BACKGROUND: The perception evaluation of treatment can influence the patients’ coping activities and psychosomatic reactions. Therefore, the medical coping mode adopted by patients is one of the most important medium factors affecting clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of medical coping styles in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant patients. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Questionnaire investigation was performed from January 2005 to January 2006 in Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University (Beijing, China). PARTICIPANTS: Sixty hemodialysis outpatients and 60 renal transplant outpatients with normal graft function from Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, were enrolled into this study. All the patients had to fulfill the following criteria such as they had completed the transplantation for ≥ 3 months and their renal function were normal while enrolled, or they had been on hemodialysis for ≥ 3 months. All the patients volunteered to participate in the questionnaire investigation. METHODS: Questionnaire investigation was carried out in 60 hemodialysis patients and 60 renal transplant patients. Patients completed the questionnaires following instructions by investigators. The interview scale included variables such as gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, children, family income, payment mode, influence of medical cost on family, time receiving hemodialysis and time after renal transplantation, etc. Medical coping mode questionnaire contains three subscales: Confrontation, Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation. Patients scored the questions over a range of 1 to 4 points. A higher score indicated a higher coping tendency adopted by patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All the patients were scored by each scale of Confrontation, Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation, and were compared with the norms. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between coping modes and influencing factors in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant patients. RESULTS: All 120 patients were involved in the result analysis. There were significant differences between hemodialysis patients and renal transplant patients in medical payment modes, the influence of medical cost on family, and the time on hemodialysis/time after renal transplantation (P 0.05). The average score of Confrontation in hemodialysis patients was lower than the norm (P 0.05). The average scores of Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation in renal transplant patients were higher than the norms (P

BACKGROUND: The perception evaluation of treatment can influence the patients' coping activities and psychosomatic reactions. Therefore, the medical coping mode adopted by patients is one of the most important medium factors affecting clinical treatment.OBJECTIVE: To explore the characteristics and influencing factors of medical coping styles in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant patients.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Questionnaire investigation was performed from January 2005 to January 2006 in Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University (Beijing, China).PARTICIPANTS: Sixty hemodialysis outpatients and 60 renal transplant outpatients with normal graft function from Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, were enrolled into this study. All the patients had to fulfill the questionnaire investigation.METHODS: Questionnaire investigation was carried out in 60 hemodialysis patients and 60 renal transplant patients.Patients completed the questionnaires following instructions by investigators.The interview scale included variables such as gender, age education, occupation, marital status, children, family income, payment mode, influence of medical cost on family, time receiving hemodialysis and time after renal transplantation, etc. Medical coping mode questionnaire contains three subscales: Confrontation. Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation. Patients scored the questions over a range of 1 to 4 points. A higher score indicated a higher coping tendency adopted by patients.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All the patients were scored by each scale of Confrontation, Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation, and were compared with the norms. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between coping modes and influencing factors in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant patients.RESULTS: All 120 patients were involved in the result analysis. There were significant differences between hemodialysis patients and renal transplant patients in medical payment modes, the influence of medical cost on family, and the time on hemodialysis/time after renal transplantation (P<0.05).The average scores of Confrontation and Acceptance-Resignation in hemodialysis patients were lower than those in renal transplant patients (P<0.05). The Avoidance scores showed no significant differences in two groups of the patients (P>0.05). The average score of Confrontation in hemodialysis patients was lower than the norm (P<0.05), and the average scores of Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation in hemodialysis patients were higher than the norms (P<0.05). The renal transplant patients exhibited similar scores of Confrontation as the norm, without significant differences (P>0.05). The average scores of Avoidance and Acceptance-Resignation in renal transplant patients were higher than the norms (P<0.05). In hemodialysis patients, the score of Confrontation was correlated with the gender of patients (r=-0.277, P<0.05); the score of Acceptance-Resignation was correlated with the family income (r=-0.287, P<0.05). In renal transplant patients, the score of Confrontation was correlated with the marital status (r=0.282, P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The medical coping style adopted by end-stage renal disease patients is influenced by the clinical treatment methods and psychosocial factors.Compared to the hemodialysis patients, renal transplant patients are prone to the Confrontation and Acceptance-Resignation. As for the hemodialysis patients, the score of Confrontation is correlated with the gender of patients, the score of Acceptance-Resignation is correlated with the family income.In renal transplant patients,the score of Confrontation is correlated with the marital status.

