Objective To investigate the pulmonary morphologic changes and pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A) mRNA expression in fetal rats with maternal intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).Methods Animal models of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy were induced by 17-α-ethinylestradiol and progesterone.Histopathologic examination of the fetal lungs was performed under light and electronic microscopes.The expression of SP-A mRNA in the fetal lungs was measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique.Results (1) Compared with the control group,histopathologic examination showed that fetal pulmonary tissues had dilated and congested interstitial lung capillaries,thickened alveolar septum,mild focal inflammatory exudation and focal hemorrhage in alveolus.Furthermore,reduced microvilli,mitochondrion vacuolization,cytoplasm disintegration and increased lamellar body evacuation were observed in alveolar epithelial cell II in ICP group under light and electronic microscopes.(2) Expression of SP-A mRNA in fetal lungs of ICP group (0.71 + 0.10) was significantly lower than that in control group (1.00±0.27),t=3.093,P＜0.05.Conclusions Hyperbileacidemia in ICP maternal rat might lead to pathological changes in fetal pulmonary tissues.Low expression of SP-A mRNA might contribute to lesions of fetal lung with ICP.

Objective To investigate the influence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) on the pulmonary morphologic changes of fetal rats.Methods Twenty pregnant SD rats at 15 days of gestations were randomly divided into ICP and control group.Rats in the ICP group were subcutaneously injected with 17-α-ethinylestradiol and progesterone for 5 consecutive days to establish the rat ICP model, and those of the control group received subcutaneous injection of sirasimeyu also for 5 days.The levels of serum alanine aminotransferases (ALT), aspartate transamlnase (AST), and total bile salt (TBA) were measured before and after the treatment, respectively.Maternal rats were sacrificed on 21 days of gestations and hysterotomies were performed immediately.Histopathologic changes of mammal rats' livers and fetal lungs were observed under light and electron microscopes.Results (1) The maternal serum levels of ALT, AST, and TBA showed no significant difference between the ICP and control group [ALT: (55 ± 15) vs (49 ±12) U/L; AST:(146±16)vs (145±20) U/L; TBA: (13±4) vs (14 ±4) μmol/L, P>0.05, respectively]before the ICP models were established, but higher levels were shown in the ICP group after [ALT: (94±12) vs (59±17) U/L; AST: (245±26) vs (163±27) U/L; TBA: (44±16) vs (17± 3) μmol/L, P <0.05, respectively].(2) The livers of maternal rats' in the ICP group were gloomy with blurred margins, however those of the control group were normal.Microscopic observed swollen and degenerated hepatocytes with narrowed hepatic sinusoid, dilated bile duct and necrosis of hepatocytes occasionally in the ICP group, while the morphology of hepatocytes and structures of lobuli hepatis in the control group were normal.(3) The fetal pulmonary tissues in the ICP group were dark, and normal in the control group.Histopathologic examination showed matured fetal pulmonary tissues with dilated and congested interstitial lung capillaries, thickened alveolar septum, mild focal inflammatory exudation and focal hemorrhage in alveolus.Furthermore, reduced microvilli, mitochondrion vacuolization, cytoplasm disintegration and increased lamellar body evacuation were observed in type Ⅱ pneumonocytes in ICP group under light and electron microscopes.While fetal pulmonary tissues of the control group did not show any significant lesions.Conclusions Rat model of ICP can be established with the combination of estrogen and progestin.Hyperbileacidemia in ICP rat may lead to pathological changes in fetal pulmonary tissues.

To cultivate more excellent pharmacists, ensuring patients rational drug use, standardiza-tion training of hospital pharmacists in Beijing has been carried out since 2000, and the wonderful effect has been achieved. The teaching methods mainly include centralized training model, small lectures, practice teaching and self-study. The training teaching content mainly includes prescription audit, drug dispensing and management as well as the pharmaceutical care. In this paper, based on the analysis of the status quo, it is recommended that detailed training formulate, teaching methods and content of the second stage of the training about the training management policy, and the clinicians teaching should be added to the contents of teaching. The thought moral qualities, laws and regula tions, as well as academic and research training should also be added to the teaching content.

