BACKGROUND:Scoliosis is a complex spinal pathology characterized as a three-dimensional spine deformity combined with vertebral rotation. The finite element analysis can replace traditional biomechanical experiment for repeated experimental analysis and for processing digital simulation. It has been widely used in the study of scoliotic biomechanics.
OBJECTIVE:To emphasize the application of finite element analysis on the brace and surgical treatment of scoliosis.
METHODS:An online search of PubMed and Wanfang database was performed by using key words of“scoliosis, finite element”in Chinese for articles published between January 1986 and May 2013. A total of 38 papers related to finite element of scoliotic treatment, published in authorized journal and considered to be a representative, were selected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: How to design an individualized brace in accordance with biomechanical characteristics of scoliosis is the hot topic. By using multi-imaging technology, the rib, chest bone and pelvis are introduced into the finite element models, in a broader attempt to analyze the optimal three-dimensional orthopedic force pattern for scoliosis. The results of relative research showed that, the ideal loading pattern is given at the protruding area of scoliosis. Finite element analysis can predict and evaluate the orthopedic procedure and effect of patients, thus assisting the design of reasonable orthopedic treatment scheme. Through finite element analysis, we can simulate and analyze the stress distribution of internal fixator in spine, which contributes to prevent the complications.

Objective To determine the changes of blood cytokines values and inductions of cytokines expressions after CPB and cardiac valve replacement. Methods Thirty patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement were randomly selected, The plasma cytokines levels or activities and inductions of cytokine expressions were measured before CPB, 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th d after operation.Results Compared with the baselines, IL 1 activity and souluble interleukin 2 receptor(SIL 2R) level increased on the 1st, 3rd d , then decreased significantly on the 7th d, plasma IL 8 level increased in 14 d after CPB, but IL 2 activity decreased during 7 d postoperatively(P0.05); induction of IL 1 expression increased significantly on the 1st d and decreased on the 3rd d (P

Objective To investigate the anatomical and histological features of the rat endolymphatic sac. Methods The temporal bones of the healthy,adult SD rats were removed.The morphology of the endolymphatic sac were studied.Then the decalcified samples were embeded in paraffin.The sections of the endolymphatic sac were stained with HE method and observed histologically,and then examined immunohistochemically by monoclonal antibodies against IgG,CD 3 of the rat to investigate the immunocompetent cells in endolymphatic sac of the rats. Results Simple cuboidal and squamous epithelium were the main types of the epithelium in rat endolymphatic sac CD + 3,IgG + immunoreactive lymphocytes were found mainly in the epithelium of the endolymphatic sac.Conclusion\ The morphology of the rat endolymphatic sac is similar to those of human and guinea pig endolymphatic sacs.Some immunocompetent cells were found in the endolymphatic sac,suggesting that the endolymphatic sac plays an important role in immune of inner ear.\;[

Objective To observe the change of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6(IL-6) plasma levels before and after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in angina pectoris patients to evaluate the relationships between the severity of coronary lesions, CRP and IL-6. Methods 36 patients diagnosed as angina pectoris by coronary angiography received PCI and 15 healthy subjects served as the control. Peripheral blood samples were taken before and after PCI, the serum levels of CRP and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The relationships between serum CRP,IL-6 and the severity of coronary lesions were analyzed. Results The mean levels of serum CRP and IL-6 in the patients were higher than those in the control(P

