Objective To study the transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods 63 cases of prostate puncture,aged 41-85 years,with an average age of 65 included.They were all got transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate puncture by use of the Denmark B-rectal ultrasound probe,with frequency of 5～10 MHz,selection of 18 G Trucnt biopsy needle biopsy and biopsy gun.After the perineum skin puncture of lesions,the method was 6 position puncture in convention.Antibiotic treatment was given in convention after surgery.Results There were 27 cases of prostate cancer,24 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia nodules,9 cases of prostatitis,2 cases of prostate tuberculosis,and one case of prostatic hyperplasia atypical cells.Conclusion Transrectal ultrasound-guided is safe,small trauma,reliable,and less postoperative complications while in biopsy diagnosising of prostate cancer.It is worthy of promotion in clinic.

Objective:To analyze the effects of SBAR(namely situation, background, assessment and recommendation) communication mode-guided scenario simulation exercise on the quality of shift change of practice nurses and the incidence of nursing risks.Methods:From May 2017 to December 2018, 46 nurses interning in the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of Guangyuan Central Hospital were selected as the control group, and received practice guidance according to the conventional shift change mode; 46 nurses were selected as the research group having the SBAR communication mode-guided scenario simulation exercise from January 2019 to June 2020 in the same department. The evaluation results of the quality of nurses' shift change, the evaluation results of the quality of nurses' succession, and the satisfaction of nurses were compared between the two groups. SPSS 22.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The evaluation results of 7 items of nurses' handover quality in the research group were better than those in the control group ( P<0.001). The evaluation results of 6 items of nurses' succession quality in the research group were better than those in the control group ( P<0.001). The scores of 5 dimensions in the research group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The implementation of SBAR communication mode-guided scenario simulation exercise can improve the quality of nurses' shift change and the satisfaction of practice nurses.

Objective The prestin,a motor protein responsible for outer hair cell(OHC)electromotility,is expressed on the OHC surface.Previous experiments revealed that OHC electromotility and its associated nonlinear capacitance was mainly located at the OHC lateral wall and was absent at the apical cuticular plate and the basal nucleus pole.Immunofluorescent staining for prestin failed to demonstrate the prestin expression at the OHC basal ends in whole-mount preparation of the organ of Corti.The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of prestin at OHC.Methods In this experiment,the localization of prestin protein in single dissociated OHCs from cochlea of normal mouse,rat and guinea pig,were examined by immunofluorescent staining and confocal microscopy.Results We found that prestin was uniformly expressed on the OHC basolateral surface,including its basal pole.No staining was observed on the cuticular plate and stereocilia.The OHC lateral wall had a trilaminate organization and was composed of the plasma membrane,cortical lattice,and subsurface cisternae.By with co-staining with a membrane marker di-8-ANEPPS,prestin-labeling was found locating at the outer layer of the OHC lateral wall.Further separating the plasma membrane from the underlying subsurface cisternae,using a hypotonic extracellular solution,prestin-labeling was shown locating at the plasma membrane instead of the subsurface cisternae.Conclusion The data revealed that prestin is expressed in the plasma membrane on the whole OHC basolateral surface.

Objective To investigate the effect of bilateral cervical vagotomy on microglial activation in spinal cord in a rat model of persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR).Methods Thirty six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n =12 each group):group sham operation,group SMIR,and group SMIR + bilateral cervical vagotomy (SV).The rat model of persistent postoperative pain evoked by SMIR was established according to the method described by Flatter.Pain behavior was assessed by paw mechanical withdrawalthreshold (MWT) to yon Frey filament stimulation at 1,3,and 5 days after operation.Four animals were sacrificed at each time point in each group to detect the expression of Iba-I (a specific marker of microglia) in the spinal dorsal horn with immunofluorescence and the microglia was counted.Results MWT was significantly decreased atT1-5 in SMIR and SV (10.3 ±0.6,9.7 ±0.8,9.6 ±0.5; 8.0 ±0.7,7.7 ±0.4,7.6 ± 0.3),while the expression of Iba-1 and microglia counts in the spinal dorsal horn were significantly in-creased at T1-5 in SMIR and SV (1428 ± 134,1245 ± 129,and 1001 ± 117 ;8.0 ± 0.7,7.7 ± 0.4,and 7.6 ±0.3; 187 ± 13,164 ± 11,and 142 ± 14;and 241 ±21,230 ±21,and 202 ± 19).In group SV as compared to group SMIR,MWT was significantly decreased at T1-5,while the expression of Iba-1 and microglia counts in the spinal dorsal horn were significantly increased at T1-5.Conclusions Vagus nerve plays an important role in microglial activation in spinal cord in a rat model of persistent postoperative pain evoked by skin/muscle incision and retraction.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 18FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis and evaluation of node staging for esophageal carcinoma. Methods A prospective study was performed to access whether 18F FDG PET/CT can improve the diagnostic accuracy in lymph node metastasis for patients with esophageal carcinoma, 30 patients underwent esophagectomy with extensive dissection of lymph nodes. PET/CT findings were compared with that of CT. Results The pathological examination confirmed metastasis in 22 patients and 49 out of 243 excised lymph nodes. In PET/CT analysis, the sensitivity in the detection of lymph node metastasis was 93.9%, specificity was 91.2%, with a diagnostic accuracy of 91.8%. The positive and negative predictive value was 73.0% and 98.3%, respectively. CT resulted in a sensitivity of 40.8%, specificity of 96.9%, accuracy of 85.6%, the PPV was 76.9% and NPV 86.6%, respectively. The difference of sensitivity (P

