Objective To investigate the relationship between the advantageous ear (cerebral hemisphere) of Spanish-speaking Mexican Chinese learners and category's perception of the Chinese tones .Methods Four types of Chinese syllables tones were used as experimental materials with dichotic listening technology to test the Spanish -speaking Mexican Chinese learners who studied Chinese about 60~70 hours ,20~27years old(mean is 21 .29 ± 2 .3) , and then the correct response time and error rate were made a count on .Results In terms of reaction time for iden-tifying the four Chinese tones ,the Spanish-speaking M exican Chinese learners's reaction to the first tone suggested that their right ear were the advantageous ear (the left cerebral hemisphere) .As for the main effects of both hands , the first tone suggested that the Spanish -speaking Mexican Chinese learners had a left hand advantage .The Span-ish -speaking Mexican Chinese learners's reaction to the sencond tone suggested that their right ear were the advan-tageous ear(the left cerebral hemisphere) with the left hand used as a hand of reaction ,and the Spanish-speaking Mexican Chinese learners's reaction to the second tone suggested that their left ear were the advantageous ear (the right cerebral hemisphere) with the right hand used as a hand of reaction .In terms of error rate for identifying the four Chinese tones ,the Spanish-speaking M exican Chinese learners's reaction to the third tone suggested that their right ear were the advantageous ear (the left cerebral hemisphere) with the left or right hand used as a hand of reac-tion ,but the fourth's identification didn't show the advantageous ear .Conclusion M exican Chinese learners identify the first and third tones of Modern Chinese the right ear (the left cerebral hemisphere) main effects were significant . Identifying the second tone of Modern Chinese ,Mexican Chinese learners'right ears (the left cerebral hemisphere)or right ears (the left cerebral hemisphere) were the advantageous ear (the advantageous cerebral hemisphere) or not depend on the reaction of hands .Identifying the fourth tones ,Mexican Chinese learners'left or right ear (left or right cerebral hemisphere) main effects weren't significant .

Objective To investigate the relationship between the advantage ear (brain hemisphere) of Span-ish-speaking Mexican Chinese learners and category's perception of the Chinese aspirated and unaspirated pho-nemes .Methods Chinese aspirated and unaspirated syllables were used as experimental materials with dichotic lis-tening technology to test the Spanish -speaking Mexican Chinese learners .Results Mexican Chinese learners had studied Chinese 25~30 hours firstly showed percept unaspirated affricates and aspirated stops didn't appear left and right ear advantage .Mexican Chinese learners had studied Chinese 50~60 hours showed that percept aspirated affri-cates appeared right ear advantage(P<0 .05) ,and percept unaspirated affricates appeared left ear advantage (P<0 . 05) .Conclusion The conformation of Mexican Chinese learners’ advantage ear (brain hemisphere) is a continuous process ,relating to Chinese aspirated and unaspirated’s category building .

Objective:To establish an algorithm on the turnover ratio of drug inventory. Methods: According to the employed method in the commercial field on calculating the inventory turnover and the requirements in the review of three level hospitals by the National Health and Family Planning Commission, an appropriate method for calculating the turnover rate of drug inventory was de-duced. Meanwhile, a corresponding program was performed for the verification. Results:Only the day turnover could be obtained ac-cording to the algorithms on the inventory turnover in commercial field, and the circumstances of the sales could be replaced by the cur-rent sales to obtain the statistics at any given time, while there was remarkable difference between the calculated results and the actual results of some species. If the time in store was chosen as the statistical index, the problem could be avoided. Conclusion:The meth-od with drug storage time as the statistical index can calculate the inventory turnover ratio at any time precisely, which also can be pro-grammed automatically, and the proportion of available varieties meets the inspection requirements.

Objective To study the expression of interleukin 6 (IL 6) and tumor necrosis factor ? (TNF ?) , location of both cytokines and their relationship with the variation of bone mineral density (BMD). Methods Cancellous bone chips were obtained from the vertebral bone of senile osteoporosis and control subjects during operation. Slides were made and stained with IL 6 and TNF ? monoclonal antibody, respectively. Results Osteoblasts and stromal cells were strongly positive to IL 6 and TNF ? in osteoporosis groups. The number of positive cells in high power field are 107 9?42 6 and 99 0?31 8 in osteoporosis groups, and 31 4?20 5 and 28 5?17 1 in controls, respectively, showing significant difference between two groups ( P

