Objective To investigate the levels of inflammatory cytokines in children with low absolute lymphocyte count (ALC).Methods 56 patients with low ALC as the patients group and 20 children with healthy physical examination as the control group were enrolled.Several inflammatory cytokines,namely IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-βwere measured with enzyme linked immu-nosorbent assay(ELISA)kits.High sensitive C reactive protein(Hs-CRP)was measured by the immunoturbidimetry(ITM)kit with the automatic biochemical analyzer.Results The concentrations of IL-1,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-βin the patients were(0.096±0.012) ng/mL,(0.118±0.026)ng/mL,(0.388 ±0.069)ng/mL and(1.256 ±0.245 )ng/mL respectively,which had no statistical differ-ences as compared with the control group(P >0.05);the concentration of HsCRP in the patients group was(5.7±2.8)mg/L,while which in the control group was(4.8±2.6)mg/L,showing no statistically significant difference between them(P >0.05).Conclusion The levels of the cytokines in low ALC patients are not increased,which may be related with the other factors.Actively using tra-ditional Chinese medicine treatment is beneficial to the recovery of disease.

The improving brain circulation is the most important aspect in protecting brain from the ischemic trauma. This frauma on pathophysiology includes the two stages which are related to different treatments. The paper induced some therapeutic progress, such as thrombolytic therapy, the use of anticoagulation agents, antiplatelet drugs, neuroprotectine agents, intracerebral transplantation, antiedama, and reducing intracranieal pressure.

We report the results of nephrectomy under laparoscopy for 3 patients. Three patients were subjected to laparoscopy for the treatment of hydronephrosis of no function under general aneshesia. Succesiful operation was performed in the 3 patients without complication, the average operation time being 240 minutes, and hospitelization duration averaging 4.5 days.

8 cases of adrenal tumors were subjected to laparoscopy from October 2000 to June 2001.Success was achieved in 7 cases, one patient was convevted to open surgery because of bleeding. Recovery was uneventful in all without complication. The indications and technique of operation as well as complications were discussed.

0.05. Conclusions Radical nephrectomy remains the cardinal method for the treatment of primary renal cell carcinoma. Extensive retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy does not improve the survival.

Objective To study the relationship between urinary heparin and human bladder transitional cell carcinoma(BTCC) Methods Reverse polarity capillary electrophonesis(RPCE)in a phosphate buffer was used to determine the value of urinary heparin in 19 patients with BTCC and in 9 normal individuals. Results The value of urinary heparin was (2.37?1.06)?g/L in 9 normal subjects,(1.11?0.45)?g/L in 9 patients with Ta～T 1 BTCC and (0.41?0.13)?g/L in 10 patients with T 2～T 4 BTCC. Conclusions Falling of urinary heparin in BTCC plays an important role in the occurrence and invasiveness of BTCC.

Objective To study the diagnosis accuracy and the treatment sequelae of adenocarcinoma of urinary bladder. Methods 41 cases of urinary bladder adenocarcinoma have been encountered from 1980 to 2000,all of them had undergone operation and the diagnosis being assessed on histopathology studies.There are 18 cases of primary bladder adenocarcinoma,among which 8 had undergone radical cystectomy and 10 partial cystectomy.Among 12 cases of urachal adenocarcinoma extending to the bladder,11 received extended resection.All the 11 patitents with metastatic focus in the bladder underwent local ablation. Results Urinary bladder adenocarcinoma comprised 3.2% of the bladder cancer.Thirty seven patients have been followed up for five months to ten years.The 1 year survival rate was 51.3%(19 cases),the 2 year survival rate 43.2%(16 cases) and the 5 year survival rate 21.6%(8 cases). Conclusions Radical total cystectomy is the treatment of choice for primary adenocarcinoma of bladder and extended partial cystectomy seems to be the best for urachal adenocarcinoma. Comprehension therapy should be undertaken for patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma or tumor recurrence so as to improve the survival rate.

Objective To evaluate the modified Stamey bladder neck suspension for female stress urinary incontinence. Methods 52 cases with an average age of 46 and an average stress incontinence history of 7.5 years underwent the modified Stamey procedure,18 cases being degree Ⅰ,21 degree Ⅱ and the other 13 degree Ⅲ. Results 32 cases were treated before 1994 and the outcome was evaluate at 3.6 years and 9.6 years postoperatively.There were 3 failures because of operative complication.The cure rates and failure rates at 3.6 and 9.6 years were 87.5%,68.8% and 6.2%, 21.9%,respectively.20 cases were treated after 1994 with a follow up of 4.3 years.The cure rate has been 90.0%. Conclusions The Stamey procedure yields high initial cure rates yet the latter declines with time.

ObjectiveTo study the diagnosis and therapy of circumcaval ureter.MethodsFifteen cases of circumcaval ureter were studied retrospectively.The cardinal symptoms include discomfort over the back and loins,nephrocolic and bloody urine.The diagnosis mainly depends on IVU and retrograde urography.12 patients underwent ureteroureterostomy,2 ureteropyeloneostomy and 1 nephrectomy.ResultsAll the patients have been follewed up from 1 to 15 years by IVU and ultrasonography,and no nephrohydrosis or stenosis of the anastomosis site has been noted.All the patients have been free from any complaints.ConclusionsIVU and retrograde urography are the cardinal means for the diagnosis of circumcaval ureter,and operation is indicated in order to improve the renal function.It is important to choose a proper time and an adequate surgical technique.

Objective To investigate the application value of urine excrement shunt surgery for the treatment of severe metabolic disorders after Sigma rectum pouch of bladder cancer.Methods From July 2011 to December 2013,4 male patients (mean age 72±10 years old,ranged from 58-82 years old),who received radical cystectomy and Sigma rectum pouch due to bladder cancer,were admitted in our hospital.Within four years after the operation,all patients complained about the recurrent fatigue,anorexia and even unconsciousness.The hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis,hypokalemia and renal dysfunction were diagnosed by blood gas analysis and biochemical tests.One week before urine excrement shunt operation,the arterial blood pH,HCO3-,serum potassium,chloride and creatinine were (7.15±0.08),(7.8±4.7)mmol/L,(3.1 ±0.2) mmol/L,(110.3±4.7) mmol/L,(314.8±66.4) μmol/L,respectively.They received urine excrement shunt surgery.The lower abdominal mid-line incision was made and the pouch was isolated from intestinal tract.The abdomen ostomy was made and the sigmoid colon and rectum were re-coincided in order to recover the intestinal continuity.The results of blood gas analysis,electrolytes and renal function after surgery were compared with those before surgery.Results The average operation time was (256.3±26.9) min and the mean volume of bleeding was (147.5±111.2) ml.There was no surgery related complication.Blood bicarbonate was (19.1±4.8) mmol/L one week after surgery,which was significantly improved than that before operation (P＜0.05).One month later,blood pH level descended to (7.38±0.05),potassium level was (3.9±0.3) mmol/L,creatinine was (208.8±50.8) umol/L.All of them were significantly improved,compared with those results before surgery (P＜0.05).Blood chloride was significantly reduced to (102.4±5.8) mmol/L (P＜0.05) after 6 months of operation.Nobody developed severe acidosis and electrolyte disturbances during 6 months to 3 years' follow-up.Conclusions Urine excrement shunt surgery can effectively corrected the acidosis and electrolyte disturbances due to the radical cystectomy and Sigma rectum pouch.It might be a alternative method to treat such kind of severe complications.