ObjectiveTo observe the effect of nimodipine on hippocampal DNA-binding activity change of cAMP response element binding protein ( CREB )and CCAAT enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) in a rat model of vascular dementia(VD),and to explore the treatment mechanism of nimodipine.Methods66 healthy adult male SD rats were assigned to the following three groups of 22 each:VD model group,Sham-operated group,Nimodipine group.VD rat model was prepared by four-vessel occlusion.Physiological saline solution( 8 ml · kg-1 · d-1 )and Nimodipine (20 mg· kg-1 · d-1 )were administered by gavage respectively.The Morris maze was adopted to detect the changes of spatial learning and memorizing capacity,while HE straining was adopted to observe the changes of pathological characteristics in hippocampal CA1 area,and electrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA) were adopted to observe DNA-binding activity changes of CREB and C/EBP in hippocampus tissue.ResultsThe Morris maze showed:the learning and memory ability of nimodipine group rats ( escape latency period ( 26.63 ± 1.31 )s,the times of cross-platform(7.25 ±0.92) times) was higher than that of VD model group(escape latency period (41.25 ± 1.83 ) s,the times of cross-platform ( 5.33 ± 0.64 ) times ),with difference of statistical significance (P ＜0.05).HE results:in VD model group,neurons in CA1 were scaltered and boundaries were unclear,nuclei region was stained,coagulation necrosis appeared,obviously cells lost.The CA1 neurons of nimodipine group returned to be normal,nuclear membrane's profile and nudeolus were clear,regularly arranged; the number of hippocampal normal neurons in nimodipine group (43.19 ± 2.87 ) was more than that of VD model group( 16.33 ± 1.09 ),with difference of statistical significance(P＜0.05 ).EMSA:both CREB and C/EBP DNA-binding activity in rat hippocampus of nimodipine group ( ( 369.75 ± 13.22 ),( 428.25 ± 17.69 ) respectively ) were higher than those of VD model group ( ( 142.25 ± 27.86 ),(97.00 ± 5.88 ),respectively),with difference of statistical significance (P ＜0.01 )).ConclusionNimodipine can improve VD rats hippocampal neuronal injuries and their learning and memory impairment may be involved in the upregulating CREB and C/EBP DNA-binding activity.

Objective The aim of the study is to discuss the application value of HA330-Ⅱ microporous resin plasma adsorption in liver support and the treatment of complications of chronic severe hepatitis.Methods The treatment group has 41 patients of chronic severe hepatitis B,which were treated for 3 times by HA330-Ⅱ microporous resin plasma adsorption.We compared the improvement of symptom,the fadeamay and rebound of icterus,the change of hepatic encepllalOpathy and brain oedema,the change of blood routine test,blood ammonia level,blood-gas analyzing result,cruor index,inflammatory factors(IL-1b,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α,etc.),side effects,etc.The control group has 37 patients of the same type.Results HA330-Ⅱ microporous resin plasma adsorptioin is partly effective for the improvement of symptom,improvernent rate 43.9%,and without new discomfort due to the treatment. It obtains some extent fadeaway of icterus which has a low rebound,reduce TBiL(17.83±3.65)% and there be no statistics difference of rebound.It lowers the blood ammonia level and improves the hepatic encephalopathy and brain oedema.It absorbs cytokine IL-8.Atthough it has some extent effect to albunfin,blood paltelet,haemoglobin.Conclusion HA330-Ⅱ microporous resin plasma adsorption has good application value in the treatment of chronic severe hepatitis B.It is a new treatment choice of severe hepatitis.

