management, document management, reagent management, quality control and security protection. It is pointed out that the standardized laboratory management is an important part of the HIV antibody primary screening lab's quality Control.

Objective To explore the contamination of water samples from centralized air conditioning system and other domestic environment by legionella. Methods One hundred and eighty-six samples were collected from 75 sampling sites located among centralized air conditioning system, shower bath and humidifiers. The serology identification and semi-nested PCR were used to identify legionella in water samples. Results The positive rate was 8.60% (16/186) for legionella and 8.06%(15/186) for Legionella pneumophila among water samples respectively. Legionella and Legionella pneumophila were found in cooling water and condensate of centralized air conditioning system and water from shower bath in different degree. Water samples from cooling tower of centralized air conditioning system showed the highest positive rate for legionella and Legionella pneumophila. Conclusion Cooling water and condensate of centralized air conditioning system and water from shower bath present the risk of contamination by legionella. It should be paid more attention to prevent legionnaires' disease.

0.05).Significant differences were found tetween preoperation versus postoperation in both groups(P

Objective To investigate the clinical autopsy results of patients died of cardiovascular disease or other disease complicated with cardiac damage. Methods Complete autopsy was performed on 86 cases with uncertain cause of death. Through integrating clinical diagnosis and treatment with gross autopsy findings and microscopic observations, 86 autopsies were determined the major cause of death. Results In 86 autopsies, 69 cases were heart disease. Differences between pathological diagnosis and clinical diagnosis were compared. Twenty-seven cases were cardiac deaths, with diagnosis accrodance rate of 81. 5%. Fortytwo cases died of non-cardiac disease but complicated with heart disease or involving the heart which accelerated the death in patients, with accordance rate of 78.6%. Conclusion Scientific and correct performance of autopsy was important to determine the causes of death, to promote development of related disciplines and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases.

Objective To determine the effects of prostaglandin E_2 alone and the combination with omeprazole for poisoning related acute mucosal lesion. Methods Forty-two healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group (control), methamidophos poisoning model group (intox), 10 mg/kg omeprazole group (ome1), 50 mg/kg omeprazole group (ome2), 10 μg/kg prostaglandin E_2 group (PG1), 50 μg/kg prostaglandin E_2 group (PG2), 10 μg/kg prostaglandin E_2 combined with 10 mg/ kg omeprazole group (union). The gastric ulcer index was counted and the content of serum cholinesterase, endothelin, and tumor necrosis factor were measured, and dependability was analyzed. Results There was no obvious difference between the prostaglandin group and the poisoning model group in gastric ulcer index, endothelin, and tumor necrosis factor. The omeprazole alone and the combination treatment could improve the acute gastric mucosa lesion induced by methamidophos poisoning. Conclusion Prostaglandin E_2 alone can not obviously improve the acute gastric mucosa lesion by methamidophos poisoning. The combination with omeprazole may be a promising treatment.

Objective To observe the changes of Endothelin,Tumor Necrosis Factor in different stress; and to explore the corelation between the changes of Endothelin,Tumor Necrosis Factor and the occurrence of stress-related gastric mucosal disease.Methods The models of the acute methamidophos poison and the acute myocardial infarction in rats were made.The gastric ulcer index was counted and the content of blood plasma Endothelin and blood serum Tumor Necrosis Factor were checked.Results Models of the acute methamidophos poison and the acute myocardial infarction in rats were set up successfully. The gastric ulcer index of rats in the stress groups increased.The blood plasma Endothelin and blood serum Tumor Necrosis Factor in the stress group were significantly higher than those in the control group.Conclusion The gastric mucosal disease under different stress was observed with the gastric mucosal ulcer index.The blood plasm Endothelin and blood serum Tumor Necrosis Factor under different stress were increased,suggesting they play an important role in this phenomenen.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of "Standard" EEG,which include common induced test with sleeping induce(1.5 to 2.0 h) and choice sphenoidal electrode description in epilepsy.Methods 236 epileptic patients were inspected with routine,standard EEG early and late, and then they were diagnosed primarily and once more.Results The epileptic discharges positive rate(81.36%) of standard EEG was higher than routine EEG (29.66%),(P

Objective From the point of view of pharmaceutical economics,to analyze and compare the clinical efficacy,safety,compliance and economic effect of three kinds of scheme:1.moxifloxacin,2.moxifioxacin combined with ambroxol,3.azithromycin combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB).Methods Retrieval Chinese joumal full-text database,Wanfang medical database and Chinese science and technology periodical full-text database,included three options for the treatment of AECB randomized controlled trial (RCT) literature,through the analysis of the data to make drug economics evaluation.Results The total effective rates of three programs were 94.92％,95.08％,94.90％,the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The cost-effectiveness ratios were 213.34,536.40,61.22.Conclusion The efficacy of three treatment options is similar,azithromycin combined with levofloxacin has economic advantages.

Surgical base teaching is an important part of medical education.It is the important tache whether the medicos can become excellent doctors.The thesis analyses the young surgeon's problems in their working abilities in hospital,and discusses the strategies of how to improve the quality of surgical teaching,aiming to establish a solid foundation for the cultivation of the medicos.

Objective To explore neuronal damage in epileptic patients after seizures.Methods The serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the epileptic patients were dynamically determined after seizures by enzyme-linked immuno-sandwich assy. Results The serum and CSF levels of NSE in the epileptic patients were markedly increased after seizures. The serum levels of NSE peaked 1 day after seizure, decreased about one week later,and then returned to normal after two weeks or so. The serum and CSF levels of NSE were much higher in the epileptic patients with tic or frequency.Conclusion NSE in serum and CSF could reach higher levels after seizures, suggesting that neuronal damage may result from seizures,especially when tic and frequency occur.