Objective Clinical investigation of treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures by unilateral kyphoplasty.Methods After Surgical intervention of sixteen vertebral compression fractures by unilateral kyphoplasty,then investigate the changes of height and Cobb angle of vertebral bodies.Results All surgical procedures were finished safely.The mean height of the anterior and media vertebral bodies was 1.8?0.3cm,1.4?0.4cm preoperatively and 2.2?0.4cm、2.3?0.3cm postoperatively;the Cobb angle was decreased from 28.4??10.2? preoperatively to 19.2??4.5? postoperatively.The mean absolute value of the difference in height between right and left side of the vertebral bodies was 0.1cm in this group.Conclusions The kyphosis is improved and the operative time is reduced by unilateral kyphoplasty.Though this result is satisfied,more clinical studies are needed to be done for authenticating the effect of unilateral kyphoplasty on the treatment of vertebral compression fractures in the future.

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of human papillomaviruses (HPV)infection among human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive women.Methods Totally 178HIV-positive and 122 HIV-negative women were enrolled.Structured interviews,peripheral CD4 + T cells counts and cervical specimens were obtained.Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)assay was used to identify HPV types. SPSS 16.0 was used for statistical analysis,and logistic regression was used to identify independent prognostic factors for high-risk HPV infection. Results HPV positive rate,high-risk and multiple HPV infection rates were 38.2% vs.12.3% ,35.4% vs.8.2% ,and 13.5% vs.3.3% in HIVpositive women and HIV-negative women,respectively,and the differences were of statistical significance (x2 =24.77,29.08 and 8.91,P ＜0.05).The common types of high-risk HPV were similar between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women(HPV16,52,58 and 18).CD4 + T count ＜ 350/pL,HIV-positive in husband,and HIV infection through sexual contact were risk factors for high-risk HPV infection in HIV-positive women.Conclusion sThe prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-infected women is high,especially for high-risk HPV infection and multiple infection.High-risk HPV infection usually occurs in HIV-positive women with low immune status,HIV infection through sexual contact and HIV-positive husband.

BACKGROUND: Recently, zirconia ceramic implants have been reported to be used in clinic. Increasing studies on surface treatment of ziconia implants have been done, in order to promote bone-implant osseointegration and increase the success rate of implantation. There are no recognized surface treatment techniques of zirconia implants as yet.OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress in surface treatment techniques of zirconia implants.METHODS: The first author searched the CNKI, PubMed and Web of Science databases for relevant articles published from January 2000 to October 2016. The keywords were zirconia or zirconium, implant, surface treatment in Chinese and English, respectively. The search condition was((zirconia or zirconium) AND implant) AND surface treatment. Here,we reviewed the surface treatment techniques of zirconia implants, and introduced the properties, the surface treatment techniques and commercialization of zirconia implants.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 23 papers were included in result analysis. Commonly used surface treatment technologies of zirconia implants include sand blasting, acid etching, sandblast and acid-etching, selective filtration etching, laser, ultraviolet and coating. These technologies all contribute to improving the surface activity of the implant,increasing the roughness, and promoting bone bonding to a certain extent.Because of the very limited experiments,further investigations are required to explore the optimum technique for the surface treatment of zirconia implants.

BACKGROUND: Hedgehog signaling pathway is shown to contribute to the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and to play an important role in regulating the expression of RANKL in osteoblasts. Nowadays, the definite signal transduction pathway has been revealed gradually.OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of RANKL in osteoblasts that regulated by hedgehog signaling pathway.METHODS: A computer-based online search in CNKI, Google Scholar and PubMed databases was performed with the key words of Hedgehog, osteoblast, BMSCs, PTHrP, CREB, NFAT, RANKL in English and Chinese, respectively.Literatures related to the expression of RANKL in osteoblasts that regulated by the Hedgehog signaling pathway were included initially and 37 eligible articles were extensively summarized for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The Hedgehog signaling pathway plays an advanced role in the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and also upregulates intracellular parathyroid hormone related protein, which activates its downstream signaling molecules cAMP response element binding protein and nuclear factor of activated T cells ulteriorly, to promote the expression of RANKL in osteoblasts and increase the differentiation and formation from osteoclast precursor cells to mature osteoclasts.

