Objective To investigate the fasting plasma insulin (FINS) and free fatty acid (FFA) in overweight or obesity patients with type 2 diabetes mellitns (T2DM) Methods 263 patients of T2DM were selected and divided into normal weight group(n = 108) and overweight or obesity group(n = 155) according to body mass index (BMI) , FINS level was detected by chemiluminescence method , and FFA level by colorimetry. 72 subjects without T2DM were taken as controls. Results FINS [(6.18±1.86) mIU/L vs (4.60±2.58) mIU/L, P < 0.01)] and FFA [(0.58±0.25) mmoL/L vs (0.35±0.14) mmoL/L,P < 0.01)] in T2DM group was significandy higher than that of control group. FINS in overweight or obesity group [(7.20±1.99) mIU/L] was higher than that in normal weight group[(5.31±1.21) mIU/L] and control group[(4.60±2.58) mIU/L] (P <0.01). In T2DM group,FiNS was positively correlated with duration(r =0. 334,P <0.01) ,BMI(r =0. 532,P <0. 01) and diastolic pressure (DBP) [r =0. 342 ,P <0.01). Conclusion The FINS level in overweight or obesity patients with T2DM is significantly higher compared to T2DM with normal weight T2DM,and the FFA level in patients of T2DM is significantly higher increased compared to control group,both of which participate in insulin resistence as well as the occurrence and development of T2DM.

Weanling Wistar rats were fed a modified AIN-76 diet ad libitum for 25 to 57 days, either copper-deficient (0.49mg/kg; CuD) or copper-adequate (6.44mg/kg;CuA). The effects of dietary copper deficiency on the enzymatic components of the primary free radical defense system-super-oxide dismutase (SOD), catalasc (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lipoperoxides (LPO) and serum hemolysin were examined. The amount of LPO exhibited no significant change even though SOD activity decreased significantly in the tissues of CuD rats, which indicated that Cu-ZnSOD activity responded directly to copper status of the body but the compromises in the overall protection against free radicals were not evident. The profound reduction in scrum hemolysin in CuD rats suggests that humoral immune function is copper dependent. The results also suggest that as an index of evaluating copper nutriture CuZnSOD is more sensitive than hemoglobin to copper deficiency.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.026

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the formulation of metoprolol tartrate sustained-release tablets in compound hydrochlorothiazide double layer tablet.METHODS: The formulation of metoprolol tartrate sustained-release tablets was optimized using orthogonal experiment with release rate in vitro as index,total amount of HPMC and carbomer (A) and its ratio (B),amount of MCC (C) and the concentration of PVP ethanol solution (D) as factors.RESULTS: The optimal formulation was as follows: A=30%,B=1 ∶ 2,C=20% and D=5%.Accumulative release rate of 3 batches of metoprolol tartrate sustained-release tablet prepared by optimized formulation were 25%～45% within 1 h,40%～75% within 4 h,more than 75% within 8 h and more than 90% within 24 h.CONCLUSION: Optimized formulation of metoprolol tartrate sustained-release tablets is reasonable and simple.

Objective To observe the changes of melanin granules in superficial corneocytes in vitiligo lesions after irradiation with narrow-band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) by using an adhesive tape stripping technique.Methods Vitiligo lesions were selected from 6 patients and irradiated with NB-UVB every other day for 31 sessions.Superficial corneocytes were obtained by an adhesive tape stripping technique from the vitiligo lesions and perilesional normal skin before every treatment.The morphology,distribution and color of melanin granules were observed after Masson-Fontana silver staining.The percentage of area occupied by melanin granules in superficial corneocytes were calculated by using the Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.Statistical analysis was conducted by the SPSS11.5 software.Results There were still a few superficial corneocytes containing melanin granules remaining in the vitiligo lesions before treatment.The percentage of area occupied by melanin granules was (5.31 ± 4.12)％ before treatment,(6.24 ± 2.65)％ after 10 treatment sessions,(10.14 ± 5.73)％ after 20 sessions,and (13.05 ± 6.17)％ after 30 sessions,with significant differences between these time points (F =4.334,P ＜ 0.05).Multiple comparisons revealed a significant increase in the percentage of area occupied by melanin granules after 30 treatment sessions compared with those before treatment and after 10 treatment sessions (both P ＜ 0.01 ).The morphology and color of melanin granules in repigmented lesions after treatment differed from those in perilesional normal skin before treatment.Conclusion The adhesive tape stripping technique may serve as a useful tool for the evaluation of repigmentation in vitiligo lesions after phototherapy.