Objective To study CT feature of hypoxic-ischemic encephapathy in neonates and its value in predicting prognosis.Methods CT scanning was performed in 62 cases with HIE.CT feafure were analyzed.Results Of 62 cases during their neonatal period,brain edema was seen in 38 the lower density's lesions of subcortical with matter in 42,cerebral hemorrhage in 8,subarachnoid space hemorrhage in 16,SDH in 4,and intraventricular hemorrhage in 2.Of 8 cases during their infants period CT scanning at 6,12 months,dilaled ventricle was seen in 6,increased extracerebral space in 8,and periventricalar leukomalacia in 2.Conclusion CT scaning is helpful for evaluating brain injury and predicting prognosis in neonates with HIE.

Objective To analysis the effect of metformin on the expression of heat shock protein and VEGF in 5637 cell line of bladder cancer. Methods 5637 cell line of bladder cancer were selected, divided into blank control group, metformin 2 mM group, 5 mM group, 10 mM group and 20 mM group, 5637 cell line of bladder cancer were treated in each group.The cell proliferation inhibition rate was detected by MTT colorimetric assay, cell clone formation rate was detected by plate clone formation test, flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle change, the expression levels of HSP-70, HSP-90α, VEGF were detected by Western blot method.Results Compared with control group, the inhibition rate of 5637 cell line of bladder cancer after 24, 48, 72 h were higher in all concentrations of metformin group(P<0.05), the higher the concentration and the longer the action time, the stronger inhibitory effect on cell proliferation.Compared with control group, the clone formation rate of 5637 cell line of bladder cancer in all concentrations of metformin group was lower, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with control group, the proportion of G1 phase cells were higher, the proportion of S phase cells were lower in in all concentrations of metformin group (P<0.05), the proportion of G2 phase cells in metformin 2 mM group, 5 mM group were lower(P<0.05).Compared with control group, the expression levels of HSP-70, HSP-90α, VEGF protein were lower in all concentrations of metformin group, the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Metformin has obvious inhibitory effects on the expression of HSP-70, HSP-90α, VEGF in 5637 cell line of bladder cancer, can inhibit cell proliferation and cloning, promote the occurrence of G1 block, cause cell apoptosis, the effect was dose dependent.

: Objective To observe the effects of YQHXFF on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2） in the rabbits with hyperlipidemia after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Methods 28 male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into the control group, the model group and the YQHXFF intervention group. The models of restenosis were established with injuring carotid arteries in cholesterolfied rabbits. After 8 weeks, MMP-2 were measured with reverse transcription polymerize chain reaction (RT-PCR) and pathologic alter were observed with HE staining. Results The expression of MMP-2 mRNA in injured artery were much higher in the model group. Compared with those in the model group, the expression of MMP-2 in the YQHXFF intervention group markedly decreased and intimal hyperplasia markedly lighten. Conclusion YQHXFF can inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and lighten the intimal hyperplasia after PTCA.

Objective To explore the relationship between responsibility and social adaptation of the left-behind middle school students and to provide evidence for mental health education of left-behind children.Methods 290 left-behind middle school students were selected by cluster-random-sampling.All of them were assessed by the middle school students' social adaptability scale (SAS-SSS),the inventory of parent and peer attachment (IPPA) and the scale of high school students' responsibility.Results The correlation between responsibility,attachment behavior and social adaptation of left-behind middle school students were significant(r=0.39,r=0.56,P＜0.01).There were significant differences between gender on the responsibility(male(202.64±26.78) vs female(212.67±23.24)).Regression analysis showed that mother attachment,overall responsibility,general responsibility and special fault responsibility could predict the social adaptation(P＜0.05).Responsibility and its factors played a mediating role between attachment and adaptation,taking 52.1％,20.1％,30.8％,9.1％,47.9％,40.7％ proportion of the total effect.Conclusion Responsibility is an important factor affecting the social adaptation of left-behind middle school students.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of hair removal in different areas with Lightsheer Duet diode laser and to compare clinical effect and safety in axillae hair removal between the two models,high-speed and standard model.Methods Lightsheer Duet diode laser was used to remove hairs from different areas in 200 cases,for 4-8 weeks treatment 1 time,4 times for 1course.The curative effect and adverse reaction were observed after the treatment.Thirty axillae hair removal subjects were chosen randamly and received treatments using the different models,high-speed hand piece on one side and the standard hand piece on the other side.Hair removal efficiency and the immediate pain were compared and evulated on each subject.Results The hair was significantly reduced after 4 times treatments in 200 cases.The total effective rate was 95.54 ％ and positively related with the treatment times.Pigmentation was found in 3 cases,but it disappeared after 1-3 months.The total effective rate was 100 ％ after the 3 times treatments in axillae hair removal subjects both using the high-speed model or the standard model in 30 cases.There was no statistical difference between the two models except less pain in the high-speed model.Conclusions Lightsheer Duet diode laser is a safe and efficient method in hair removal.The high-speed model has more advantage on speed and causing pain.