Homoacetogens are a group of microorganisms with application potential to produce chemicals and biofuels by the bioconversion of synthesis gas. In this study, we collected waste activated sludge samples to screen homoacetogens by Hungate anaerobic technique, and studied the effect of pH on acetate and alcohol production from H2/CO2 gas. The mixed culture contained Clostridium ljungdahlii, Lysinibacillus fusiformis and Bacillus cereus. Acetate concentration achieved 31.69 mmol/L when the initial pH was 7. The mixed culture containing homoacetogen could converting H2/CO2 to acetate, which provides an efficient microbial resource for the bioconversion of synthesis gas.
Acetates ; chemistry ; Bacteria ; classification ; Biofuels ; Carbon Dioxide ; Hydrogen ; Sewage ; microbiology

Objective: To establish the detemination method of bismuth subcarbonate in Weishu Powder. Methods: The samples were ignited, then bismuth subcarbonate in residue was determined by compleximetry. Results: The average recovery was 99.36?0.14%(n=9). Conclusion: This method can be used in quality control of Weishu Powder preparation.

Objective To assess the efficienty of operation in humeral intercondylar fractures by section, reposition, internal fixation by composition nail and replacement of elbow joint. Methods From January, 1999 to May, 2009, Forty-six cases of the humeral intercondylar fracture were treated with operation. Thirty-eight cases were followed for 17 months. Their affected elbow joint function were evaluated by Cassebaum rating system, patients treated with total elbow replacement evaluated by Mayo elbow score, DASH score additionally. Results According to Cassebaum rating system,there were 22 cases rated as excellent,eight cases rated as good,five cases rated as poor,three case rated as poor. The fineness rate is 78. 9% (30/38). Mayo score in patients with joint replacement ranged from 75.0 - 90. 0, averaged 84. 4 ± 1.7. DASH score ranged from 25.0 to 75.0,averaged 41. 1 ±0. 8. There was 1 case of superficial soft tissue nonhealing and 2 cases of ulna nerve symptoms. Myodynamia in elbow joint bend and stretch was Ⅳ in 1 cases. Conclusion It is a good method to treat the humeral intercondylar fracture with rational use of open reduction or elbow replacement according to fracture type and patient condition.

Objective To develop self-locking cannulated compression anti-rotation blade and investigate its design characteristic and manipulation techniques. Methods Femoral neck fracture model was made by osteotomy on seven cadaver femurs and then fixed by self-locking cannulated compres-sion anti-rotation blade under fluoroscopic guidance according to designed procedures. After fixation, bio-mechanic test was performed to evaluate fixation stability. Results Cannulated self-locking compres-sion anti-rotation blade was tightly impacted in proximal femur and compression detected during the process of locking, with successful manipulation and stable fixation. Conclusion Because of advanced design characteristic and simple manipulation, self-locking cannulated compression anti-rotation blade can be a substitute for cannulated cancellous lag screw in treatment of femoral neck fractures.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of fibular hook application in the treatment of lower tib-iofibular combination injuries.Methods Clinical data 9 cases from January 2005 to December 2007 treated with ap-piication of fibular hook were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 9 cases were followed-by 6 months to 24 months and were assessed by AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale.7 cases were excellent, 1 case was nice and 1 case was good.Conclusion Operation is necessary when the ankle joint stability is affected by the lower tibiofibular combination injuries,in order to ensure the lower tibiofibular combination ligament recovery completely.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of compound injection of Radix Hedysari on peripheral nerve regeneration in rats.