Objective To observe the expression of caspase-3 on the trehalose as cryoprotectant for preserving aortic valve homograft in liquid nitrogen.Methods The aortic valve homograft was divided into 5groups,namely:0.1 mol/L DMSO(control group),0.1 mol/L trehalose(experimental group 1),0.1 mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO(experimental group 2),0.2 mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO(experimental group 3),0.3 mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO(experimental group4).At the time of 12 months,15 months and 18 months when preserved in liquid nitrogen,relative expression of caspase-3 of the aortic valve homograft was measured by RT-PCR and Western Blot.Fresh group was a negative control group.Results At the same time(P<0.05),the expression of caspase-3 of fresh aortic tissue was slightest.The experimental group 2 was in accord with the experiment group 3,which was of a sort compare with the fresh group.The experimental group 4,which was worse than the experimental group 2 and 3,ranked above the experimental group 1.The worst was the control group.Conclusions The joint use of trehalose and DMSO could well inhibit the expression of caspase-3.Moreover.0.1mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO and 0.2 mol/L trehalose +0.1 mol/L DMSO could maximize the inhibition of the expression of caspase-3.

Aim To prepare soluble human C1 q and tumor necrosis factor related protein-6 in Escherichia coli and analyze the bioactivity. Methods Recombi-nant plasmid was transformed into E. coli expression strain, and the recombinant protein Trx-hCTRP6 was expressed induced by IPTG and then purified. Results Trx-hCTRP6 was expressed efficiently and purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and Superdex G-75 column. The purified Trx-hCTRP6 was shown to be active under in vivo and in vitro assay conditions. Con-clusion Active Trx-hCTRP6 is efficiently prepared from E. coli protein expression system.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and prognosis of transcatheter arterial chemoembo-lization(TACE)combined with radiofrequency ablation(RFA)in treatment of liver cancer.Methods 64 patients of liver cancer were selected as the research subjects,and they were divided into two groups by randomized single blind method.32 cases in the control group adopted the TACE treatment,while 32 cases in the observation group were given TACE combined with RFA.The tumor shrinkage,complete necrosis rate,local recurrence rate,AFP levels and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.The patients were followed up for 3 years to record survival.Results After treatment,the tumor shrinkage rate and complete necrosis rate of the observation group were 90.63% and 75.00%, which were significantly higher than 68.75% and 50.00% of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =8.453,8.203,all P <0.05).The local recurrence rate of the observation group was 21.88%,which was significantly lower than 43.75% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =7.887,P <0.05).After treatment,the AFP level of the observation group was (70.11 ±6.45 )ng/L,which was significantly lower than (157.76 ±10.42)ng/L in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (t =7.433,P <0.05).The survival rates of 1 year,2 years and 3 years in the observation group were 84.38%,71.88%,56.25%, which were significantly higher than 65.63%,53.13%,31.25% in the control group (χ2 =8.677,8.203,8.985,all P <0.05).The incidence rate of postoperative adverse reaction had no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =1.337,P >0.05 ).Conclusion TACE combined with RFA in treatment of liver cancer can significantly improve the effect of tumor necrosis rate,reduce the local recurrence rate and prolong the survival time of the patients, and it had less adverse reaction,higher safety,and which should be applied in clinical.

