Aim To study the effects of chronic morphine treatment on the contents of cAMP and cGMP in sympathetic ganglia,superior cervical ganglia(SCG) of rats.Methods The chronic morphine dependent model of rats was established by subcutaneous injection of morphine in gradually increasing doses for 5 days,the dependence and the tolerance of the model was estimated by naloxone precipitation test and 55℃ tail-flick trail test respectively.The contents of cAMP and cGMP in SCG were detected by means of 125I radioimmunoassay.Results ① Compared with control group,the content of cAMP in SCG of morphine-acute group rats was descended(P0.05;compared with morphine-acute,P0.05).Conclusion There was an up-regulation of cAMP in sympathetic ganglia of chronic morphine treated rats.

Aim To study effects of morphine tolerance and dependence on the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in sympathetic ganglia of rats.Methods The isolated sympathetic ganglia,superior cervical ganglia(SCG), were made from control and morphine tolerant and dependent rats respectively.Effects of morphine tolerance and dependence on the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in rat sympathetic ganglia were studied by means of intracellular recording technique.Results ① Morphine(0.1～1.0 mmol?L~(-1))reversibly inhibited the amplitude of the fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials(f-EPSPs) in SCG neurons of control rats.② Compared with control group,inhibitory effects of morphine(0.5 mmol?L~(-1) and 1.0 mmol?L~(-1)) on f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of morphine tolerant and dependent rats were obviously decreased;③ Naloxone(0.1 mmol?L~(-1)),which had no significantly effect on f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of control rats,could reversibly facilitate the amplitude of f-EPSPs in SCG neurons of morphine tolerant and dependent rats;④ No significant difference of RMP and Rm was founded between SCG neurons of control and morphine tolerant and dependent rats.Conclusion The morphine tolerant and dependent of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in rat sympathetic ganglia has been formed in morphine tolerant and dependent rats.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of difusion weighted imaging in brain ischemic stroke and to summarize the MR appearances and characteristics of the false negative and false positive cases.Methods 225 cases which were highly suspected of brain ischemic stroke were studied prospectively.The final diagnosis of the cases were verified by following up examination or pathology.The diagnostic value were calculated.Results The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of ischemic stroke were 93.55% and 100% at superacute stage(

AIM: To study the effects of Huoxue Huayu and Yiqi Wenyang compound prescription (composition; ginseng, radix astragali, plantaginis semen, lignum sappan, chuanxiong, salvia miltiorrhiza, radix aconiti lateralis preparata, bitter orange, cassia twig) of TCM on the congestive heart failure in rats. METHODS:The rats were given doxorubicin hydrochloride by intraperitoneal injection to establish the model of congestive heart failure and were randomly divided into control group, congestive heart failure model group, Xinbao treatment group ( XB treatment) and Huoxue Huayu and Yiqi Wenyang compound prescription treatment group (QXYTM treatment). Normal saline, liquid medicine Xinbao and liquid medicine Huoxue Huayu and Yiqi Wenyang compound prescription were administered respectively to four groups by gavage. Radioimmunoassay, semi - quantitative RT - PCR and flow cytometry methods were used to determine the expressions of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide ( ANP) , renal medulla aquaporin - 2 ( AQP2 ) and heat shock protein70 (HSP70) in congestive heart failure rats before and after treatment. RESULTS: In congestive heart failure rats treated with Huoxue Huayu and Yiqi Wenyang compound prescription, the cardiac output and left ventricle systolic pressure increased significantly, the left ventricular end diastolic pressure decreased, and the maximum ascending and declining rate of left ventricular pressure ameliorated, thus the hemodynamics was effectively improved. Meanwhile, the level of plasma cardionatrin decreased, the abnormal expression of renal medulla AQP2 was markedly restored, and the transcription and expression of HSP70 gene were also increased. CONCLUSION: Huoxue Huayu and Yiqi Wenyang compound prescription promotes the recovery of the pathogenetic conditions of congestive heart failure in rare. The mechanism may be in association with a decrease in plasma ANP level, correction of renal medulla AQP2 abnormal expression and enhancement of HSP70 expression.

Objective To analyze the injury causes and types in the inpatients first discharged from the Department of Orthopedic Trauma,Nanfang Hospital after treatment of injury from 2013 to 2017.Methods An epidemiological survey was conducted on the inpatients first discharged from the Department of Orthopedic Trauma,Nanfang Hospital after injury treatment from January 2013 to December 2017.Their data were extracted by information system IBM SPSS 23.0 for analyses of their gender,regional origin,distribution of injury causes and types.Results From 2013 to 2017,a total of 6,736 inpatients were first discharged after treatment of injury.The total ratio of male to female was 2.71∶ 1.Although the male to female ratios were significantly different between different years (x2 =10.755,P =0.029),the proportions of males were all over 70％.Although the distribution of regional origins of the patients was significantly different between different years (x2 =86.193,P ＜ 0.001),the patients mostly came from the regions outside the administrative district where Nanfang Hospital was located,especially those from the provinces other than Guangdong.The major external cause of injury was falling,followed by exposure to inanimate mechanical violence.There were differences in external cause of injury between different age groups.Wrist and hand injury,knee and lower leg injury,shoulder and upper arm injury were the top three sorts of injury for hospitalization.Wrist and hand injury was mainly found in the age group from 20 to 29 years old,knee and lower leg injury mostly in the age group from 30 to 39 years old,and shoulder and upper arm injury mainly in the age group younger than 10 years old,hip and thigh injury mostly in the age group older than 70 years old.Conclusions Falling was the major external cause of injury;injury predominated in males;the majority of the patients came from the regions outside the administrative district where Nanfang Hospital was located;wrist and hand injury were more common in young people while hip and thigh injury more common in the elderly.

The aim of this paper is to reveal the change of the brain function for nicotine addicts after smoking cessation, and explore the basis of neural physiology for the nicotine addicts in the process of smoking cessation. Fourteen subjects, who have a strong dependence on nicotine, have agreed to give up smoking and insist on completing the test, and 11 volunteers were recruited as the controls. The resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging and the regional homogeneity (ReHo) algorithm have been used to study the neural activity before and after smoking cessation. A two factors mixed design was used to investigate within-group effects and between-group effects. After 2 weeks' smoking cessation, the increased ReHo value were exhibited in the brain area of supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule, calcarine, cuneus and lingual gyrus. It suggested that the synchronization of neural activity was enhanced in these brain areas. And between-group interaction effects were appeared in supplementary motor area, paracentral lobule, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, and superior frontal gyrus. The results indicate that the brain function in supplementary motor area of smoking addicts would be enhanced significantly after 2 weeks' smoking cessation.