Objective To observe the effects of low-dose theophylline and tiotropium on lung function and quality of life in patients with mild-moderate stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and evaluate its safety.Methods This was a randomized,parallel-group,controlled trial.A total of 115 patients with mild-moderate stable COPD were divided into tiotropium group (37 cases),slow-release theophylline group (40 cases) and the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group (38 cases) by random digits table method.Thirty-eight patients without cardiopulmonary diseases were enrolled in control group.Observation period was 12 months.The lung function,6 min walking test distance (6MWD),modified British Medical Research Council Scale (mMRC),and COPD assessment test (CAT) were monitored before treatment and after treatment for 12 months.Results Of 115 patients,107 patients (35cases in tiotropium group,36 cases in slow-release theophylline group and 36 cases in combination of slowrelease theophylline and tiotropium group) completed the study.No significant difference was found in spirometry parameters reflecting airflow limitation after 12 months treatment compared with that before treatment in tiotropium group,slow-release theophylline group and the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group (P ＞ 0.05),such as the percentage of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) over the expected value (FEV1％) and FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC).The percentage of mid expiratory flow over the expected value (FEF25～75％) was improved in all groups,but the increment of FEF25～75 ％ was much higher in tiotropium group and the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group than that in slow-release theophylline group:(39.23 ± 7.77)％,(39.99 ± 8.25)％ vs.(34.91 ± 9.50)％,there were significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Similar changes were observed in mMRC and CAT score.There was significant difference in CAT score between tiotropium group,the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group and slow-release theophylline group:(14.34 ± 2.22),(14.39 ± 3.53) scores vs.(16.22 ± 3.35) scores,P ＜ 0.05.6MWD was no obvious change in tiotropium group,slow-release theophylline group and the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group before and after treatment.The use frequency of short-acting drugs bronchiectasis was the lowest in the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group,and only was (2.3 ± 1.4) times per week.Fourteen patients happened COPD exacerbations in slow-release theophylline group during 12 months treatment.The duration in slow-release theophylline group was more than that in tiotropium group and the combination of slow-release theophylline and tiotropium group:(9.76 ± 2.25) d vs.(7.85 ± 2.51),(8.29 ± 2.24) d,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions For mild-moderate stable COPD patients,the quality of life and dyspnea scores are not improved significantly after treatment of low-dose slow-release theophylline,and the combination slow-release theophylline and tiotropium may be more beneficial and safe.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Changji’an capsules on abdominal pain and the molecular mechanism re-lated to calcitoningene-related peptide(CGRP)and corticosterone(CORT)in diarrhea-predominant irratable bowel syndrome(IBS-D)model rats. METHODS:After the rat models of IBS-D were established by the method of separation of breast mick combined with stimulation with acetic acid,the rats were randomly divided into model group(isometric normal saline),pinaverium bromide group(0.018 g/kg),and Changji’an capsules high,medium and low dose groups(2.812 g/kg,1.406 g/kg and 0.703 g/kg),and another SD rats were included in the normal control group(isometric normal saline). The drugs were given to the rats once a day for consecutive 14 d,ig. Injection of normal saline method was adopted to determine the rat’s sensibility to abdominal pain. The en-zyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was adopted to determine the content of CORT in the serum of the rats. Subjected to re-verse transcription polymerse chain reaction(RT-PCR)was adopted to determine the expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothala-mus and colon tissues of the rats. RESULTS:Compared with normal control group,threshold values of arching the back and stick-ing out the abdomen were decreased,the content of CORT in serum and expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and co-lon tissues in model group were increased,with significant difference(P<0.01). Compared with model group,threshold values of arching the back and sticking out the abdomen were increased,the content of CORT in serum and expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and colon tissues in pinaverium bromide group and Changji’an capsules high and medium dose groups were de-creased;the threshold value of arching the back in Changji’an capsules low dose group were increased,with significant difference (P<0.01 or P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Changji’an capsules can improve the abdominal pain in rats with IBS-D by a mechanism that may be related to the decrease in the expression of CGRP mRNA in the hypothalamus and colon tissues and the reduc-tion of the content of CORT in serum.

Objective:To research the best processing method of ginger juice baking for Rhizoma coptis. Methods:The total con-tent of four alkaloids including berberine hydrochloride determined by HPLC was used as the evaluation index, and an L9(34)orthogo-nal design with three factors including the amount of ginger juice, baking temperature and baking time and variance analysis were ap-plied to study the ginger juice baking technology for Rhizoma coptis. Results:The best processing conditions were as follows:Rhizoma coptis was soaked with 15% ginger juice, baked at 150℃ for 40 min, and withdrawn to be cool. Conclusion:The optimal ginger juice baking technology for Rhizoma coptis is reasonable, which can be used to guide the standardized production of Rhizoma coptis with gin-ger juice baking.