Objective To compare the different types of physical artificial liver support system(ALSS) applied in the treatment of patients with early stage of chronic severe hepatitis in order to evaluate the therapeutic effect and look for the most effective one.Methods One hundred and twenty patients of chronic severe hepatitis B in early stage were randomly divided into 4 groups(each n=30).The patients in group 1 were treated by 3 000 ml plasma exchange;in group 2,by 2 000 ml plasma exchange combined with plasma adsorption for 2 hours;in group 3,only by plasma adsorption for 3 hours and in group 4,by molecular adsorbent re-circulating system(MARS).The observation time lasted for 2 weeks and the therapy twice a week,the interval between two times of treatment being 2-3 days.The improvement of symptoms,the fade away and rebound of icterus,the changes of albumin and prothrombin activity(PTA),side effects(anaphylaxis,hepatic encephalopathy,edema of conjunctiva,burp,fluid and electrolyte balance failure,changes of blood routine test and ammonia level,etc) were compared before and after the treatment.Results The symptoms of 27 cases in group 1 were improved,the rate of decrease of total bilirubin(TBil) of group 1 was 51.8% and the range of icterus rebound was 14.4% to 46.7% with comparatively more side effects.The symptoms of 24 cases of group 2 were improved,the rate of decrease of TBil in group 2 was 62.2% and the range of icterus rebound was 2.8% to 28.5% with comparatively less side effects.The symptoms of 16 cases of group 3 were improved,the rate of decrease of TBil in group 3 was 38.8% and the range of icterus rebound was 2.8% to 6.8% with less side effects.The symptoms of 26 cases of group 4 were improved,the rate of decrease of TBil in group 4 was 60.1% and the range of icterus rebound was 7.8% to 27.4% with comparatively more side effects,moreover the cost was higher than that in the other groups.Conclusion The method of reduced plasma exchange combined with plasma adsorption with macroporous resin used to cure chronic severe hepatitis at early stage has the characteristic of good effects for the fade away of icterus,little rebound of icterus and side effects.It is the reasonable method of artificial liver to cure the early stage of chronic severe hepatitis.

Purpose To investigate the adverse reactions and management in the process of transvaginal real-time three-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast sonography (3D-HyCoSy).Materials and Methods A total of 976 patients with infertility accepting 3D-HyCoSy in Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,from December 2014 to August 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The pain degree was evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS).Adverse reactions,including contrast countercurrent,vomiting,syncope and allergies,were recorded.The relationship between adverse reactions and ultrasound imaging signs was explored.Results There were 66 cases (6.76％) of VAS grade 0,346 cases of mild pain (35.45％),374 cases of moderate pain (38.32％) and 190 cases (19.47％) of severe pain.With the increase in the degree of tubal obstruction,the degree of pain gradually increased.Pain was the most common adverse reaction among patients,followed by vomiting (15 cases,1.54％),syncope (1 case,0.10％),and allergies (1 case,0.10％).The incidence of contrast countercurrent was 12.30％ (120 cases).The adverse reaction incidence of patients with abnormal ultrasound imaging signs was significantly higher than that of patients with normal signs (x2=29.02,P＜0.01).Conclusion With the extensive use of 3D-HyCoSy examination,its clinical application value has attracted a lot of attention,meanwhile,the understanding of its safety and related adverse reactions should also be improved.The state of patients should be closely observed before,during and after 3D-HyCoSy.Medical personnel should watch out for syncope and allergic reactions,and prepare for emergency management.

Objective To observe the effect of buyanghuanwu decoction on expression of immunoreactive protein and mRNA of NMDA receptor 2B subunit in rats hippocampal with vascular dementia to investigate the mechanism of buyanghuanwu decoction. Methods One hundred and forty-four rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: sham-operated group, VD model group,nimodipine group and buyanghuanwu decoction treatment group. The rats models of vascular dementia were built up by four vessels occlusion method. VD rats were treated with in-tragastrical buyanghuanwu decoction suspension (50 pharmacognostic g·kg-1·d-1) and nimodipine suspension (20 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 30 days. The learning and memory abilities were evaluated by Morris water maze tests. The change of NR2B protein in hippocampal of each group of rats were measured with immunohistochemistry and Western blot techniques and the expression of NR2B mRNA in hippocampus were observed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR techniques. Results Water maze tests,compared with sham-operated group((24. 18 ± 7.90)s,(7.99 ±1.32)/min) ,the escape latency(51. 25 ±18.28)s to explore the extension and the average spatial probe number ((5. 26 ±0. 74)/min) reduced in VD model group (P < 0. 05). Buyanghuanwu decoction ((25.91 ±9.56)s,(7. 52 ± 1. 27)/min) had significantly improved the above-mentioned rat model of learning and memory performance (P<0.05). There was no significant difference among sham-operated group,nimodipine group and buyanghuanwu decoction treatment group (P>0. 05). Similarly,as compared rats with sham-operated group(0.71 ±0.13), (5887 ±501), the expression of NR2B protein (0. 33 ± 0. 06) and its mRNA(593 ±53) were apparently decreased in VD rats (P< 0.05). The expression of NR2B protein(0.66 ±0. 11) and its mRNA (5692 ±482) in neuron of hippocampus were increased by buyanghuanwu decoction compared with the model group (P < 0. 05), and no difference was discovered between sham operation group and nimodipine group (P > 0.05).Conclusions Buyanghuanwu decoction improves the learning and memory abilities in VD rats, the therapeutic mechanism was concerned with lessening the injury of neurons on CA1 field in hippocampus and promoted the expression of NR2B protein and its mRNA.