Objective To investigate the role of erythrocyte complement receptor type 1 (CR1) in the pathogenesis of chronic urticaria.Methods Venous blood samples were collected from 59 patients with chronic urticaria (including 14 cases of dermatographism and 45 chronic idiopathic urticaria) and 29 healthy human controls.Flow cytometry was carried out to quantify the expression level of CR1,and double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the serum level of immunoglobulin E (IgE),complement C3,C4 and 50％ complement hemolytic activity (CH50).Differences in these parameters were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and independent samples t-test,and correlation between these paramenters by Pearson correlation analysis.Results The expression level (expressed as mean fluorescence intensity per 10 000 erythrocytes) of CR1 was significantly higher in patients with dermatographism and chronic idiopathic urticaria than in the healthy controls (35.06 ± 2.06 and 29.17 ± 1.53 vs.20.46 ± 2.57,t =4.20 and 3.33,both P ＜ 0.05),while no statistical difference was observed between the patients with dermatographism and chronic idiopathic urticaria (P ＞ 0.05).Increased total serum IgE levels were observed in patients with dermatographism and chronic idiopathic urticaria compared with the healthy controls ((769.89 ± 123.0) μg/L and (340.09 ± 29.74) μg/L vs.(107.63 ± 88.79) μg/L,t =5.58,5.85,both P ＜ 0.05),and in patients with dermatographism compared with those with chronic idiopathic urticaria (t =3.49,P ＜ 0.05).For patients with chronic urticaria,there was a statistical difference in the expression level of CR1 between individuals (n=22) with total serum IgE levels ranging from 0 to 240 μg/L and those (n =17) higher than 500 μg/L (24.45 ± 10.83 vs.33.09 ± 11.86,t =3.33,P＜ 0.05).The total serum IgE levels were positively correlated with the level of CR1 (r =0.27,P ＜ 0.05),but uncorrelated with that of complement C3 (r =0.16,P ＞ 0.05) or C4 (r =-0.08,P＞ 0.05).The level of complement C3 was positively correlated with that of C4 (r =0.54,P ＜ 0.01).One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference in the serum levels of complement C3,C4,or CH50 between the patients with dermatographism,patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria and healthy controls (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion CR1 is abnormally expressed in patients with chronic urticaria.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of and gene mutations in a Chinese Han pedigree with piebaldism. Methods Clinical data were collected with informed consent from a pedigree with piebaldism, processed and documented. A clinical genetic analysis was conducted and pedigree chart was drawn. Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 14 patients and 40 unaffected individuals in the family as well as 50 unrelated human controls, and subjected to the amplification of 21 exons and flanking sequences of the KIT gene by PCR. Sequence analysis was performed by Mutation SurveyorTM. Results There were 73 members in the family, and of them, 14 were diagnosed with piebaldism according to typical clinical features. Piebaldism was inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern in this family. A heterozygous 4-base insertion mutation 1900insATGA in exon 13 of KIT gene was identified in all the 14 affected family members, which resulted in a frame-shift mutation at codon 634 and produced a premature translation termination codon. This mutation was undetected in either the unaffected family members or unrelated controls. Up to the time of this writing, this mutation had not been previously reported. Conclusion The novel mutation 1900insATGA in the KIT gene may be the cause of clinical phenotype of piebaldism in the family.