Radical resection is crucial in the surgical treatment of adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of pancreas.It usually refers to negative resection margin and dissection of regional lymph nodes.In recent reports,the definition of R0 margin has been updated,and radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS),which was first described by Strasberg et al,contributes to achieving negative tangential margins.In some cases,extended radical resections were adopted in an attempt to achieve R0 margin.However,it would increase operation related morbidity and mortality,which should be taken into account before the procedure.Lymph nodes metastasis is an important prognostic factor.Extended lymph nodes dissection does not seem to bring survival benefits,while itg helpful in assessing the tumor stages and patients' prognosis.Laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) has been applied in the treatment of ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in reports with small sample sizes.But it remains controversial whether LDP is superior comparing to conventional open methods in regards to oncological outcomes.Curently,surgery is the promising method that may cure adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of pancreas.Highlighting radical resection will bring more survival benefits to patients.

ObjectiveTo compare and evaluate the effectiveness of Airtraq laryngoscope combined with a Bougie and Airtraq laryngoscope alone for tracheal intubation in simulated difficult airway.Methods Four anesthetists and 4 clinical physicians of standardized training were enrolled in the study.The participants intubated the trachea of the ALS simulator manikin in 5 tongue edema scenarios simulating modified Cormack-Lehane grade 1,2a,2b,3,and 4 views and 1 cervical immobilization scenario.Results No significant difference in the rate of successful intubation was detected between two techniques(P＞ 0.05 ).In Cormack-Lehane grade 1,2a views,the duration of successful intubation in Airtraq laryngoscope alone [ ( 14.3 ± 1.3),( 17.1 ± 2.9) s] was shorter than that in Airtraq laryngoscope combined with a Bougie [ (26.6 ± 3.8),(36.4 ± 3.6) s ] with significant difference (P ＜ 0.01 ).Cormack-Lehane grade 2b,3,4 views,the duration of successful intubation in Airtraq laryngoscope alone[ (74.5 ± 6.5 ),(116.3 ± 9.8),(53.0 ± 6.1 )s] was longer than that in Airtraq laryngoscope combined with a Bougie [ (35.4 ± 4.3 ),(52.3 ± 5.0),(40.4 ± 3.8 ) s ] with significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionAirtraq laryngoscope combined with a Bougie can be quickly intubated in simulated difficult airway compared with Airtraq laryngoscope alone.

Objective　To investigate whether or not the antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can supresses the protein expression of VEGF.Methods　SMMC 7721 is a cell line that expresses VEGF.Therefore the medium conditioned by SMMC 7721 stimulates proliferation of bovine aortic endothelial cell (BAEC).Synthesized antisense ODN complementary to one region of VEGF mRNA was added into the medium of SMMC 7721.The expression of VEGF and the stimulation effect of SMMC 7721 was then determined.Result　It was found that by means of inhibition of VEGF expression,the stimulation effect of SMMC 7721 was inhibited by the VEGF antisense ODN in a dose-dependent manner.At a dosage of 1,2.5,5,10μmol/L,the inhibition rate was 63.2%,82.4%,210% and 287.5%,respectively.Conclusion　It is promising that VEGF antisense ODN works as a new gene therapeutic modaliey for antiangiogenesis of HCC.

Objective To assess the feasibility of laparoscopic hepatic lobe procurement for living donor liver transplantation. Methods The technique included pneumoperitoneum with CO2,ports placement, porta hepatis dissection, laparoscopic ultrasound mapping, mobilization of the liver,and transection of the parenchyma into right and left lobes. The vascular structures were stapled and sectioned just prior to removal of the specimen. Results Hepatic lobectomies were successfully performed laparoscopically in 9 adult pigs. One pig was dead due to bleeding in IVC and following gas embolism during the parenchymal transection. The operative time was 208±25 min. The duration of warm ischemia was 8 ± 2. 3 min. The blood loss was 313 ± 75 mL. The vascular and biliary structures were preserved to allow for subsequent transplantation. Conclusion Laparoscopic living donor procurement for liver transplantation in a porcine model is safe and feasible.

Objective To evaluate the anatomical structure of bone in the formation of acetabular teardrop shadow. Methods The acetabular teardrop shadow of the X ray plain film in 100 children and 300 adults, and of CT in 43 cases were analysed 、measured and compared. Results In children, teardrop shadow appeared “U”in 80 00%, 14 00% in teardrop, 6 00% in line. In adult teardrop shadow appeared “U”in 41 33%, 53 33% in teardrop, 5 34% in line. There were significant differences between children and adult in the frequency of “U” and teardrop (? 2=43 34, P