AIM:To investigate protective effect of ethanol extract of Forsythia suspensa flower(FFE)on mitochondrial injury induced by free radicals,antioxidation and superoxide anion(O ?-__2)scavenging activities and anti-aging mechanism.METHODS:Thiobarbituric acid(TBA)colorimetric method was used to determine malondialdehyde(MDA).Spectrometric method was used to measure the swelling of mitochondria and activities of scavenging O ?-__2 which was produced by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)-4-Nitrobluetetrazolium chloride(NBT)-N-Methylphenazonium methyl sulfate(PMS)system.The neck back of mice were injected subcutaneously with D-galactose to induce aging model at a dose of 100 mg/(kg?d)for 7 weeks.The effects of FFE on the activities of catlase(CAT),surperoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and anti-hydroxyl radical were assayed by ammonium molybdate colorimetry,xanthine oxidase method,dithiodinitrobenzoic acid colorimetry and Fenton reaction colorimetry in vivo respectively.RESULTS:FFE could inhibit mitochondrial injury and swelling induced by Fe 2+-L-Cys in a concentration-dependent manner and also had significant O ?-__2 scavenging effect.Moreover,the activities of CAT,SOD,GSH-Px and anti-hydroxyl radical in mice liver homogenate were increased significantly by FFE.CONCLUSION:FFE protects mitochondria by scavenging reactive oxygen species,and increasing the activities of antioxidase.So FFE has the pharmaceutical values of antioxidant and anti-aging.

Objective: To observe the oral care effects of finger toothbrush. Methods: The finger toothbrush worn on the index finger was made of silica gel .It was used to brush the in vitro healthy teeth pulled out on the same day and the standard hard plaster tooth model and to brush the in vivo healthy teeth in adults; the bacteria in the finger toothbrush, The dentofacial pluque and the abrasion on the tooth model were tested respectively. Results: After in vivo use the bacteria remained in the finger toothbrush were fewer than those in the commonly used toothbrush(1 683.24?1 355.59 and 2 353.76?1 582.06 respectively). The dentofacial plaque was decreased in the same extent by the two kinds of toothbrushes. The zero rate of abrasion on the tooth model was 93.3%(28/30) by finger toothbrush and 23.3%(14/30) by the commonly used toothbrush. Conclusion: The finger toothbrush worn on finger can remove dentofacial plaque effectively and produce a lower abrasion on tooth.

Objective To identify the effect of blood pool 18F-FDG activity on liver SUV and to investigate the optimal normalization method.Methods PET/CT and common serological examination items from 1 018 subjects were retrospectively collected.Mean SUV of liver and blood were recorded as SUVmean(L) and SUVmean (B),respectively.The difference and quotient of SUVmean(L) and SUV mean (B) were calculated as SUVmean (L-B) and SUVmean (L/B),respectively.CV of SUVmean (L),SUVmean (L-B) and SUVmean(L/B) were calculated to assess their inter-individual variations.Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of SUVmean(L),SUVmean(L-B),SUVmean(L/B) with SUVmean(B).Multiple linear stepwise regression was performed to identify their vulnerability to common serological examination items.Results CV of SUVmean(L/B) (15.1％) was less than that of SUmean(L) (23.2％) and SUVmean(L-B) (40.6％).Correlation between SUVmean(L) and SUVmean(B) (r =0.820,P＜0.001) was more significant than that between SUVmean(L-B) and SUVmean(B) (r =0.205,P＜0.001) as well as between SUVmean (L/B) and SUVmean (B) (r=-0.376,P＜0.001).Blood glucose and BMI correlated with SUVmean(L) and SUVmean(L/B),but not with SUV (B).Age and HDL correlated with SUVmean(L) and SUVmean(B),but not with SUV (L/B).Fatty liver was significantly associated with SUV mean (L/B) (β =-0.047,P ＜0.001),but not with SUVmean(L) and SUVmean (B).Conclusions 18 F-FDG activity of blood pool affects liver SUV.SUV mean (L/B) is a simple and reliable normalization method since its inter-individual variation and vulnerability to common serological examination items are relatively lower than liver SUV.

