ObjectiveTo analyze the postoperative complications and mortality in patients with portal hypertension and its prevention.MethodsFrom December 1988 to December 1998, we have surgically treated portal hypertension in 302 cases.ResultsForty-two(13.9%) patients had complications. Some complications were related to the operative method and the expertise, others were related to the disease and patients′ condition. The main relative factors of complications were: age over 50,liver function grade C, emergency operation, and moderate or severe esophageal varices. 64 patients died at follow-up of surgical complications, rebleeding, encephalopathy and systemic failure. ConclusionThe standard operative maneuver, perioperative intensive therapy and avoidance of emergency operation were important in reducing the complications. More attention should be paid to patients with old age, poor liver function and repeated bleeding. Postoperative patients should be regularly followed-up. Every measures should be undertaken to improve the patients′ general condition in order to lower bleeding, encephalopathy and mortality.

Objective To compare the muscular relaxation effect and side effects of Cisatracuri-um and Succinylcholine for children on tracheal foreign body removal.Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ pediat-ric patients,undergoing electivetracheal foreign body removal,were randomly divided into two groups:group C,received cisatracurium 0.2 mg/kg for induction,0.05 mg/kg for maintenance,n=20;group S,received succinycholine 2 mg/kg for induction,0.4 mg/kg for maintenance,n=20.All patients were performed with controlled ventilation assisted by high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV).We recorded bronchoscope condition,muscle relaxant supplements,extubation time and the incidence of muscle soreness in postoperative 24 h.Results There was no significant difference in bronchoscope condition between these two groups.The extubation time were significantly longer in group C than in group S (P<0.05).The incidence of muscle soreness in postoperative 24 h were sig-nificantly higher after the operation in group S than that in group C (P<0.01).All patients in group S needed muscle relaxant supplements,but none in group C (P <0.01).Conclusion Both Cisatra-curium and succinylcholine can provide good muscle relaxation effect on tracheal foreign body remov-al,but cisatracurium prolong the extubation time,and succinylcholine increase the incidence of muscle soreness.

[Objective] To observe the muscle relaxation clinical effect and the occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications,and the postoperative extubation and muscle strength recovery of Rocuronium and Succinylcholine in children during airway foreign body removal operation.[Methods] 80 cases of children (ASA I) with airway foreign body,among them,30 cases were older than 3 years old,were agreed to be on electively airway foreign body removal surgery.According to anesthesia induction,intravenous injection muscle relaxants were randomly divided into two groups (n =40):Rocuronium group (Group R) 0.9 mg/kg,Succinylcholine group (Group S) 1.5 mg/kg.According to the degree of muscle relaxation and operation time,if necessary,patients in Group R were added intravenous injection with Rocuronium 0.3 mg/kg,patients in Group S were added intravenous injection with Succinylcholine 0.5 mg/kg,the other drugs were consistent.Observation items included:the bronchoscopy conditions,the degree of muscle relaxation during operation,the numbers of intravenous injection muscle relaxant and atropine,the times of tracheal extubation,the dynamic observation about vital sign and hemodynamic intraoperative and postoperative,and the occurrence situation of complications,the incidence rate of muscle soreness in children older than 3 years old 24 h after operation.[Results] (1) There was no significant statistics difference between the two groups in the condition of bronchoscopy (P ＞ 0.05).(2)The patients in Group R were not required to add muscle relaxants and atropine,but all patients in Group S were required to add muscle relaxants and atropine (P ＜ 0.01).(3)The complications such as body movement,hypoxemia,restlessness during recovery period were happened in Group S,and in Group R,there were only 1 case of laryngeal spasm and restlessness during recovery period,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).(4)The muscle strength recovery of 15 min in Group S was significantly higher than the Group R (P ＜ 0.01).(5) The time of tracheal cannula extubation was extended after the operation in Group R,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05).(6)30 cases patients older than 3 years old were followed up 24 h after operation,14 cases in Group S were found with the muscle soreness of trunk and limb,but none was found in 16 cases in Group R,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.01).[Conclusions] The muscle relaxant effect was well during the removal of forcign body in children with Rocuronium and Succinylcholine,but the former provided a more security anesthesia condition,the muscle soreness of trunk and limb was not found in patient 24 h after operation;and the latter must continue to add drugs in operation,and the complications were found during and after the operation,the muscle soreness of trunk and limb was found in patient 24 h after operation.

Objective To compare the bleeding volume during endoscopic sinus surgery in pa-tients with hypertension under total intravenous anesthesia or combination of intravenous with inhaled anesthesia.Methods Forty adult patients with hypertension (ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ),male 25 and female 1 5,aged 35-54 years,agreed to be on electively endoscopic sinus surgery,were divided randomly into two groups(group A and group B,n =20 each).All patients were injected intravenously with fenta-nyl,propofol and cisatracurium during the induction of general anesthesia.During the maintenance stage of the general anesthesia,patients in group A were injected intravenously with propofol,and patients in group B were inhaled with sevoflurane until 5 minutes before the end of the operation.BIS was 40-60 during the operation in the two groups.After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation,ni-troglycerin and esmolol were given to adjust blood pressure and hypervolemic hemodilution was performed.. Bleeding volume and operation duration were recorded at the end of the operation.The arterial blood gas, blood lactate and coagulation function were monitored 30 minutes before the operation (T0 ),30 minutes (T1 )and 90 minutes after the operation beginning (T2 )and 30 minutes after the end of the operation (T3 ). Results Bleeding volume in group A was significantly less than that in group B (P <0.05).Fifteen minutes before the operation,the MAP of all the patients in two groups was controlled slowly to 60 mm Hg.Com-pare to those at T0 ,there was no significant difference in the arterial blood pressure,blood lactate and coag-ulation function at T1 ,T2 and T3 .Conclusion During the endoscopic sinus surgery with intravenous anes-thesia for patients with hypertension,the bleeding volume was less than that with inhalation anesthesia.

Objective To evaluate the long?term effect of the comprehensive control strategy for schistosomiasis with empha?sis on infectious source control in marshland?type endemic areas of Poyang Lake. Methods Three heavy endemic villages with schistosomiasis in the lake areas were selected as pilots for the comprehensive control strategy which included replacing bovine with tractors and forbidding grazing on marshlands. The data of schistosome infections of residents and Oncomelania hupensis snails were collected and analyzed statistically from 2009 to 2014. Results There were no patients with schistosomiasis through feces examinations in the 3 pilot villages. The average density of live snails in Niuzhou marshland showed a decline trend and the density was stable in Liulingwei marshland. There were no infected snails in the 2 marshlands and no schistosome adult worms were found in the sentinel rats Conclusion The implantation of the comprehensive control strategy for schistosomiasis with em?phasis on infectious source control can control the prevalence of schistosomiasis during a long period.