Objective To investigate the relationship between rules of local metastasis and the operation for rectal cancer. Methods Literatures about rules of local metastasis and operation for rectal cancer were reviewed and analysed. Results The study of rules of local metastasis results in the change and refinement of the operation for rectal cancer. Conclusion With the development of basic research for rectal cancer,the operation for rectal cancer is changing and refining, and the result of the treatment is more favourable.

Objective To investigate the fasting plasma insulin (FINS) and free fatty acid (FFA) in overweight or obesity patients with type 2 diabetes mellitns (T2DM) Methods 263 patients of T2DM were selected and divided into normal weight group(n = 108) and overweight or obesity group(n = 155) according to body mass index (BMI) , FINS level was detected by chemiluminescence method , and FFA level by colorimetry. 72 subjects without T2DM were taken as controls. Results FINS [(6.18±1.86) mIU/L vs (4.60±2.58) mIU/L, P < 0.01)] and FFA [(0.58±0.25) mmoL/L vs (0.35±0.14) mmoL/L,P < 0.01)] in T2DM group was significandy higher than that of control group. FINS in overweight or obesity group [(7.20±1.99) mIU/L] was higher than that in normal weight group[(5.31±1.21) mIU/L] and control group[(4.60±2.58) mIU/L] (P <0.01). In T2DM group,FiNS was positively correlated with duration(r =0. 334,P <0.01) ,BMI(r =0. 532,P <0. 01) and diastolic pressure (DBP) [r =0. 342 ,P <0.01). Conclusion The FINS level in overweight or obesity patients with T2DM is significantly higher compared to T2DM with normal weight T2DM,and the FFA level in patients of T2DM is significantly higher increased compared to control group,both of which participate in insulin resistence as well as the occurrence and development of T2DM.

The defects in observation methodology of diseases,in knowledge of diseases,and in doctors' clinical knowledge and skill were analyzed in this article,which were believed as main medical internal defects(MID).High risks as well as medical disputes cannot be avoided in medical practice due to MID,which also led to ethical challenges in medical disputes prevention and treatment.Emphasis on the knowledge of MID during public education on medical disputes prevention may decrease medical disputes.

Objective To establish the method for determination of borax in food by RP-HPLC. Methods Borax in food was extracted by acid methanol followed by turmeric acetic acid derivation and then detected by HPLC. Symmtry C18(150 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m) was used as the stationary phase, methanol-water (80+20) as the mobile phase, the detection wavelength was 550 nm. Results The detection limit was 6.4 ng/kg, the relative error was 2.3%, the recovery rates were between 90.63% and 96.88%, the liner range of the borax was 0.032-0.32 ?g/ml, the regressive equation of calibration curve was y=3 210 000x+121 000, r=0.999 2. Conclusion The present method is simple, rapid, accurate with satisfactory results.

Objective To explore the feasibility for determination of chloroform and tetrachloromethane in drinking water with DB-5, Rtx-1 and DB-1 capillary columns. Methods For the mild solubility of chloroform and tetrachloromethane in drinking water, chloroform and tetrachloromethane were analysed by static headspace gas chromatography with DB-5, Rtx-1 and DB-1 capillary columns and electron capture detectorECD, external standard method was used for quantification. Results Three kinds of columns were used for determination of chloroform and tetrachloromethane,the retention time was lower than 3 min, for chloroform and tetrachloromethane the average recovery rates were 92.06%-104.95% and 78.33%-103.22% respectively, RSD were 2.06%-2.71% and 1.76%-5.59% respectively. Conclusion DB-5, Rtx-1 and DB-1 capillary columns are suitable for determination of chloroform and tetrachloromethane in drinking water.