Objective To compare the effect of enteral nutrition by jejunum colostomy nutrition infusion pump of patients after Whipple surgery as well as reduce adverse reactions in patients.Methods Sixty-five cases with the implementation of Whipple and jejunum of colostomy were selected as our subjects,who were hospitalized in the Affiliated hospital of Hebei United University from Feb.2009 to Nov.2013.All patients were divided into observation group (33 cases) and control group (32 cases) according to the methods of nutrient input.Patients in observation group were given nutrition infusion pump pumping (15 to 50 ml/h) ;and patients in control group were adopted disposable infusion connection infusion with the speed of 30 drops/min with the thermostat heating temperature and the water pipe.The blood glucose,serum albumin,blood electrolyte concentration of postoperative,and the adverse reactions during input nutrient solution including vomiting,abdominal distention,diarrhea and other adverse circumstance were recorded.Results At 1st,3rd,5th day,there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the levels of glucose,blood albumin,blood C1,Na +,K + between two groups(blood glucose:F inner grouP =3.01,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =2.90,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =2.87,P ＞ 0.05 ; serum albumin:F inner group =2.94,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =2.89,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =2.76,P ＞ 0.05 ; blood Cl:F inner group =1.78,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =1.96,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =1.88,P ＞ 0.05 ; blood Na +:F inner group =1.06,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =1.35,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =1.27,P ＞ 0.05 ; blood K +:F inner group =3.12,P ＞ 0.05 ; F between group =3.04,P ＞ 0.05 ; F cross group =2.93,P ＞ 0.05).There were significant differences regarding of the rate of vomiting,abdominal distention,diarrhea and other adverse conditions compared with the infusion enteral nutrition has good clinical effect,postoperative blood (x2 =4.029,4.381,4.905 respectively; P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The methods of colostomy enteral nutrition with infusion pump after Whipple surgery is proved to be with the better clinical effect in reducing postoperative vomiting,abdominal distention,diarrhea and other adverse conditions compared with the infusion enteral nutrition,and there are no significant difference in the terms of the levels of glucose,blood albumin,blood Cl,Na +,K +.

18 F?FDG PET/CT has been increasingly used in diagnosis, staging, treatment response assessment and prognosis prediction of malignant tumors. As the main organ of carbohydrate metabolism, liv?er is commonly taken as reference organ in disease diagnosis and imaging quality control. Hepatic FDG up?take in healthy people is affected by various physiological, potential pathological and imaging technical fac?tors, as well as inter?individual variation. Besides, variation of SUV caused by different calibrating methods cannot be neglected. The factors that affecting hepatic FDG uptake based on findings in recent studies are summarized in this review.

Objective To identify impacts of infection status of chronic hepatitis viruses and biochemical parameters of liver function on hepatic FDG uptake.Methods The results of 18F-FDG PET/CT,liver function biochemical tests and hepatic virus tests of 713 healthy adults (504 males,209 females,age 24-74 years) were retrospectively analyzed.Two-sample t test,correlation analysis,partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression were performed to identify correlations of liver SUV with the biochemical parameters and hepatic viral infection status.Results HBsAg tests were performed in 449 subjects,with the results of 65 (14.5％) positive and 384 (85.5％) negative.HCV antibody tests were performed in 477 subjects,with 53 (11.1％) positive and 424 (88.9％) negative.The average SUV of the total subjects was 1.86±0.38.There was no significant difference of SUV between HBsAg positive group and negative group (t=1.042,P＞0.05),or between HCV antibody positive group and negative group (t=1.283,P＞ 0.05).Serum conjugated bilirubin,globulin and AST were significantly correlated with liver SUVmean(r'=-0.191,-0.087 and 0.132,all P＜0.05).These parameters were independent variables on predicting variance of liver SUV with globulin showing the largest predicting value (standardizedβ' =-0.112,P＜0.05).Conclusions Functional status of liver may affect liver 18F-FDG uptake.Serum conjugated bilirubin,globulin and AST may be the independent variables on predicting variance of liver SUV.Liver functional test results should be taken into consideration when hepatic 18F-FDG uptake is interpreted.

Objective To evaluate the combined impacts of blood glucose and its related metabolic factors on 18F-FDG uptake by liver.Methods A total of 544 subjects (384 males and 160 females, age range 24-73 years) undergoing 18F-FDG PET/CT were recruited in this retrospective study.SUVmean of the right lobe of liver was calculated.Two-sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were performed to compare SUVmean between patients with different genders and BMI levels.Linear correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the relationship between age, injected 18F-FDG dose, blood glucose, serum T3, T4, FT3, FT4, BMR, BMI and liver SUVmean.Results The SUVmean of the liver in males and females were 1.89±0.42 and 1.92±0.38 (t=0.693, P>0.05), but it was significantly different among BMI groups (F=3.056, P<0.05).Age, blood glucose and FT3 were significantly associated with liver SUVmean (r′ values: 0.108, 0.140 and 0.105, all P<0.05) and were independent factors that indicated variation of liver SUVmean (β values: 0.006, 0.070 and 0.088, all P<0.05).Blood glucose was the strongest powerful predicting variable of liver SUVmean (β′=0.154, P<0.001).Conclusions Blood glucose and its related metabolic factors can affect the liver 18F-FDG uptake.Age, FT3, blood glucose are independent factors predicting variation of liver SUVmean.The impact of glucose metabolism status should be considered when assessing liver 18F-FDG uptake.

Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of bovine pericardium wrapping stump after distal pancreatectomy in a porcine model.Methods Thirty-two swine were randomly assigned to control group (n =16,conventional scalpel transection with hand-sewn closure of the pancreatic remnant)and experiment group (n =16,bovine pericardium wrapping stump combined with hand-sewn).Closedsuction drainage was collected daily until the tenth postoperative day.Animals were killed for necropsy at 3 weeks postoperatively and the pancreatic remnant was sampled for histology.Results The incidence of pancreatic leak in the wrapping group was lower than that in the control group (6.2 vs.46.7％,P ＜0.05).The amount of drainage fluid was higher in the control group during the postoperative period (25.1 ml vs.54.2 ml,P ＜ 0.01).There were no differences in operative time or other clinical parameters measured.No other significant differences were found in macroscopic changes between the two groups.Histology demonstrated focal,chronic inflammation with necrosis at the stump in all animals.Conclusions Bovine pericardium wrapping stump effectively reduced the incidence of pancreatic leakage after distal pancreatectomy.

Objective To retrospectively evaluate the value of SPECT/CT imaging for follow-up of bone metastases.Methods A total of 178 patients with bone metastases (387 lesions) underwent 2 or more events of whole-body bone scintigraphy (WBS) and SPECT/CT imaging.Sequential images were analyzed by 2 experienced,nuclear medicine physicians.Each lesion was interpreted as progressive,remissive or stable in WBS or SPECT/CT independently.Reasons for the discordance between WBS and SPECT/CT results were analyzed.The results of clinical follow-up,including clinical symptoms,tumor markers,serum ALP,radiograph,CT and MRI,were likewise classified as progressive,remissive or stable.The x2 test was used to compare the differences between the two imaging methods.Results The follow-up results of the two imaging methods were consistent in 313 (80.88％,313/387) lesions,including 208 in progression and 105 in remission or stable condition.Among the 74(19.12％,74/387) lesions showing discordance,48 showed remission or stable conditions on WBS but progression on SPECT/CT (64.86％,48/74) ; while 26 showed progression on WBS but remission or stable condition on SPECT/CT (35.14％,26/74).There was a statistically significant difference of the follow-up results between WBS and SPECT/CT (x2 =6.54,P ＜0.05).Conclusion SPECT/CT is more valuable than WBS for follow-up of bone metastases.

To study the pharmacokinetics of ~(131)I-Metuximab injection (Licartin) combined with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MethodsLicartin (27.75 MBq/kg) and the mixture of anticancer drug and Lipiodol were sequentially administered with interval of 20 minutes to 15 patients with HCC via a transfemoral catheter.After the Licartin was administrated, the pharmacokinetic and biodistribution data were evaluated through venous blood samples,urine collections,and 4 γ-scintigraphies (SPECT) over 7 days. The pharmacokinetic parameters were determined from integration of the blood radioactivity-time curves using the SPSS 12.0 software. The tumor-no-tumor ratio (T/NT) was calculated by ROI. Absorbed doses in organ were estimated according to the medical internal radiation dose formalism. The biodistribution of licartin within patient's body at different time points was compared for various organs using analysis of variance for repeated measures, as well as the T/NT ratio. ResultsThe blood radioactivity-time curves followed the dynamics two-compartment model, with the major pharmacokinetic parameters including t_(1/2)α(1.96±1.65) h, and t_(1/2)α(19.07±5.91) h,and t_(1/2)β (57.09±10.92) h, and C_(max) 2.113×10~9min~(-1)·L~(-1), and AUC_(0-∞) 1.302×10~(11) h·min~(-1)·L~(-1), respectively. The accumulated urine radioactivity was 52.2% of administrated dosage during 144 h after administration. There were statistical significant difference of biodistribution of licartin and T/NT ratio between organs at different time points (F=6.583, P<0.01 and F=3.546, P<0.01). SPECT scans showed the significant accumulation of the radioconjugate in liver tumor and faint uptake in other organs for 14 days. Tumor-to-liver ratio decreased from 2.88±1.02 at 3 h to 1.64±0.40 at 168 h (n=7). Organ absorbed dose was (3.19±1.01) Gy in liver (n=12) and (0.55±0.09) Gy in red marrow (n=7). ConclusionLicartin combined with TACE for treatment of HCC is helpful to significantly accrete the radioconjugate in liver tumor, and protect normal organs from radiotoxictiy.