BACKGROUND:Under the pathological conditions of urethral defect,stricture and diverticulum induce by trauma,congenital malformation,tumor and operation,autogenous tissue are used for defect repair.OBJECTIVE:To verify the feasibility of urethra constructed by tissue engineering.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:An observational experiment was performed at Linbaixin Medical Research Center,Sun Yat-sen University,from January 2005 to January 2006.MATERIALS:Ten New Zealand rabbits weighing 3.0-3.5 kg were used to prepare acellular urethras.Twenty BALB/cA-nude mice weighing 18-20 g,4-6 weeks old,were cultured with extracellular matrix materials in vivo.METHODS:The whole urethra harvested from New Zealand rabbit prepared the extracellular matrix materials by acellular treatment.Half a glans harvested from adult New Zealand rabbit was used for smooth muscle cells proliferation by tissue explant.The corpus spongiosum smooth muscle cells were implanted in acellular matrix materials.Then,they were cultured by subcutaneous embedding in nude mice.There were two groups in the experiment:experimental and control.The complexs of corpus spongiosum smooth muscle cells implanted in acellular matrix materials were embedded in the experimental group,while the simple acellular matrix materials were embedded in the control group.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:After 1,2,4,6,8 weeks of embedment,the growth of the complexs were examined by gross,histologic and electron microscopic observation.The expression of smooth muscle cells were identified by immunohistochemistry method.RESULTS:①Under the gross observation,incisions on the back of the nude mice healed well,the diets and activities of the nude mice were normal.In the experimental group,there were thin tissue membranes on the surface of the acellular matrix materials at 1-2 weeks after the embedment.The thickness of tissue membrane increased gradually and there were small blood vessels grown at 4 weeks.The new cells were instead of acellular matrix materials at 6-8 weeks.②Under HE straining,the acellular matrix materials were absorbed.Various cells,most of them were smooth muscle cells,would be instead of the acellular matrix materials.And unequal blood vessels grown in matrix materials,most of them had the trend of blood sinus formation.These results suggested that the complexs formed the structure similar to normal urethra in the nude mice.③Under the electron microscopic observation,there were blood vessels grown in the matrix materials from 4 weeks after embedment.More smooth muscle cells,endothelial cells,and little fibroblast cells,macrophages were observed,as well as some apoptotic smooth muscle cells.④After immunohistochemical staining of ?-smooth-muscle actin antibody,the growth of smooth muscle cells could be observed.CONCLUSION:The corpus cavernosum tissue similar to normal urethra can be constructed by using tissue-engineering technique.

Aim To explore effects of TCS on the gene expression profiles of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells with microarray technique and further investigate its molecular mechanism. Methods RNA from both control and treated HeLa cells were isolated and reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of cy3 and cy5-labeled dUTP, probes were hybridized with BiostarH-Ⅰ cDNA microarray, chips were scanned and then analyzed by GenePix Pro 3.0 software. Results 78 significantly differently expressed genes were screened out of which up-and down-regulated genes were 62 and 16 respectively. the up-regulated genes were closely related with apoptosis (such as NOP56、TNFSF10、CASP9、DFFB,etc) and the down-regulated genes were associated with the adhesion and interaction between cells (such as COL9A3、LGALS3BP、 MGST3,etc). Conclusion TCS could result in differential expression of multiple genes in HeLa cells, and DNA microarray technique can provide valuable insight into the molecular mechanism of TCS-induced apoptosis.

Objective To prepare the flurbiprofen orally disintegrating tablets and establish the procedures of controlling the quality.Methods Flurbiprofen orally disintegrating tablets was prepared by wet granulation and it content was determined by HPLC.Results The obtained tablets were fine in the shape and smooth in the surface.Their hardness was 2 kg,the disintegrating time was about 30 s.The linear correlation was in a range of 1.0-10.0 ?g/ml,r=0.999 9.The average recovery was 99.32%,RSD=1.09%(n=7).Conclusion Our methods of flurbiprofen orally disintegrating tablets are simple and feasible in preparation and quality control.