Objective To investigate the organochlorine and pyrethroid pesticide residue in leafy vegetables on sale in Xi’an and to assess the safety of the leafy vegetables. Methods Eight kinds of leafy vegetables samples were collected at five wholesale markets and five supermarkets in Xi’an from 2007 to 2008. The content of 15 kinds of pesticides residues were analyzed by GC method and the evaluation was made according to GB 2763—2005. Results The rate of detection for the pesticides was 9.8% (465/4 725)and the disqualified rate was 1.2%(57/4 725).There was a significant seasonal difference in the detection rate of pesticides (P

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of CO2 laser assisted posterior cordotomy for patients with bilateral paralysis of the vocal cord. METHOD: Twenty-one patients with bilateral paralysis of the vocal cord underwent CO2 laser assisted posterior cordotomy in our hospital from Jul. 2009 to Jun. 2015. The causes of the bilateral paralysis of the vocal cord were thyroidectomy in 15 cases, cervical trauma in 2 cases, resection of pituitary tumor in 1 case, inflammation in 1 case and without cause in 2 cases. Ten patients underwent tracheotomy before the operation; 9 patients underwent tracheotomy after the operation; 2 cases without tracheotomy. RESULT: The tracheotomy tube was plugged next day after posterior cordotomy. Lots of patients were breathing well without any effort. A few patients were breathing hard, so the tracheotomy tube was plugged discontinuously. Seventeen patients were decannulated 1 year after operation. Two patients were failed to decannulated. The patients were followed up for 3 months 6 years after operation, and all of them were breathing well. CONCLUSION Our limited experience showed that CO2 laser assisted posterior cordotomyis an effective and reliable surgical procedure for patients with bilateral paralysis of the vocal cord.
Cordotomy ; methods ; Humans ; Inflammation ; complications ; Laser Therapy ; Lasers, Gas ; Neck Injuries ; complications ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; complications ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; adverse effects ; Tracheotomy ; Treatment Outcome ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; surgery ; Vocal Cords ; physiopathology

Objective To study the clinical value of preserving intercostobrachial nerve(ICBN) during axillary lymph node dissection.Methods The clinical data of 146 cases of operated breast cancer of stage Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa were analyzed.All cases were divided into twe groups randomly:preserved group(n=67) preserved ICBN in axillary lymph node dissection operation;control group(n=79) resected ICBN regulary in the operations.The number of lymph node dissection and the incidence of abnormal sense on the skin of inside upper arm were compared between groups.Results In one month,three months and six months followed up:the incidence of ahnormal sense on the skin of inside upper arm was 17.9%,11.9%,7.4% in preserved group,which was lower than that (74.9%,60.7%,59.5%) in control group significantly (P＜0.01).The diflrence between the two groups was significant.No local recurrence was occurred after opreations from eight months to five years examined.It was none difference that period of operation and the number of lymph node dissection between the groups.Conclusions Preserving ICBN in axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer of stage Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa could decrease the incidence of abnormal sence on the skin of inside upper arm.It eouldnt increase the incidence of local recurrence.It can improve the life quality of the patients after operations.

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OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy and safety of mosapride combined with flupentixol melitracen in the treat-ment of elderly functional heartburn. METHODS:106 elderly patients with functional heartburn in accordance with Rome IIIstan-dard were randomly divided into control group(52 cases)and treatment group(54 cases). The control group was treated with Mo-sapride dispersible tablets 5mg,tid,orally;the treatment group was additionally given Flupentixol melitracen tablets(containing flu-pentixol 0.5 mg and melitracen 10 mg),qd,on the basis of control group. Therapeutic efficacy of 2 groups were observed after 4 weeks. Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depressive scale(HAMD) and symptom score were conducted before and after treatment. RESULTS:The total effective rate of treatment group and control group were 87.0%and 53.8%;with statistical signifi-cance(P<0.05);there was statistical significance in symptom score,HAMA score and HAMD score between 2 groups after treatment (P<0.01). No severe ADR was found in 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS:Mosapride combined with flupentixol melitracen is safe and ef-fective in the treatment of elderly functional heartburn.