Oleic acid is a common pharmaceutical excipient that has been widely used in various dosage forms. Gas chromatography (GC) has often been used as the quantitation method for fatty acids normally requiring a derivatization step. The aim of this study was to develop a simple, robust, and derivatization-free GC method that is suitable for routine analysis of all the major components in oleic acid USP-NF (United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary) material. A gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) method was developed for direct quantitative analysis of oleic acid and related fatty acids in oleic acid USP-NF material. Fifteen fatty acids were separated using a DB-FFAP (nitroterephthalic acid modified polyethylene glycol) capillary GC column (30 m × 0.32 mm i.d.) with a total run time of 20 min. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness. The method can be routinely used for the purpose of oleic acid USP-NF material analysis.

Objective To explore the clinical pathologic characteristics of gallbladder cancer and prognostic factors for patients with gallbladder cancer.Methods We retrospectively reviewed 108 patients diagnosed pathologically with gallbladder cancer and treated in HuBei Three Gorges Polytechnic Medical College,Yichang Central People's Hospital and Yichang First People's Hospital from January 2003 to December 2012.Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival.The association between the clinicopathologic characteristic and the prognosis in gallbladder cancer patients was assessed using Log-rank test.Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine independent risk factors.Results All patients were followed up from 3 to 102 months,the median follow-up time was 46 months.There were 77 deaths (71.3％),31 patients are alive.Survival time after operation was from 4-98 months.The mean and the median survival time were 28.4 months and 17 months respectively.The 1,2,3 and 5-year overall survival rates were 54.2％,37.5％,31.3％ and 21.6％.Multivariate analysis indicated independent risk factors were such as incidental gallbladder cancer,lymph node metastasis,poor differentiation.Conclusions Gallbladder cancer is a malignancy with poor prognosis.Incidental gallbladder cancer,lymph node metastasis,tumor poor differentiation are independent risk factors.

Objective To compare the therapeutic effect of intraarticular injection with sodium hyaluronate (SH) and SH combined with triamcinolone acetonide for osteoarthritis (OA) of knee joint.Methods Eighty-two patients with OA of knee joint were divided into two groups by toss a coin from March 2010 to March 2011.Forty-two patients simplely accepted SH injection (SH group),40 patients accepted SH combined with triamcinolone acetonide (combination group).Intraarticular injection was taken once a week,a total of 5 times.Efficacy measurements included visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and safety.Results After treatment for 1 week,the measured value of VAS for up and down stairs in combination group was significantly lower than that in SH group [ (22.6 ± 6.1 ) mm vs.(63.9 ± 5.8 ) mm] (P ＜ 0.05 ).After treatment for 3,6 months,the measured value of VAS for up and down stairs in two groups had no significant difference [ (42.2 ± 6.6) mm vs.(41.1 ± 5.3) mm,(48.5 ± 5.5) mm vs.(49.3 ± 6.2) mm] (P ＞ 0.05).Function of the knee joint after treatment was better than before treatment in two groups.Adverse effects were minimal. Conclusions Intraarticular injection of SH and SH combined with triamcinolone acetonide OA of knee joint is a safe and effective method.SH combined with triamcinolone acetonide can improve the efficacy in early period.

Objective To investigate the long time prognosis of liver resection or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) of Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage C(BCLC-C) patients who have portal vein tumor thrombsis.Methods Totally 86 BCLC-C patients who satisfied our including criteria from our surgical database of People's Hospital of Yichang City from January 2000 to September 2015 were selected as the research object.According to different treatment,86 patients were divided into liver resection group(n=50) and TACE group(n=36).The general information of two groups were compared.Cox multi-factors analysis and overall survival rate were calculated.ResultsThe long-term prognosis of liver resection group was better than that of TACE group(5-year OS:26% vs.0,P<0.001).Multi-factors analysis revealed that multiple tumors (HR:1.510,95%CI[1.120,2.316],P=0.020),AST>40 IU/L(HR:0.615,95%CI[0.488,1.206],P=0.013) as well as HBV-DNA>1 000(HR:1.204,95%CI:[0.920,2.540],P=0.038)were adverse factors for prognosis.ConclusionLiver resection is better than TACE for BCLC-C patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis.However,randomized controlled trial still need to be used to further confirm our conclusion.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for group 14v lymph node metastasis in advanced gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 170 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were admitted to the Tianjin Cancer Hospital from January 2007 to December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients received D2 gastrectomy + group 14v lymph node dissection.All the patients were with gastric adenocarcinoma.The general information of the patients,and the number of lymph node dissected and lymph node with positive expression were recorded.Univariate and multivariate analysis of clinicopathological factors influencing the group 14v lymph node metastasis were done using bivariate Logistic regression model.The correlation between the group 14v lymph node metastasis and regional lymph node metastasis was analyzed using the bivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results Of the 170 patients,459 group 14v lymph nodes were dissected,and 2.7 lymph nodes for each patient (range,1-17 lymph nodes) ; 55 positive lymph nodes were detected in patients with group 14v lymph node metastasis,and 1.7 lymph nodes for each patient (range,1-3 lymph nodes).The results of univariate analysis showed that group 14v lymph node metastasis was correlated with the degree of radical dissection of tumor,diameter of the tumor,lymph node metastasis (N stage) and distal metastasis (M stage).Compared with patients with advanced gastric cancer and with R0 resection of tumor,tumor diameter≤4 cm,N0 stages,and M0 stages,patients with R1 or R2 resection,tumor diameter ＞4 cm,N2 stages,N3 stages,and M1 stages had higher risk of group 14v lymph node metastasis (OR =3.899,2.646,19.231,33.929,5.000,95％ confidence interval:1.11113.677,1.075-6.516,2.333-158.548,4.310-267.112,1.617-15.464,P ＜ 0.05).The resnlts of multivariate analysis showed that N stage was the independent risk factor influencing the group 14v lymph node metastasis.Compared with patients in N0 stage,patients in N2 or N3 stage had higher risk of group 14v lymph node metastasis (OR =15.248,26.287,95％ confidence interval:1.811-128.386,3.244-213.034,P ＜ 0.05).Group 4sb,4d,5,6,7,8a,9,11p,12a and 16 lymph node mnetastasis were coxelated with group 14v lymph node metastasis (OR =3.923,3.335,2.693,5.641,3.100,4.203,3.655,3.660,3.838,17.400,95％ confidence interval:1.264-12.177,1.425-7.807,1.149-6.312,2.126-14.965,1.311-7.330,1.735-10.185,1.395-9.582,1.331-10.666,1.086-13.571,2.707-111.837,P ＜0.05).Conclusion N stage is an independent risk factor of group 14v lymph node metastasis,and the status of group 6 lymph node is the best indicator for group 14v lymph node metastasis.

