BACKGROUND: The death of aging cells is virtually apoptosis. To a certain extent, it can be interpreted as a series of results of gere activities.Therefore, the inhibition of oncogene's expression can lengthen the life span of cells and delay aging of brain tissues.OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of abstragulus mongholicus bung (AMB) on apoptosis of nerve cells and the expression of relevant gene in aging mice brain.DESIGN: Completely randomized design and controlled experiment.SETTING: Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Jiamusi University.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Animal Center and Biochemical Laboratory of Jiamusi University from December 2003 to May 2004. Totally 24 healthy Kunming mice were recruited in this study. There were 8 two-month-old mice (young group) and 16 twelve-month-old mice. All the 16 mice were randomized into abstragulus mongholicus bung group and old control group with 8 in each group.METHODS:① AMB group:Mice in AMB group received gastric gavage was provided by the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the First Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University, and evaluated by Jiamusi Drug Inspection Bureau. Water decoction was prepared with 2 kg/L raw materials. Mice in old control group and young group were filled with lukewarm boiled water.② All the animals were treated as above for 30 consecutive days before put to death. Their brains were taken out immediately and the middle parts of the brains were removed to fix with neutral formaldehyde. The remaining brain tissues were made into mitochondria suspension. Content of manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined with xanthosine oxidase method and TBA chemical colorimetry. Apoptotic cells (cells with yellow nuclei were positive ones) were assayed with in situ end-labeling (ISEL) and expression of bcl-2 gene was assayed with immunohistochemical method. The cells stained brown were positive ones. A total of 400 cells were counted under the 400× microscope. We graded the samples according to the percentage of the positive cells: the number of positive cells ＜ 5% -; 5%-10％ +; 11％-50％ ++; ＞ 51％ ().③ Grade and quantitative data were compared with rank sum test and t-test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Effects of AMB on the rate of neu-ronal apoptosis, the activity of Mn-SOD, the concentration of MDA in mitochondria, and the intensity of the expression of bcl-2 gene.RESULTS: Totally 24 mice entered the final analysis.① Content of MnSOD was higher in young group and AMB group than in old control group (P＜0.05).② Concentration of MDA and apoptotic rate in young group and AMB group were lower than those in old control group (P ＜ 0.01).③Expression of bcl-2 gene was significantly different in young group and AMB group from that in old control group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: AMB is found to be able to obviously inhibit neuronal apoptosis in aging mice brain by affecting the activity of Mn-SOD, the concentration of MDA and the expression of bcl-2.

Objective To explore the relationship between responsibility and social adaptation of the left-behind middle school students and to provide evidence for mental health education of left-behind children.Methods 290 left-behind middle school students were selected by cluster-random-sampling.All of them were assessed by the middle school students' social adaptability scale (SAS-SSS),the inventory of parent and peer attachment (IPPA) and the scale of high school students' responsibility.Results The correlation between responsibility,attachment behavior and social adaptation of left-behind middle school students were significant(r=0.39,r=0.56,P＜0.01).There were significant differences between gender on the responsibility(male(202.64±26.78) vs female(212.67±23.24)).Regression analysis showed that mother attachment,overall responsibility,general responsibility and special fault responsibility could predict the social adaptation(P＜0.05).Responsibility and its factors played a mediating role between attachment and adaptation,taking 52.1％,20.1％,30.8％,9.1％,47.9％,40.7％ proportion of the total effect.Conclusion Responsibility is an important factor affecting the social adaptation of left-behind middle school students.

Objective To investigate the effects of anterior cervical decompression and implanting bone fusion with plate internal fixation under microscope on cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Methods 64 patients were performed anterior cervical decompression and implanting bone fusion with plate internal fixation under microscope. They were assessed with the assessment of Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA), imageologic and clinical finding 6 months after operation. Results The score of JOA improved from (9.1±2.4) pre-operation to (13.5±3.1) post-operation. Imageologic and clinical features showed satisfactory outcome. Conclusion Most patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy can achieve satisfied prognosis by decompression through anterior approach; microsurgery.

Objective To determine the effect of different serum insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-1)levels on mouse cancer.Methods A total of 120 male mice at 6 weeks of age(60 control mice and 60 LID mice)were subcutaneously injected colon tumor CT26 cell line.Each group was random divided into two subgroups respectively,every 10 mice of one subgroup were injected subcutaneously with growth hormone(GH)(1ms/kg)daily from the 10th,14th and18th days respectively until the 22nd days,and the other subgroup received saline injection.Results All mice treated with GH have higher level of IGF-1,compared with those treated with saline.High level of IGF-1 promoted the development of cachexia in these mice treated with GH from the 10th days.However,the level of IGF-1 has negative correlation with the cancer cachexia state for mice treated with GH from the 14th days.Conclusion Circulating IGF-1 and GH play an important role in tumor growth 4nd cachexia development in the early stage of cancer and can ameliorate the state of cachexia in the advanced stage.

