[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.019.].

BACKGROUND:Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is a common method for the treatment of gastric cancer,but the curative effect of chemotherapy in different patients varies considerably.A new pre-clinical treatment model is needed to guide personalized drug therapy for patients with gastric cancer.OBJECTIVE:To construct organoid model based on gastric cancer tissue and investigate its application in personalized drug screening.METHODS:The tissue samples of 20 patients with gastric cancer were collected,digested and decomposed,mixed with matrix glue,and cultured with organoid medium containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 10.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method were used to verify the homogeneity of pathological morphology and immune molecular markers of gastric cancer organoids and original tumor tissues.The feasibility of the established gastric cancer organoid model for drug screening was evaluated through drug sensitivity screening of six drugs including carboplatin,irinotecan,fluorouracil,oxaliplatin,paclitaxel,and epirubicin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fourteen organoids of gastric cancer cases were successfully cultured.There were individual differences in morphology and growth characteristics of organoids.All organoids could be stably passed through,froze and resuscitated.Gastric cancer organoids retained the same morphological features and immunomolecular expression as primary tumor tissues.Six organoids showed different drug sensitivities to six chemotherapy drugs,which initially confirmed the feasibility of gastric cancer organoids as a drug screening model in vitro.

This study investigated international standard systems for radiotherapy, focusing on the comparison of the radiation protection standards for medical linear accelerators adopted in China, the UK, and the USA. Despite some specific differences, the standards for radiotherapy rooms in the three countries generally adhere to the basic principles set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Regarding the zoning principle of radiotherapy rooms, the definitions of the controlled areas are similar in China, the UK, and the USA, while the classification of areas beyond the controlled areas differs across the three countries. In terms of measurement conditions, all the three countries require measurements under the maximum output dose of the radiotherapy equipment, with only minor differences in details. For dose limits and compliance criteria for radiation shielding of radiotherapy rooms, China adopts the highest instantaneous dose rate as the control threshold. In contrast, the UK and the USA base their standards on dose limits evaluated over certain time intervals (annual, weekly, and daily), assessing compliance through workload calculation. In terms of method for deducing and calculating effective dose limits, UK standards stipulate that annual personnel exposure should be calculated using instantaneous dose rates. In comparison, the USA provides specific method for calculating dose rates per week and any one hour from instantaneous dose rates. The comparative analysis indicates that China′s method, which is based on the maximum instantaneous dose rates, may lead to increased construction costs of radiotherapy rooms under the same conditions, hindering the application and development of novel radiotherapy technologies. To address these concerns while maintaining radiation safety, it is recommended that China consider introducing method based on average instantaneous dose rates or calculating the annual personnel exposure doses. This will help optimize protection standards and advance radiotherapy technology.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)in reducing the consumption of analgesics after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods Totally 124 patients undergoing unilateral TKA were included and divided into an intervention group and a control group according to random number table method,with 62 cases in each group.Both groups received routine postoperative analgesic protocols,with the intervention group additionally receiving TEAS treatment,30 min per time,twice a day.The additional doses of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia pumps and opioid analgesic consumption in two groups of patients after surgery were analyzed,as well as the adverse events and laboratory test results(WBC,PLT,SCr,BUN,ALT and AST)in both groups.Results The number of additional doses in the intervention group with the patient-controlled analgesia pump and the consumption of opioid analgesic were both lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of postoperative nausea symptoms in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group,while other adverse reactions showed no significant difference(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in laboratory test results(WBC,PLT,SCr,BUN,ALT and AST)between the two groups on the day before surgery and on the 1st and 7th days after surgery(P>0.05).Conclusion TEAS can reduce the consumption of analgesics after TKA,decrease some adverse reactions associated with the use of analgesics,and has good safety.