Objective To investigate the effect of pathophysiology case-based learning(CBL)method on scores of pediatrics.Methods Undergraduates from 2005 grade at Chengde medical college were divided into two groups:experimental group(n=138,CBL method)and control group(n=136,conventional teaching method).The scores of pediatrics between the two groups were compared.The pediatrics test paper was divided into two types:type B,which was tightly connected with the pathophysiology knowledge and type F,which had less connection with pathophysiology knowledge.The accuracy rates of both groups were compared.Correlation analysis on scores between pathophysiology and internal medicine,surgery,pediatrics,obstetircs and gynaecology was made.Results No significant difference in total scores of pediatrics was observed between the two groups(P＞0.05);total accuracy rate of experimental group was higher than that of control group(P＞0.05);similar total accuracy rates of type F test paper were observed in both groups(P＞0.05);positive correlations in scores between pathophysiology and internal medicine,surgery,pediatrics,obstetircs and gynaecology were found.Conclusions Satisfactory long-term effect are received by applying pathophysiological CBL model since it can promote the application of pathophysiological knowledge in pediatrics,however,no apparent effect on students'clinical ability can be obtained from the mere application of CBL in pathophysiology course.

Objective To evaluate the preventive effect of entecavir on liver injury in chronic HBV infected patients complicated with tuberculosis receiving anti-tuberculosis treatment.Methods A total of 102 chronic HBV infected patients complicated with tuberculosis were collected from Guangzhou Eighth People' s Hospital and Guangzhou Chest Hospital during January 2011 and May 2012.Patients were divided into three groups:group A (n =33) received entecavir plus anti-tuberculosis treatment,group B (n =29) received lamivudine plus anti-tuberculosis treatment,and group C (n =40) received anti-tuberculosis treatment only.Liver injury,termination of treatment,liver function and HBV DNA load before and after treatment were observed.SPSS 13.0 was used for statistial analysis.Results Two cases (6.1％) in group A,6 cases (20.6％) in group B and 22 cases (55.0％) in group C had liver injury,and the difference among three groups was of statistical difference (x2 =22.126,P ＜ 0.01),but the difference between group A and group B was not significant (x2 =3.024,P＞0.05).One case (3.0％) in group A,3 cases (10.3％) in group B and 15 cases (37.5％) in group C terminated the treatment,and the difference among three groups was of statistical significance (x2 =16.008,P ＜ 0.01),but the difference between group A and group B was not significant (x2 =1.410,P ＞0.05).ALT and AST in group A and group B were not of significant differences before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment,but those in group C were significantly higher (Z =18.306,16.821,P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in HBV DNA load among three groups before the treatment (Z =0.460,P ＞ 0.05),while HBV DNA loads in group A and group B significantly decreased during the treatment,and the difference among three groups after the treatment was significant (Z =23.213,P ＜0.01).In addition,lower HBV DNA load was observed in group A compared with group B after one month anti-tuberculosis treatment (Z =8.109,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Early use of entecavir can effectively prevent liver injury during anti-tuberculosis treatment,ensuring anti-tuberculosis treatment and anti-HBV treatment carried out as planned.