ObJeetive To report a simple and efficient method to label two different types of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in mouse retina.Methods Eyeballs were harvested from normal adult C57 BL/6 J mouse,the retinas were isolated,four radial cuts were done,the retinas were pasted on the nitrocellulose membrane with the ganglion cell layer upturned.The immunofluorescence double staining and laser confocal nmicroscope was used to reveal conventional retinal ganglion cells and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) using Brn3a and Melanopsin.Results The double staining results of whole mount retina showed that conventional RGCs and melanopsin immunopositive ipRGCs had a complementary distribution in mouse retina,these two subtypes of RGCs were predominantly present in the ganglion cell layer.The numbers of ipRGCs was just about 1％-2％ of conventional RGCs,and the axons of ipRGCs toward the direction of the optic disc,several dendrites toward the inner plaximem layer.Conclusion The immunofluorescence double staining of whole mount retina is a simple,stable and efficient method to label two different types of mouse RGCs.

[Objective]To evaluate the accuracy of computer-assisted cervical pedicle screw installation and discuss the reasons of screw malposition.[Method]Totally 144 cervical pedicle screws were installed by computer-assisted navigation in 25 patients with lower cervical spinal disease.All the patients were examined by X-rays and CT after operation.Screw position and direction were measured on the sagittal and transsection image of intraoperative navigation and post-operative CT.The result was analyzed statistically.[Result]Two screws perforated the upper pedicle wall,3 deviated from the lateral pedicle wal1.There was no statistical difference in screw position or direction between navigation and CT image.Navigational images were based on the principle of rigid tissue.[Conclusion]Computer-assisted navigation can improve the accuracy of cervical pedicle screw installation.Screw malposition is responsible for the excursion phenomenon.

Objective To investigate the effects of different types of anesthesia on the incidence rates of low-er respiratory tract infections of elderly patients in orthopedic department.Methods Clinical data from 445 elderly patients in orthopedic department were collected and retrospectively analyzed.We also investigated the relationship be-tween the types of anesthesia and the lower respiratory tract infections.Results The incidence rates of lower respira-tory tract infections were 23.08%in 169 cases,12.14%in 173 cases,and 4.85%in 103 cases after general anesthe-sia with tracheal intubation,intraspinal anesthesia,and nerve blocking anesthesia,respectively.There was statistically significant difference in the infection rates among the three groups (χ2 =13.784,P=0.001).Conclusion Different ways of anesthesia is critically correlated with the incidence of the lower respiratory tract infections in elderly patients.

AIM:To determine whether caudatin , a C21 steroidal aglycone , enhances tumor necrosis factor-re-lated apoptosis-inducing ligand ( TRAIL)-associated HepG2 cell apoptosis .METHODS:Cell growth inhibition was deter-mined by MTT assay and cell colony formation assay .The TUNEL apoptosis detection kit was used to analyze cell apopto-sis, and the protein expression was examined by Western blotting .RESULTS:Combination of caudatin with TRAIL signi-ficantly reduced cell proliferation and increased the apoptotic rate of HepG 2 cells compared with the use of each agent alone.This was evidenced by marked increases in caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and PARP cleavages in the cells treated with caudatin and TRAIL-compared with control group .Combination of caudatin with TRAIL also led to the strong suppres-sion of survivin .CONCLUSION:Caudatin synergizes HepG 2 cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis by promoting the cleava-ges of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9 and PARP and inhibiting the expression of survivin .

OBJECTIVE To investigate incidence and drug susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) in local area.METHODS Strains of Hp were isolated and cultivated from gastric antrum mucosa of 141 peptic ulcer disease(PUD) patients diagnosed by gastroscope.The drug sensitive test of Hp strains was examined by K-B method.RESULTS The isolation rate of Hp in 141 PUD patients was 75.2%.Hp isolates showed a relative hypersensitivity to clinical commonly used drugs(ie furazolidone,amoxicillin,levofloxacin,cefuroxime and moxifloxacin).On the other hand,Hp isolates exhibited resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin.CONCLUSIONS Hp is an important etiologic factor of PUD,and showing an increasing resistance to common clinical antibiotics.