METHODSSeventy-five healthy adult SD male rats, weighing 150 g, were randomized into 5 groups (15 rats in each group). The bilateral sciatic nerves of the rats were exposed and clamped with a smooth clamp to make an injury area of 2 mm. After clamp operation Group 1 was injected with compound injection of radix Hedysari (CIRH) 1.5 ml/day, Group 2 with CIRH 1.0 ml/day, Group 3 with CIRH 0.5 ml/day, Group 4 with nerve growth factor (NGF) 50 U/day, and Group 5 was taken as the control group without any management. The bilateral sciatic nerve was taken out at 3 days, 1, 2 and 4 weeks after clamping, stained with osmic acid and observed microscopically. The myelinated nerve fibers were counted. The nerve conduction velocity was determined 2 and and 4 weeks before sample taking the sciatic nerve function index was measured 4 weeks before sample taking.

RESULTSThe results of nerve conduction velocity, the myelinated nerve fiber count and the sciatic functuion index in the CIRH treated groups were better than those in the control group. The results of the nerve conduction velocity and the myelinated nerve fiber count at 2 weeks and the nerve conduction velocity at 4 weeks in Group 1 were better than those of Group 4. Biological observation showed that degenerated and necrotic myelin sheath in CIRH treated Groups at 2 and 4 weeks decreased remarkably compared to the NGF treated group.

CONCLUSIONSCIRH can promote regeneration of peripheral nerves and absorption of degenerated and necrotic injured nerves. It has the same effect as NGF.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Injections, Intralesional ; Male ; Nerve Crush ; Nerve Fibers ; drug effects ; physiology ; Nerve Regeneration ; drug effects ; Peripheral Nerves ; drug effects ; physiology ; Probability ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reference Values ; Sciatic Nerve ; drug effects ; physiology ; Treatment Outcome ; Wounds and Injuries ; drug therapy ; physiopathology

Objective To evaluate the effects of 3-indoleacetic acid(IPA)on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and fi-brosis in mice peritoneal mesoepithelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.Methods Mouse peritoneal mesothelial cells be-fore and after LPS treatment were interfered with IPA at different concentrations(0.1,1.0 and 10 μmol/L),and the cell prolif-eration activity was examined by CCK-8 method to determine the optimal dose of IPA.Mice peritoneal mesothelium cells were divided into Control group,LPS group,LPS+IPA group,LPS+LY364947(TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor)group,LPS+IPA+LY364947 group and LPS+IPA+SRI-011381(TGF-β1 pathway activator)group.Cell proliferation viability was evaluated by CCK-8 assay and cell invasion was detected by Transwell assay.EMT-related factor(E-cadherin)and TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway-related factor(Smad3,p-Smad3)protein expression in cell supernatant was evaluated by Western blotting,and mesenchymal phe-notype α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)protein content was detected by ELISA.Results The optimal dose of IPA was 1.0μmol/L.Compared with Control group,cell proliferation and E-cadherin expression level were decreased(all P＜0.01).Invasivi-ty,α-SMA expression and p-Smad3/Smad3 were increased in LPS group(all P＜0.01).Compared with LPS group,cell prolifer-ative activity and E-cadherin expression level were increased(all P＜0.01),and invasivity,α-SM A expression and p-Smad3/Smad3 were decreased in LPS+IPA and LPS+LY364947 groups(all P＜0.01).Compared with LPS+IPA group,LPS+IPA+LY364947 group showed a more significant trend.The trends of measured indexes were reversed after SRI-011381 treatment in LPS+IPA group.Conclusion IPA inhibits Smad3 phosphorylation,thereby inhibiting cell EMT progression and alleviating LPS-induced peritoneal mesothelial cell injury.

Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a decreased skeletal muscle mass, a reduced strength, and a decreased performance.A key component of sarcopenia management is nutritional intervention.Currently, most of research focused on the roles of protein-energy metabolism and essential amino acids or their metabolites in the intervention of sarcopenia.However, as an important nutrient, little is known about the role of vitamins in sarcopenia.This review summarized the state-of-the-art evidence regarding the associations of vitamin D, B, C, E, and carotenoid with sarcopenia.Based on observational studies, a robust relationship between different types of vitamins and sarcopenia has been established, which implies that vitamin supplementation may be valuable for preventing sarcopenia in the elderly, especially in those with vitamin deficiencies.However, there are few clinical trials to explore the effects of vitamins for preventing or treating sarcopenia.Well-designed clinical trials are therefore needed to address this important issue.