Aim To study effects of morphine tolerance and dependence on the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in sympathetic ganglia of rats.Methods The isolated sympathetic ganglia,superior cervical ganglia(SCG), were made from control and morphine tolerant and dependent rats respectively.Effects of morphine tolerance and dependence on the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in rat sympathetic ganglia were studied by means of intracellular recording technique.Results ① Morphine(0.1～1.0 mmol?L~(-1))reversibly inhibited the amplitude of the fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials(f-EPSPs) in SCG neurons of control rats.② Compared with control group,inhibitory effects of morphine(0.5 mmol?L~(-1) and 1.0 mmol?L~(-1)) on f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of morphine tolerant and dependent rats were obviously decreased;③ Naloxone(0.1 mmol?L~(-1)),which had no significantly effect on f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of control rats,could reversibly facilitate the amplitude of f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of morphine tolerant and dependent rats;④ No significant difference of RMP and Rm was founded between SCG neurons of control and morphine tolerant and dependent rats.Conclusion The morphine tolerant and dependent of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in rat sympathetic ganglia has been formed in morphine tolerant and dependent rats.

Aim To study the effects of chronic morphine treatment on the contents of cAMP and cGMP in sympathetic ganglia,superior cervical ganglia(SCG) of rats.Methods The chronic morphine dependent model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing doses for 5 days,the dependence and the tolerance of the model was estimated by naloxone precipitation test and 55℃ tail-flick trail test respectively.The contents of cAMP and cGMP in SCG were detected by means of 125I radioimmunoassay.Results ① Compared with control group,the content of cAMP in SCG of morphine-acute group rats was descended(P0.05;compared with morphine-acute,P0.05).Conclusion There was an up-regulation of cAMP in sympathetic ganglia of chronic morphine treated rats.

Objective To investigate the effects of chrysin(ChR) on the induction of differentiation and apoptosis-promoting of HepG 2 human primary hepatocacinoma cells. Methods The HepG 2 cells were cultured in vitro, and then treated with ChR and all-trans retinotic Acid (RA), respectively, the alterations of nucleocytoplasm and tubulin arrangement after Gimsa staining and Coomassie brilliant blue staining were observed. The survival rate and the inhibitory rates of HepG 2 cells were determine by trypan blue counting method and MTT assay. The Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) secretory amounts of the cells were detected by radioimmunoassay(RIA). The activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) andγ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GT) were assayed by enzymatic reaction kit. The synthesis of tyrosine-α-ketoglutaric acid transaminase(TAT) in cells were investigated by Diamondstone spectrophotometry. Results After treatment with ChR or RA at 1.0~100μmol/L for 48 h, the proliferation of HepG 2 cells were inhibited significantly, compared with vehicle group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the inhibitory potency of both ChR and RA on HepG 2 cells was equivalent and indicated in dose-dependent manner. After treatment with 10μmol/L ChR or RA for 48 h, HepG 2 cells disaggregated and grew to spindle-shape, their nuclei became smaller and the number of nucleolus were fewer. Furthermore, tubulin arrangement of cells tended to be more ordered and the tubulin synthesis increased significantly. At 24~96 hours treated with 10μmol/L ChR, the activities of TAT and ALP in cells were all increased distinctly (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the secretory amounts of AFP and the specific activities ofγ-GT were decreased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Chrysin can inhibit the proliferation of HepG 2 cells and induce them to differentiate to mature cells.