BACKGROUND:Three-dimensional(3D)Motion Capture Technology can build accurate,objective,and quantized medical virtual simulation model,which is conducive to clinical learners'precise and in-depth understanding and mastery of various traditional therapies.The virtual simulation model of traditional Chinese medicine based on the 3D Motion Capture Technology has been reported,but such a system of traditional Mongolian medicine therapy has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To construct an interactive 3D visualization virtual simulation model based on the 3D Motion Capture Technology.METHODS:Motion capture data of the professor of Mongolian Medicine Department were collected using the 3D optical motion capture system(Motion Analysis)and Plantar Force Platform.The 3D motion model of brain vibration therapy was constructed using Motion Builder software,and the role model was constructed using Maya software matched with the action model.Unity3D software was used to build a virtual simulation system of Mongolian medical brain vibration therapy.The system integrated information on 3D animation,kinematic and dynamic parameters of Mongolian medical brain vibration therapy.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:By using 3D Motion Capture Technology and Computer Simulation Technology to reconstruct the operation of Mongolian medical brain vibration therapy,it can display the posture of the operator and subject and record the key parameters of spatial position and changes of joint motion to obtain kinematic and dynamic parameters.The interactive 3D virtual simulation technology is used to realize the visual presentation of 3D virtual simulation of Mongolian medical brain vibration therapy.It lays a foundation for the standardization,digitization and visualization of Mongolian medical brain vibration therapy.

Objective To evaluate the application of high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging(HRMR-VWI)in identifying high-risk features of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques,and to analyze the correlation between plaque characteristics and stroke recurrence under varying degrees of stenosis.Methods The data from 368 patients with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(ICAS)across two centers were retrospectively analyzed.Based on the degree of stenosis,all patients were categorized into mild-to-moderate stenosis group(luminal stenosis<70%,n=155)and severe stenosis group(luminal stenosis≥70%,n=213).HRMR-VWI images and clinical information of the patients were collected and analyzed,and the culprit plaques were quantitatively analyzed.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the risk factors for stroke recurrence,and the predictive performance was evaluated using the area under the curve(AUC)of the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Higher normalized wall index(NWI)[odds ratio(OR)=1.082,95%confidence interval(CI)1.050-1.118,P<0.05]and the presence of intraplaque hemorrhage(IPH)(OR=1.843,95%CI 1.120-3.036,P<0.05)were risk factors for stroke recurrence in all patients.And these two factors were also significant in the mild-to-moderate stenosis group(NWI:OR=1.088,95%CI 1.009-1.186,P<0.05;IPH:OR=4.049,95%CI 1.227-16.065,P<0.05).A predictive model for stroke recurrence was constructed using the combination of IPH and NWI,with the best performance in the mild-to-moderate stenosis group(AUC=0.813,95%CI 0.723-0.906).Conclusion In patients with luminal stenosis<70%,the increase of NWI and the presence of IPH have been validated as significant and effective indicators for predicting stroke recurrence,demonstrating notable predictive performance.In contrast,among patients with luminal stenosis≥70%,the utility of plaque characteristics in predicting stroke recurrence is relatively lower,indicating that the correlation between plaque characteristics and stroke recurrence varies across different degrees of stenosis.

This study investigated international standard systems for radiotherapy, focusing on the comparison of the radiation protection standards for medical linear accelerators adopted in China, the UK, and the USA. Despite some specific differences, the standards for radiotherapy rooms in the three countries generally adhere to the basic principles set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Regarding the zoning principle of radiotherapy rooms, the definitions of the controlled areas are similar in China, the UK, and the USA, while the classification of areas beyond the controlled areas differs across the three countries. In terms of measurement conditions, all the three countries require measurements under the maximum output dose of the radiotherapy equipment, with only minor differences in details. For dose limits and compliance criteria for radiation shielding of radiotherapy rooms, China adopts the highest instantaneous dose rate as the control threshold. In contrast, the UK and the USA base their standards on dose limits evaluated over certain time intervals (annual, weekly, and daily), assessing compliance through workload calculation. In terms of method for deducing and calculating effective dose limits, UK standards stipulate that annual personnel exposure should be calculated using instantaneous dose rates. In comparison, the USA provides specific method for calculating dose rates per week and any one hour from instantaneous dose rates. The comparative analysis indicates that China′s method, which is based on the maximum instantaneous dose rates, may lead to increased construction costs of radiotherapy rooms under the same conditions, hindering the application and development of novel radiotherapy technologies. To address these concerns while maintaining radiation safety, it is recommended that China consider introducing method based on average instantaneous dose rates or calculating the annual personnel exposure doses. This will help optimize protection standards and advance radiotherapy technology.