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects and side effects of Jinlong Capsule with concurrent three-dimen-sional conformal radiotherapy for advanced primary hepatic carcinoma. Methods: A total of 85 patients with inoperable primary hepat-ic carcinoma were randomly divided into a research group and a control group. Forty-two cases in the control group were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy alone, whereas 45 cases in the research group were treated with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and Jinlong Capsule oral administration. All cases were irradiated with 6 MV X-rays, 2 Gy per day, 5 days a week to a to-tal dose of 60 Gy in 6 weeks. Jinlong Capsule (1 g) was administered orally three times daily until disease progression for at least one year. The short-term therapeutic effect and adverse events were evaluated for 2 months after treatment. The long-term therapeutic effect was assessed at the end of follow-up. Results: The objective response rate of the research group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 74.4% and 47.6%, respectively (P=0.011). The disease control rates were 97.7% and 85.3% (P=0.030) for the re-search and control groups, respectively. No obvious difference was found between the complete response rates of the two groups, 20.9% and 14.3% (P=0.422). The 1- and 3-year overall survival rates of the research group (74.4% and 34.9%) were significantly high-er than those of the control group (66.7% and 16.7%) at P=0.046. The 1- and 3-year progression free survival rates of the research group (74.4% and 27.9%) were significantly higher than those of the control group (61.9% and 9.5%) at P=0.038. The main adverse events were grade 1–2 bone marrow suppression, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, and transaminase elevation. No obvious dif-ference was observed between the adverse events in the two groups. Conclusion: The short- and long-term effects of the combination therapy of Jinlong Capsule and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy on primary hepatocellular carcinoma were significantly high-er than those of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy alone. The patients also tolerated the adverse effects.

To capture a state of the enzyme in complex with an intact substrate, we developed and adopted a novel freezing method in crystal preparation procedure. Neither the elimination of the catalytically indispensable ligands, nor mutation or modification of the active site is required. At -20 degrees C, we soaked the crystal of 6-phosphate-beta-glucosidase (Bg1A) in the liquor containing p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside-6-phosphate (pNPbetaG6P). The diffraction data at 2 A resolution was collected and an intact and unambiguous electron density map of pNPbetaG6P was obtained. These results provide an effective method for the research of cryoenzymology and the intermediate state of enzyme-substrate complex in the future.
Cold Temperature ; Crystallization ; Glucosidases ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; X-Ray Diffraction

Treatment of 34 cases of Simple ankle sprain mainly by Ashi point and in cooperation with magnetic therapy, and Qiuxu (GB 40), Shenmai (BL 62),Jinmen (BL 63) and Pucan ( BL 61 ) were added in the presence of strephenopodia sprain, Zhaohai (KI 6),Shuiquan (KI 5 ) and Taixi (KI 3 ) were added in the presence of strephexopodia sprain, the effective rate was 91.7%.

BACKGROUND:The articular cartilage has weak self-repair ability, mainly due to its lack of trophoblast cels in blood vessels and slow cel metabolism. Current treatment methods cannot restore the original function of the cartilage tissue, and cartilage tissue engineering in recent years has garnered increasing attention. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of adipose-derived stem cels transfected with bone morphogenetic protein 14 combined with type I colagen sponge scaffold on the repair of articular cartilage injury in the knee of rabbits. METHODS: Adipose-derived stem cels were isolated and cultured from rabbit subcutaneous adipose tissue, and transfected with Ad-CMV-BMP-14-IRES-hrGFP-1. Type I colagen sponge scaffold with the transfected adipose-derived stem cels was used to repair articular cartilage injury in the knee of rabbits. Twelve weeks after operation, the articular tissue was taken for gross assessment and histological evaluation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 14, type II colagen and Sox-9 were higher in cels transfected with bone morphogenetic protein 14 than untransfected ones. At 12 weeks after operation, adipose-derived stem cels transfected with bone morphogenetic protein 14 combined with type I colagen sponge scaffold had good repair effect on articular cartilage injuries, and the injured cartilage tissues were smooth and had good texture, color and integration junction; adipose-derived stem cels combined with type I colagen sponge scaffold could partialy repair the injured cartilage tissues that had similar color and texture to normal tissues, and there was a remarkable boundary between the repaired tissue and normal cartilage tissue;simple type I colagen sponge scaffold was almost colapsed, and no hyaline cartilage tissue formed. These findings indicate that transfection of bone morphogenetic protein 14 can strengthen the ability of adipose-derived stem cels dramaticaly to repair cartilage injuries.

Antimicrobial peptides ( AMPs) are critical component of the innate immune system of organisms, and have been demonstrated with the activity against a variety of microorganisms including bacteria, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells.Broad-spectrum activity and low propensity for resistance development make the AMPs as a kind of great potential for development of new anti-infective agents.In this paper, the origins, the action, the mechanism, the application prospects are reviewed.

AIM:To investigate the effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the expression of MAPKs and ileal epithelial cell apoptosis in the rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion ( I/R) injury.METHODS:Healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, I/R group, I/R+sodium hydrosulfide ( NaHS) group .The animal model of intestinal ischemia reperfusion was established.Apoptosis index ( AI) of ileal epithelial cell was measured by TUNEL assay.H2 S was detected by sensitive sulfide electrode.The mRNA expression of ERK, JNK and p38MAPK was detected by RT-PCR.The protein levels of phosphorylation( p)-ERK, p-JNK, p-NF-κB P65 and p38MAPK were deter-mined by Western blot.RESULTS:H2 S, ERK mRNA and p-ERK in I/R group were significantly higher than those in I/R+NaHS group and sham group while JNK mRNA, p38MAPK mRNA, p-JNK, p-p38MAPK, p-NF-κB P65 and AI were predominantly higher than those in I/R+NaHS group and sham group (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:H2S attenuates ileal epithelial cell apoptosis in the rats with intestinal I/R injury by down-regulating ERK mRNA p-ERk and up-regulating JNK mRNA, p38MAPK mRNA and phosphorylation of JNK, p38MAPK and NF-κB P65.