Objective To explore the optimal timing of termination of pregnancy,we analyzed the different gestational age in repeat cesarean delivery and maternal and neonatal outcomes.Methods This was a retrospective study.The information of cesarean sections was collected from maternal obstetric records in the electronic medical recording system of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from June 1,2011 to June 30,2013,and women with intrauterine viable singleton pregnancies delivered after 37 weeks of gestation without prenatal complications were selected.They were divided into five groups with different gestational weeks.Maternal general information,perioperative outcome and rate of neonatal adverse event were analyzed with one way ANOVA analysis and Chi-square test.Results A total of 579 cases of elective repeat cesarean at term were performed.The ratios of cesarean section prior to 39 and 39-39+6 weeks of gestation were 64.6％ (374/579) and 29.0％ (168/579),respectively.No fetal,neonatal or maternal death occurred.There were no statistically significant differences in the termination of pregnancy at 37-37+6 weeks,38 38+6 weeks,39-39+6 weeks,40 weeks and ≥ 41 weeks between the two time intervals for cesarean section (P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the length of hospitalization [(4.9±3.0),(4.3 ± 1.3),(4.3 ± 1.0),(4.5± 1.2) and (4.0±0.7) d,respectively; F=2.849,P＜0.05].No significant difference was observed in the maternal BMI,placental membrane residue,maternal perioperative bleeding,premature rupture of membrane (PROM),intensive care unit (ICU) admission and uterine resection (P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences among the five groups in neonatal weight [(3 082.9±479.2),(3 318.1 ±390.8),(3 415.7±431.1),(3 630.5±475.2) and (3 334.0±242.5) g,F=13.798] and length [(48.8± 1.5),(49.3± 1.5),(49.6± 1.5),(50.0± 1.5) and (47.8±3.9) cm,F=7.460; both P＜0.05].One min and 5 min Apgar scores also showed statistically significant differences [1 min:(9.7±0.7),(9.8±0.6),(9.8±0.4),(9.7±0.5) and (8.8±2.7) ; F=4.432; 5 min:(9.9±0.3),(10.0±0.3),(10.0±0.2),(10.0±0.2) and (9.2± 1.8),F=9.625; all P＜0.05].The overall rates of neonatal adverse events,including the admission to neonatal intensive care units (NICU),the rates of cardiopulmonary resuscitation or ventilator therapy,asphyxiation,as well as the length of stay in NICU ≥ 5 d among the five groups also showed statistically significant differences [overall:5.4％ (5/93),1.8％ (5/281),0.6％ (1/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 2/5,x2=16.812;NICU:3.2％ (3/93),1.1％ (3/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 1/5; x2=1 1.294; cardiopulmonary resuscitation or ventilator therapy:2.2％ (2/93),0.7％ (2/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％(0/32) and 1/5,x2=10.584; asphyxiation:1.1％ (1/93),0.7％ (2/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 1/5,x2=9.637; NICU ≥ 5 d:3.2％ (3/93),1.1％ (3/281),0.0％ (0/168),0.0％ (0/32) and 1/5,x2=1 1.294; P＜0.05].The risks of neonatal adverse outcomes in delivery at 37-38+6 weeks were:OR=1.1(95％CI:1.0-2.1) at 37 37+6 weeks,OR=1.3 (95％CI:0.9-1.9) at 38-38+6 weeks,compared with delivery at 39-39+6 weeks.Conclnsions The percentage of repeat cesarean delivery prior to 39 weeks of gestation is high in our hospital,early termination of pregnancy would not reduce the maternal perioperative adverse outcome,but may increase the risk of neonatal adverse events.Taking into account the maternal benefit,we suggest 39 39+6 weeks of gestation as the best time of elective repeat cesarean in order to reduce the risk of neonatal adverse events.

Objective To explore the regulatory roles of butorphanol on isolated rabbit pulmonary arteries by lipopolysaccharide(LPS)pre-incubation and assay the protective effect of ketamine on clinic sep tic shock patients.Methods Vascular ring tension detection technique was applied to observe the effect of butorphanol on the normal or lipopolysaccharide incubated pulmonaryvascular.Results In normal group, the final concentration of butorphanol(0.1 μmol,1μmol,10μmol,100μmol)were used to make pretreat ment- phenylephrine(PE)pulmonary artery relaxation.In LPS group,the effect of vasodilation of butor phanol was enhanced.Conclusions LPS can enhance the effect of butorphanol on pulmonary artery relaxa tion reaction.And the direct effect of butorphanol on pulmonary arteries was vasodilation.