Objective To observe the value of the integrated model of MR high-resolution vascular wall imaging(HR-VWI)and attention mechanism for predicting stroke recurrence in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(sICAS)patients.Methods A total of 363 patients with sICAS who underwent HR-VWI were enrolled and stratified into training set(n=254)and validation set(n=109)according to their origins.Employing a radiomics model that utilized HR-VWI T1 and contrast-enhanced sequences for feature extraction,image data were captured from relevant plaques.Subsequently,a Trans model was developed by integrating the Transformer attention mechanism.The predictive performance and clinical utility of conventional radiomics models and Trans models for forecasting stroke recurrence among patients with sICAS were evaluated.Results In training set and validation set,the area under the curve of Trans model for predicting stroke recurrence in sICAS patients was 0.992 and 0.988,respectively,both superior to that of T1 model,T1 enhanced model and dual sequence model(all P＜0.05).The calibration curve and decision curve analysis showed that Trans model had good predictive probability and clinical practicality.Conclusion The obtained integrated model of HR-VWI radiomics combined with attention mechanism had certain value for predicting stroke recurrence in patients with sICAS.

BACKGROUND:Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is a common method for the treatment of gastric cancer,but the curative effect of chemotherapy in different patients varies considerably.A new pre-clinical treatment model is needed to guide personalized drug therapy for patients with gastric cancer.OBJECTIVE:To construct organoid model based on gastric cancer tissue and investigate its application in personalized drug screening.METHODS:The tissue samples of 20 patients with gastric cancer were collected,digested and decomposed,mixed with matrix glue,and cultured with organoid medium containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 10.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method were used to verify the homogeneity of pathological morphology and immune molecular markers of gastric cancer organoids and original tumor tissues.The feasibility of the established gastric cancer organoid model for drug screening was evaluated through drug sensitivity screening of six drugs including carboplatin,irinotecan,fluorouracil,oxaliplatin,paclitaxel,and epirubicin.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fourteen organoids of gastric cancer cases were successfully cultured.There were individual differences in morphology and growth characteristics of organoids.All organoids could be stably passed through,froze and resuscitated.Gastric cancer organoids retained the same morphological features and immunomolecular expression as primary tumor tissues.Six organoids showed different drug sensitivities to six chemotherapy drugs,which initially confirmed the feasibility of gastric cancer organoids as a drug screening model in vitro.

Objective To observe the value of the integrated model of MR high-resolution vascular wall imaging(HR-VWI)and attention mechanism for predicting stroke recurrence in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis(sICAS)patients.Methods A total of 363 patients with sICAS who underwent HR-VWI were enrolled and stratified into training set(n=254)and validation set(n=109)according to their origins.Employing a radiomics model that utilized HR-VWI T1 and contrast-enhanced sequences for feature extraction,image data were captured from relevant plaques.Subsequently,a Trans model was developed by integrating the Transformer attention mechanism.The predictive performance and clinical utility of conventional radiomics models and Trans models for forecasting stroke recurrence among patients with sICAS were evaluated.Results In training set and validation set,the area under the curve of Trans model for predicting stroke recurrence in sICAS patients was 0.992 and 0.988,respectively,both superior to that of T1 model,T1 enhanced model and dual sequence model(all P＜0.05).The calibration curve and decision curve analysis showed that Trans model had good predictive probability and clinical practicality.Conclusion The obtained integrated model of HR-VWI radiomics combined with attention mechanism had certain value for predicting stroke recurrence in patients with sICAS.