Objective:To explore the effect of continuous quality improvement theory on patients' satisfaction and nurses'perception of working environment.Methods:Quality nursing service satisfaction survey was conducted in 450 patients,at the same time,100 nurses were investigated for the situation of working environment.Patients' satisfaction and the status of nurses' perception of their own work environment were compared before and after the implementation of continuous quality improvement theory.Results:After the implementation of continuous quality improvement theory,both patients' satisfaction and nurses' perception of working environment were significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05).Gonclusions:Continuous quality improvement theory can improve the satisfaction of patients with high quality nursing service,and enhance the nurses' perception of their working environment.

Evaluation of medical assistance capability plays a significant role in improving medical assistance capability and accomplishing a diverse array of military tasks.Based on gray theory and fuzzy mathematics,we put forward a new evaluation model for disaster medical assistance capability,integrating the AHP,the gray cluster analysis and fuzzy evaluation.This model not only reflects the ambiguity of medical assistance capability evaluation but also makes full use of the information,which avoids the flaws caused by single method of fuzzy mathematics.It provides a new way to evaluate disaster medical assistance capability comprehensively and systematically.

Objective To identify the role of microRNA-17(miR-17)in human glioma U87 cells invasion which may regulate expression of matriv metalloproteinase(MMP)-2.Methods U87 cells were cultured in vitro,while changes in cellular morphology were observed by phase contrast microscope.The miR-17 which might regulate the expression of MMP-2 was predicted by bioinformatics and identified using dual luciferase report system.Expressions of miR-17 and MMP-2 were determined using real-time PCR and Western blot after transfection of miR-17 mimics.The invasion of U87 cells was detected in vitro by Transwell chamber.Results Expression of MMP-2 was positive by immunofluorescence cytochemistry. Using dual luciferase reporter system,miR-17 could inhibit the expression of MMP-2 by binding to its mRNA 3′UTR. Results of real-time PCR and Western blot showed that over-expression of miR-17 down-regulated expression of MMP-2. The invasion of U87 cells was suppressed by over-expression of miR-17.Conclusion MiR-17 may negatively regulate expression of MMP-2 in human glioma U87 cells and inhibit cell invasion.

The incidence of dextrocardia is lower. The dextrocardia is often associated with congenital anatomical abnormalities. The patient with normal cardiac structure of dextrocardia and severe coronary heart disease that needs coronary artery bypasss is rarer. This article summarizes the perioperative management and surgical experience of dextrocardia with bypass surgery via a clinical case.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients with on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (ONCAB). Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with ONCAB were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into POAF group (n=52) and non POAF group (n=148) according to the occurrence of POAF after operation. The perioperative data including age and gender of all patients were collected and analyzed. The index of opinion of statistical results was classified by two categories Logistic regression analysis, and the related risk factors of POAF were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the age, red blood cell (RBC), left atrial diameter (LAD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were analyzed in two groups. Results The incidence rate of POAF was 26%, mostly occurred in the postoperative period from 1 d to 3 d. Compared with non POAF group, the age, the proportion of patients with age≥62.5 years or older, the proportion of patients with LAD≥35 mm, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and perioperative transfusion of RBC were increased in POAF group, and data of mechanical ventilation time, ICU stay time and hospitalization time were prolonged, but the LVEF level decrease ( P<0.05). Among them, the elderly (≥62.5 years), increased LAD (≥35 mm), the higher perioperative transmission amount of RBC were the independent risk factors of POAF after ONCAB, and the higher LVEF was a protective factor for ONCAB. The optimal thresholds for age, RBC, LAD and LVEF were 62.5 years, 1U, 35.5 mm, and 0.34. Conclusion The occurrence of POAF after ONCAB is related with age (≥62.5 years old),LAD≥35 mm and perioperative transfusion of RBC, which can be used as clinically to predict the occurrence of POAF.