TF no-mix orthodontic adhesive was compounded in different weight proportion of nanograde hydroxyapatite as 10%, 20% and 30%, for use in this comparative study on composites. 80 orthodontic brackets were cemented and divided into 8 experimental groups, and TF adhesive was set as the control group. The tensile strength and shear strength were tested respectively. The results showed that the group of 10% nanograde hydroxyapatite obtained the greatest bonding strength (9.668 +/- 1.0649 MPa in tensile strength and 11.991 +/- 1.4135 MPa in shear strength), and there was significant difference between the 10% group and the other groups (P < 0.05, one-way ANAOV). It is concluded that the bonding strength can be enhanced when TF adhesive is compounded in suitable proportion of nanograde hydroxyapatitie.
Animals ; Cattle ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Cements ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Particle Size ; Tensile Strength

Objective:To investigate the expression and diagnostic values of CD200 and insulinoma associated protein 1 (INSM1) in gastrointestinal and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (GIP-NEN).Methods:The expression of CD200, INSM1, Syn and CgA was detected in 69 cases of GIP-NEN, 66 cases of gastrointestinal and pancreatic non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (GIP-nonNEN) and 16 cases of metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasm by immunohistochemistry, to compare the values of CD200, INSM1, Syn, CgA and their combinations in diagnosing GIP-NEN. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used.Results:The immunoreactivity of CD200 was present in the cytoplasma and/or membrane of the neoplasms cells, the positive expression rates in GIP-NEN and GIP-nonNEN were significantly different ( P<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of CD200 for diagnosing GIP-NEN were 95.7% and 78.8%, respectively. There was significant difference of the positive rates of CD200 between neuroendocrine tumor and neuroendocrine carcinoma ( P=0.05). The immunoreactivity of INSM1 was present in the nuclei of neoplasms cells. The positive expression rates in GIP-NEN and GIP-nonNEN were significantly different ( P<0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of INSM1 for diagnosis of GIP-NEN were 85.5% and 95.5%, respectively. There were also significantly different positive rates of INSM1 between neuroendocrine tumor and neuroendocrine carcinoma, as well as between G1 and G3 neuroendocrine tumors ( P<0.05). There was no difference in the area under ROC curve (AUC) of single stain of CD200, INSM1, Syn or CgA (0.857, 0.907, 0.890 and 0.833, respectively, P>0.05). The sensitivity of combined CD200+INSM1 stains for diagnosing GIP-NEN was significantly higher than that of Syn+CgA (85.5% vs. 63.8%, P<0.05). The AUC of two combinations were 0.962 and 0.925, respectively, which were not statistically different ( P>0.05). Conclusions:CD200 and INSM1 are two novel markers of neuroendocrine neoplasm, which aid to diagnosis for GIP-NEN and exclude its mimickers. They are associated with tumor grades. Combining both as an immunohistochemical panel shows high sensitivity and specificity. Thus, the combined panel can be utilized as useful supplement for Syn and CgA.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of extraction site preservation using injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) combine with poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres.Methods Immediate extraction defects models were created in canine mandibles,and the defects were filled with CPC/PLGA (experimental group,E),Bio-Oss (positive control,P),non-treatment (blank control,B) respectively.Dogs were sacrificed after 4,8,12 weeks post operation.Statistical analysis were conducted using SPSS 19.Results Results of radiological observation showed that there were not significantly different between groups in 4 and 8 week(P ＞0.05).After 12 week,E(114.9 ±8.4)were not significantly different compared with P(117.4 ± 12.1) (P ＞ 0.05),both were significantly higher than B (95.0 ± 12.6)(P ＜0.05).Histology examination showed that at 4 week following surgery,the result of newly formed bone was as follow,P [(87.5 ± 1.5) ％] ＞ B [(78.7 ± 2.7) ％] ＞ E [(69.2 ± 1.8) ％] (P ＜ 0.05).At8,12 week,results of P[(94.0 ±2.3)％ and (93.5 ±1.9)％]and E[(94.7 ±1.1)％ and (96.0±0.9)％] were better than those of B[(76.8 ±3.0)％ and (87.0 ±2.4)％] (P＜0.05).Conclusions The effect of CPC/PLGA repair immediate alveolar ridge defects is the same as that of BioOss,and CPC/PLGA can be used as a material in extraction site preservation.