Objective To investigate the interpersonal disturbances and its related factors among college students.Methods The field questionnaire survey was conducted among 730 college students with stratified-cluster sampling method in Zhengzhou University.The self-administered anonymous survey instruments included the Interpersonal Relationships Integrated Diagnosis Questionnaire,Parental Bonding Instrument questionnaire,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.Results ①Detection rate of interpersonal relationship disturbance was 47.8％ in 730 college students.Severe interpersonal disturbances accounted for 16.3％.The most serious problem was communication and making friends disturbance which accounted for 58.5％ of the total.②)There were statistical differences of conversation scores ((2.15± 1.66),(2.53± 1.83),(2.22± 1.79)) among different major college students (medical,engineering,liberal arts) (P＜0.05).A statistical difference was found in making friends((2.76±1.89),(3.18± 1.92)) and getting along with opposite gender ((2.23 ± 1.82),(1.81 ± 1.66)) between male and female (P＜ 0.05).There were significant differences of conversation ((2.58 ± 1.84),(2.02 ± 1.65)),making friends ((3.28 ± 1.93),(2.78 ±1.88)) and getting along with opposite gender ((2.16± 1.75),(1.77± 1.69)) between grade one and three students(P＜0.05).③The interpersonal disturbances were significantly related to parental bonding styles,anxiety and sleep quality.④The results of logistic regression showed that anxiety was the main risk factor (B =1.42,OR=4.4,95％ CI =1.74-9.86,P＜0.01) and maternal parenting style and sleep quality were protective factors(P＜0.01)of interpersonal disturbances.Conclusion The interpersonal disturbance,which are severe and affected by multiple factors in college students,should be paid attention by school,society and family to improve their learning and growing environment in order to promote their physical and mental health.

ObjectiveTo screen hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) using FibroScan (FS). MethodsLiver biopsy was done for all the 125 patients who were admitted to our hospitals from November 2012 to November 2013, and FS was performed for the liver stiffness measurement (LSM). Using the pathological inflammation grade from liver biopsy as a classification standard and G1 group as a control, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted and the cut-off value was determined. Comparison of continuous data between multiple groups was made by Kruskal-Wallis H test, and comparison between two groups was made by Bonferroni test. ResultsThe LSM of HBV-infected patients with the same stage of liver fibrosis was found to increase with the progression of liver inflammation; there were significant differences in LSM between groups with different grades of inflammation in each stage of liver fibrosis (S0-S2) (P＜0.05), but no such differences were found between patients with inflammation grades G0 and G1 (P＞0.05). For≥G2 liver inflammation, the area under the ROC curve of FS was 0.784, and the cut-off value determined by the ROC curve was 8.64 kPa, with 78.6% sensitivity and 69.2% specificity. ConclusionFor HBV-infected patients with normal ALT, FS should be performed to decide whether further examination and treatment are needed. For patients with LSM≥8.64 kPa, liver biopsy should be performed; while for those with LSM ＜8.64 kPa, regular examination is recommended.

Objective To observe the effects of rehabilitation exercises on limb function of patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) after artificial intervertebral disc replacement.Methods 42 CSM patients undergone anterior cervical decompression and Bryan disc prosthesis under microscope were randomly divided into the normal care group (n=20) and rehabilitation exercises group (n=22). All patients of two groups were assessed by JOA scale at 2nd week and 6th month after operation.Results The JOA scores of two groups at 6th month were all higher than that at 2nd week and scores of the rehabilitation exercises group were also higher than that of the normal care group ( P<0.01).Conclusion Rehabilitation exercises after artificial intervertebral disc replacement can improve spine cord function of CSM patient.

Objective To evaluate the reporting item quality of randomized controlled trials of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods The terms including Chinese medicine, Chinese herbal medicine, randomized controlled trials, and non-small cell lung cancer were searched in Chinese and English databases by computer systems to collect relevant literatures. Based on the CONSORT 2010 (consolidated standards of reporting trials 2010), the reporting item quality of the abstracts and main text in eligible papers was evaluated. Results Ninety-five eligible studies were identified from 692 potential eligible articles. None reported all of abstract and main text items in CONSORT 2010. Only 4.12％could be identified as the randomized trial in the title. More than 40％of reports showed the scientific background or rationale in the abstract but not in the main text. Three (3.16％) eligible reports defined the primary or secondary outcome measures. None reported complete information of subjects throughout the clinical trial process. Results A total of 95 eligible papers were collected, of which 0 papers reported complete abstracts and text entries according to the CONSORT. The titles of 4.12％papers were identified as randomized trials. More than 40％of the papers only reported the study purpose or hypothesis in the abstract. 3.16％of the papers reported primary and secondary efficacy index entries, and 0 papers reported complete information of subjects from enrollment to included data analysis sets. Conclusion There is a serious problem of items shortage in the literatures of randomized controlled clinical trials on Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The randomized controlled clinical trials of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer should be reported based on the CONSORT to improve the quality of trials.

