Objective To analyze the osteogenic potential of tissue-engineered bone in vitro,and to evaluate an effective way in constructing tissue-engineered bone.Methods Tissue-engineered bone was constructed in the following ways:ADSCs were transfected with BMP-2 gene plus static seeding and static culture (group A),ADSCs were encapsulated with gels containg BMP-2 plus oscillating seeding and static culture (group B),gels encapsulation with BMP-2 gene and oscillating seeding(group C),gels encapsulation with BMP-2 and static seeding(group D).SEM and CLM were used to observe cellular pattern,apoptosis rate,cell activity,ALP level were detected at 1,4,8,12,16,20,24,28 days.New bone formation were observed after transplantation of bone construct in nude mice. Results Under observation of SEM and CLM. new tissue showed more remarkable cell proliferation with abundant ECM in group C,compared with other groups,the apoptosis rate in group C was significantly lower(P＜0.05),and level of cell activity,ALP,DNA and OCN were significantly higher(P＜0.05). Conclusion Gels encapsulation of BMP-2 gene combined with oscillating seeding promotes the cell augmentation and improves the quality of tissue-engineered bone.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes of minimally invasive treatment of elderly patients with osteoporotic and stable intertrochanteric fracture with percutaneous compression plate as compared with sliding hip screw.Methods Retrospec-tive analysed 86 old patients with stable intertrochanteric fracture treated by PCCP(PCCP group)or SHS(SHS group)from Janu-ary 2009 to December 2010.There was 39 cases in the PCCP group and 47 cases in the SHS group.The operation time,blood loss, transfusion rate,incidence of lateral wall rupture,full weight bearing time and last Harris hip scores were recorded and compared between two groups.Results Shorter operation time,less blood loss and high Harris scores were observed in the PCCP group(P<0.05),but no signifocont difference between the two groups of tromsfusion rate and incidence of Lateral wall rapture(P>0.05). Conclusion compared with SHS,PCCP can lead to a lower surgery blood loss,shorter operation time and a better hip function.It is a suitable impant for elderly patients with osteoporotic and stable intertrochanteric fracture.

Objective To study the apoptosis of breast cancer cells induced by green tea and the preventive effect of green tea on cancer.Methods Catecholamine,the main components of green tea was added into human breast cancer cell line(MDA-MB-231) with different concentrations,and then human breast cancer cell line was measured by MTT assay,comet assay,flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assay respectively.Results After treatment with 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h,the cell proliferation was inhibited in the experimental group in MTT assay[minimum absorbance value (0.391±0.041),t=4.223 P<0.01].In comet assay,cells treated with 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h in the experimental group showed a fairly long tail[control group average value (4.92±0.64)μm,the experimental group average value (18.76±1.37)μm,P=0.003].The rate of cell apoptosis increased significantly by testing MDA-MB-231 exposed to EGCG with flow cytometry.The apoptotic rate of the cells exposed to 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h in the experimental group was (29.370±1.485)(t=11.125,P<0.01).EGCG induced apoptosis and caspase-3 activity rate was dependent on time and dose.The OD value of caspase-3 observed by the colorimetric method in cells exposed to 0.2mmol/L EGCG for 48 h in the experimental group was (0.144±0.045)(t=5.321,P<0.01).Conclusion EGCG may play a role in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer by affecting apoptosis.

BACKGROUND: Senile hip fracture is a common disease, and its high disability and lethality severely affect the lifetime and quality of life of the elderly.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of senile osteoporotic hip fractures.METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, CqVip, WanFang and PubMed databases was performed for relevant basic research published from January 1995 to September 2016 using the keywords of osteoporosis,hip fracture, epidemiology in Chinese and English, respectively. Meanwhile, references in the searched articles were retrieved, finally 27 eligible articles were enrolled for analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The occurrence of senile osteoporotic hip fractures is closely related to the bone mineral density, proximal femur geometry, and fall-strain. (2) The preventions of osteoporotic fractures include primary prevention aiming at risk factors for osteoporosis and secondary prevention for osteoporotic patients. (3) The surgical treatment of femoral neck fracture is divided into open/closed reduction and internal fixation, femoral head arthroplasty and total hip arthroplasty. (4) Sliding hip screw fixation, proximal femoral intramedullary nail, external fixator and femoral head arthroplasty are used to treat intertrochanteric fracture. (5) There are various drugs used for hip fracture, such as calcium, vitamin D, estrogens, calcitonin and bisphosphonates. Indeed, individual treatment contributes to postoperative rehabilitation.

Objective The purpose of this study is to observe the property of guided bone regeneration by collagen membrane and investigate the mechanism of guided bone regeneration. Methods 10mm defect of radius was created bilaterally in adult New Zealand rabbits. The experimental group was transplanted by collagen membrane with surface decalcified bone allograft,and the control group was transplanted by surfaced decalcified bone allograft alone.Radiological and histological and immunohistochemical examinations were taken postoperatively. Results In the transplantation area of experimental group,distinctive periosteal reaction and new bone growth occurred remarkably,bone remodeling progressed successfully,and defects healed completely.But in the transplantation area of the control group,new bone growth and mature bone replacement were delay due to occupation of fibrous connective tissue. Conclusions Collagen membrance has an ability to block and guide.In addition,membrane tube can keep endogenic BMP with exogenic BMP greatly concentrating and effectively distributing. The distributive characteristic of BMP exerts an influence on cellular resources and pattern of bone healing.

Acrylamide(AA)is a chemical used in many industries around the world and more recently was found to form naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures.Acrylamide was shown to be a neurotoxicant,reproductive toxicant,and carcinogen in animal species.Only the neurotoxic effects were observed in humans and only at high levels of exposure in occupational settings. The present review is a synopsis of research on the genotoxicity and reproductive toxicant of acrylamide.