Objective: The chemical composition, extraction and biological activity of antioxidant substance of sweet potatoes were studied. Method: The antioxidant substance was extracted with alcohol and purified with AB-8 big-hole resin and its elimination rate of _?O 2 and OH and SOD activity were determined.Results: The content of antioxidant substance stockpiled respectively in the root tubers, stems and leaves of sweet potatoes and was different in varieties. The highest content in the root tuber was 0.324%, which accounted 70% of total content in sweet potatoes. Its extraction ratio was 85%. The major composition of the antioxidant substance was phenol acid, including chlorogenic acid,isochlorogenic acid,neochlorogenic acid and 4-0-caffeonyl quinic butyl ester. They had intense antioxidant function and their elimination rate to _?O 2 and?OH at concentration 90 mg/ml was 88.02% and 82.21% respectively. The antioxidantsubstance restrained oxidation of lipid and hemolysis of red cell induced by H2O2,and increased SOD activity in serum and skin of mice. Conclusion: Several kinds of phenol acid as antioxidant substance stockpiled in sweet potatoes were proved to have strong antioxidant activity.

Objective: To extract the polysaccharides of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc (PCZ) and study its bioactivities. Methods: The crude polysaccharides were extracted from herbal slice of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc with hot water ,and precipitated by ethanol and savage deproteinization and depigmentation with activated charcoal. The constituents were isolated by column chromatography and the total polysaccharides content was determined. Experiments of immune function,anti-oxidation and anti-tumor activity of KM mice and in viro were studied. Results: The content of total polysaccharides of Curcuma zedoaria Rosc was 33.12%. and the extraction rate was 1.938% . It could raise spleen cell proliferation and transformation rate of lymphocyte and SOD activity in blood of mice. A higher antitumor effect of the polysaccharides by injection was observed dose-dependently. Conclusion: PCZ could raise the immune and anti-oxidative activities and then had a higher antitumor effect.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have a remarkable differentiation potential and superiority as a type of seed cells,but their application is limited in the presence of certain diseases,such as aplastic anemia and myelogenous neoplasm.The present studies have found that seed cells called muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) have brought more and more attention,because of their capability of stir-renewal and multi-diffcrentiation like B MSCs.OBJECTIVE: To explore the biological characterization of the muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) from rabbits,and analyze the phenotype.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Cell in vitro observation experiment was performed at the Medical Research Center of Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August 2005 to March 2006.MATERIALS: A New Zealand rabbit (1.5 months old,clean grade) was enrolled for the preparation of Muscle-derived stem cells.Growth medium was DMED-LG added with 10% fetal bovine serum and 10% horse serum and fusion medium was DMEM-LG added with 2% fetal bovine serum.METHODS: The muscle mass was removed from the anesthetized rabbit to isolate MDSCs.These cells were dissociated using three enzymes (collagenase XI,dispase and trypsin) respectively.Sediment was resuspended.Then preplate technique was used.The muscle cell extract was plated on a collagen-coated culture flask with growth medium.The flask was called PP1.PPI was kept overnight in a 37 ℃ incubator containing 5% CO2,After that,the suspension was transferred to another collagen-coated culture flask,which was called PP2.PP3,PP4,PP5 and PP6 were constructed later following the same procedures.The cells adhered in PP6 were collected,plated in 6-well plates,and divided into 2 groups.Growth medium was used in one group,in which the cells were kept growing at a degree of confluence beyond 50%,and fusion medium was used in the other one,in which the cells were passaged with a degree up to 30%.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The cells from PP1 to PP6 were collected,and the characterization was identified preliminary by Flow cytomctry,Immunocytochemistry and Western Blotting.The fusion of cells in PP6 was detected at different confluence degrees and concentration of medium.RESULTS: The cells in PP6 showed ＞ 80% desmin+,＞ 70% Bcl-2+,＞ 95% CD45,which indicated that MDSCs were in a high concentration.The expressions of α-SMA in the cells were decreasing with the Preplate technique used and the cells in PP6 almost had no α -SMA expression.When passaged at a high confluence (＞ 50%) or cultured with low concentrations of serum (2% serum),the cells in PP6 had a strong tendency of fusing into myotubes or cell chains and were skeletal myosin+.CONCLUSION: MDSCs,which are capable of multi-differentiation under a high fusion or low serum conditions,express dcsmin and Bcl-2 highly,but extreruelv little CD45 and no α -SMA.