Objective To explore the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for evaluating T3 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 733 patients diagnosed with T3 ESCC by preoperative EUS who were admitted to the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2003 to December 2015 were collected.All the patients underwent radical resection of ESCC.The postoperative pathological stage as a gold standard,the accuracy,overstaged and understaged rates of clinical staging by preoperative EUS were assessed.Observation indicators:(1) comparison between clinical T staging evaluated by preoperative EUS and postoperative pathological T staging;(2) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect patients' diseases and postoperative survival up to December 30,2016.Overall survival time was from operation time to death or last effective follow-up.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range).Count data were represented as cases and percentage.The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and survival analysis was done using the Log-rank test.Results (1) Comparison between clinical T staging evaluated by preoperative EUS and postoperative pathological T staging:all the 733 patients were confirmed as T3 ESCC by preoperative EUS.Postoperative pathological diagnosis showed that 9 patients were detected in pT1b,87 in pT2,630 in pT3 and 7 in pT4a.The accuracy,overstaged and understaged rates of preoperative EUS in evaluating T3 ESCC were 85.95％(630/733),13.10％(96/733) and 0.95％(7/733),respectively.N0,N1,N2 and N3 of postoperative pathological N stage were respectively detected in 329,247,110 and 47 patients.Twenty-seven,323 and 383 patients were in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ of TNM stage,respectively.The high-,moderate-and lowdifferentiated tumors were respectively detected in 125,403 and 205 patients.(2) Follow-up and survival situations:among 733 patients,639 were followed up for 1.0-153.0 months,with a median time of 29.0 months.The median survival time,1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates were 53.0 months (range,37.7-68.3 months),85.3％,58.1％ and 48.2％ in 733 patients,respectively.The 5-year overall survival rate was 75.2％ in 9 patients with pT1b,63.0％ in 87 patients with pT2,46.3％ in 630 patients with pT3 and 0 in 7 patients with pT4a,respectively,with a statistically significant difference (x2=24.089,P＜0.05).Conclusion There is a higher accuracy of EUS for evaluating T3 ESCC,however,the stage migration should be noted.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation for fetal reduction in monochorionic twin pregnancies at gestational age over 26 weeks. Methods: A retrospective study was performed based on the clinical data of 51 patients who underwent fetal reduction by radiofrequency ablation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from May 2013 to July 2018. Clinical data including basic information, surgical data (such as ablation duration, power and the number of cycles), perinatal complications and pregnancy outcomes were collected. Differences in pregnancy outcomes were compared between the group with gestational age >26 weeks (n=17, group A) and that ≤26 weeks (n=34, group B) using t-test, rank-sum test and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Results: (1) The indications of fetal reduction were malformation in one of the twins, twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome, twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence and selective intrauterine growth restriction [45.1% (23/51), 15.7% (8/51), 19.6% (10/51) and 19.6% (10/51)]. The differences in the proportion of different indications between group A and B were statistically significant [12/17, 1/17, 0/17, 4/17 vs 32.4% (11/34), 20.6% (7/34), 29.4% (10/34), 17.7% (6/34), P=0.009]. Those in the group A required longer operation duration than the group B [M(min-max), 20(7-40) vs 15(3-29) min, Z=2.550, P=0.011]. (2) The gestational age of the 51 patients was (23.7±4.7) weeks (15⁺¹-32⁺⁶ weeks), the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses was 86.3% (44/51) and the preterm birth rate was 50.0% (22/44). The gestational age at operation was (28.9±2.5) weeks (26⁺¹-32⁺⁶ week) in group A and (21.1±3.1) weeks (15⁺¹-25⁺² weeks) in group B. The survival rate of the remaining fetuses and the preterm birth rate in group A were significantly higher than those in group B [17/17 vs 79.4% (27/34), P=0.046; 12/17 vs 37.0% (10/27), χ²=4.697, P=0.030]. Conclusions Fetal reduction at gestational age >26 weeks, of which the main surgical indication is malformation in one of the twins, may increase the risk of preterm birth, but can improve the overall survival rate of the remaining fetuses without increasing the maternal and infant morbidity. Therefore, radiofrequency ablation is a safe and effective procedure for twin pregnancies >26 weeks of gestation.