Objective To evaluate the risk factors for recurrence of node-negative advanced gastric cancer(N0-AGC) after radical resection.Methods Data of 270 N0-AGC cases after curative intent resection were collected from 2001 to 2008 in Tianjin Cancer Hospital.There were 45 cases with postoperative recurrence.Univariate and multivariate analysis were applied to investigate risk factors for postoperative recurrence.Results The recurrence time was 2-68 months,the survival time was 5-87 months.Univariate analysis showed that tumor size,depth of tumor invasion,number of negative lymph nodes were associated with recurrence of N0-AGC.Multivariate analysis identified tumor size,depth of tumor invasion,number of negative lymph nodes as independent recurrence factors for entire cohort,depth of tumor invasion,number of negative lymph nodes were risk factors for locoregional recurrence.Tumor size,adjuvant chemotherapy for hematogenous metastasis.Conclusions For T4 stage,tumor diameter ＞4 cm advanced node-negative gastric cancer patients,extended lymphadenectomy was recommended to decrease locoregional recurrence,and adjuvant chemotherapy to reduce hematogenous spread.

[ Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of IL-8 on the viability and migration of HepG2 cells and the potential effect of integrins (αsubunits ) on the migration of HepG2 cells.Methods HepG2 cells were stimulated by IL-8 at different concentrations ranging from 0 to 125 ng/ml in vitro.MTT assay was preformed to detect the viability of HepG2 cells.Scratch wound migration assay was used to explore the effect of IL-8 on the migration of HepG2 cells at the time points of 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h,respectively.Transwell assay was conducted to detect the vertical migration of HepG2 cells after stimulation with IL-8 for 24 h.The F-actin of HepG2 cells was observed by immunofluorescence analysis after treatment with IL-8 at different concentrations.The expression of αsubunits of integrins in HepG2 cells treated with IL-8 for 8h was detected using Western boltting assays.Results Compared with the control group, HepG2 cells treated with IL-8 showed improved proliferation activities, but there was no significant difference between the groups of HepG2 cells treated with IL-8 at different concentrations.The cell scratch healing assays and Transwell analysis both indicated that IL-8 promoted the migration of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Meanwhile, the cytoskeleton of HepG2 cells was rearranged and the number of filopodium-like protrusions (FLPs) was increased rapidly after treatment with IL-8.Western blotting analysis showed that IL-8 up-regulated the expression of αsubunit of integrins and there was a concentration difference betweenαsubunits.Conclusion IL-8 promotes the migration of HepG2 cells by up-regulating the expression ofαsubunits, and different αsubunits may play different roles.

According to the requirement of the national assessment for achieving the infection control criteria, 42 villages (among them,25 villages belonged to the first stratum, and 17 villages belonged to the second stratum) in 14 counties from 5 provinces, including Hunnan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui and Yunnan, were selected as sampling villages for the assessment.The results from the field assessment showed that 154 out of 9 067 people were found infected with Sckistosoma japonicum, with an average infection rate of 1.7% ranged from 0.31 % to 4.10% , and only Yongping Village from Weishan County and Tenglong Village from Eryuan County were not found any case. A total of 46 out of 3 323 head of cattle were infected with S. japonicum, with an average infection rate of 1.38% ranged from 0.26% to 3.79% , and no any infected individual detected in Nanling County. No outbreak occurred in those sampling villages. Therefore, it is indicated that the five sampling provinces have reached the national criteria on infection control of schistosomiasis.