BACKGROUND: Myogenetic seed cells are the fundamental for construction of tissue-engineered smooth muscle, and optimizing the amplification of seed cells is the key in further clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the myogenetic potential of rabbit adipose-derived stromal cells induced with the combination of MyoD, transforming growth factor β1 and 5-azacytidine, and to investigate a new way to induce cells. METHODS: The rabbit abdominal fats were isolated and then the adipose-derived stromal cells were separated by col agenase digestion method for myogenetic induction with different methods: 5-azacytidine induction group, MyoD+transforming growth factor β1 induction group, 5-azacytidine+MyoD+transforming growth factor β1 combination induction group. The blank control group was set. The morphological characteristics of cells were observed at 1, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 28 days after induction, and the col agen type Ⅲ level were detected with 4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the other groups, the cel activity was higher in the combination induction group and reached peak at 16 days after induction, the number and volume of myotubes were increased at 20 days with regular arrangement, and desmin showed strong expression. Cel cycle showed the ratio of adipose-derived stromal cells in the DNA replication phase was increased in the combination induction group, the ratio of cells in the clearance period was decreased; the level of col agen type Ⅲ was increased significantly, and the difference was significant. The results indicate that 5-azacytidine combined with multiple factors can promote the differentiation of adipose-derived stromal cells into myoblasts with significant cel proliferation, which is considered as the ideal method to in vitro induction of myoblasts.

Objective To explore the effect of coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) on left atrial (LA) function by strain rate imaging(SRI). Methods Twenty-three patients with coronary heart disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting were involved. SRI was performed on those patients to evaluate LA function quantitatively at baseline (before CABG),and at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after CABG. Peak strain rate(SR) was measured at each segment (septal, lateral, posterior, anterior, and inferior walls) and mean peak systolic SR (SRs),peak early diastolic SR (SRe) and peak atrial systolic SR (SRa) were calculated by averaging data in each segment. Results Compared with the baseline,LV pre-systolic volume(LAVp), maximal volume (LAVmax), minimal volume (LAVmin), LV active emptying fraction (LAAEF) and passive empting fraction(LAPEF) had on significant differences at 1 week (P >0.05). LAVp,LAVmin,LAVmax and LAAEF decreased gradually after CABG, LAPEF increased gradually after CABG (P <0.05). Compared with the baseline, the peaks of SR curve showed no significant differences at 1 week (P >0.05). Nevertheless,the peaks of SR were increased at systole and early diastole,decreased at atrial contraction at 1 month (P <0.05). Those changes were turned more significantly at 3 months (P 0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) both increased at 1 month and 3 months,and its changing rate correlated inversely with the changing rate of SRa respectively (r = -0.751, -0.783,all P<0.01).Conclusions LA function is affected by CABG, presented as reservoir and pump functions decreased and conduit function increased. SRI can evaluate the atrial function quantitatively and monitor the changing of LA function dynamically after CABG.

Objective To assess left ventricular systolic synchrony and systolic function, as well as the relationship between left ventricular systolic synchrony and systolic function in patients with myocardial infarction with real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE). Methods Thirty patients with myocardial infarction and 20 healthy subjects underwent RT-3DE. Full-volume imaging was performed and the data was analyzed. A series of global and regional left ventricular volume curves were plotted. The parameters of left ventricular systolic function, synchrony in global and regional cardiac ventricle were obtained. Results ESV, EDV were larger and the LVEF was lower in the group of patients with myocardial infarction than those of the control group (P＜0.01). All the systolic synchrony parameters were significant larger in patients with myocardial infarction than in the control group (P＜0.001). The LVEF values, especially Tmsv-16-SD% and Tmsv-16-Dif%, were negative correlated with all the systolic synchrony parameters (r=-0.755, -0.747). The regional left ventricular systolic function parameters (rEF and rgEF) were lower and the Tmsv% was longer (P＜0.05) in the zones with infarction in patients with anterior myocardial infarction than those of the control group. The changes of Tmsv% were in coincidence with that in regional left ventricular systolic function. Conclusion RT-3DE can be used to evaluate left ventricular systolic synchrony and systolic function. The left ventricular systolic asynchrony has negatively effect on systolic function.

BACKGROUND:The incidence of open fracture of the elbow joint is increased rapidly with an increased number of accidents. Fractures are often accompanied by severe soft tissue injuries. At present, a combined therapy of autologous skin grafting, vacuum sealing drainage and external fixation for the treatment of open fractures has been widely reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of the combined therapy of autologous skin grafting, vacuum sealing drainage, and external fixation for repair of complex and severe open fracture of the elbow joint. METHODS:A total of 41 patients with complex and severe open fracture of the elbow joint who received the combined therapy of autologous skin grafting, vacuum sealing drainage and external fixation during January 2009 to December 2013 in General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, China were selected. Al patients were treated with routine debridement, external fixation and vacuum sealing drainage to cover wound during the first period. During the second period, autologous skin grafting or flap transfer was used to repair wound when the fresh granulation tissue covered the wound. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The postoperative folow-up period of these 41 patients was 8-22 months, with an average period of 13 months. External fixation period was 8-13 months with an average period of 9.8 months. The open wounds were completely healed after autologous skin grafting or skin flaps transfer. Fractures were healed in 31 patients during the first period. There were 7 cases of delayed union, 3 cases of nonunion. Al fractures were completely healed during 8-12 months after iliac bone grafting. The excelent and good rate of limb function recovery was 73.1% among 41 patients with severe open fracture of the elbow joint. The limb function of Gustilo II patients better recovered. These results suggest that the clinical effect of the combined therapy of autologous skin grafting, vacuum sealing drainage and external fixation for the treatment of complex and severe open fractures of the elbow joint is satisfactory.