OBJECTIVE To determine distribution of pathogens and resistance characteristic in urinary infection and to provide basis for clinicians to select antibiotics correctly.METHODS A total of 272 strains of pathogens were identified and ESBLs-producing G-bacilli were detected.RESULTS Among 272 strains,68.4% of G-bacilli,19.1% of G+cocci,12.5% of fungi,41.1% of Escherichia coli and 18.2% of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains produced ESBLs.CONCLUSIONS G-bacilli are major pathogens of urinary infection and their resistance is raised.Much attention should be paid to resistance detection.It is important to control nosocomial infection and select antibiotics correctly.

Objective To explore the value of dexamethasone(DEX) for neuronal cell injury and death by observing the effect of DEX on excitatory amino acid(EAA) and monoamine neurotransmitter in cerebral tissue of neonatal rat with hypoxia-ischemia.Methods Hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rat models were established,the levels of EAA and monoamine neurotransmitter in cerebral tissue were analyzed by using capillary electrophoresis and fluorospectrophotometry method.The rats were divided into 4 groups: small dose DEX group pre-treated with DEX(0.5 mg/kg) prior to hypoxia-ischemia,large dose DEX group pre-treated with DEX(10 mg/kg) prior to hypoxia-ischemia,HIE group and shamful operation group.Results The levels of EAA and monoamine neurotransmitter contents in HIE group were significantly higher than those in shamful operation group(P0.05).EAA contents of large dose DEX group greatly decreased compared with HIE group (P

Objective To evaluate the perfectibility of colposcopy directed biopsy for the diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial(CIN)through cervial conization by loop electrosurgical excision procedure(LEEP).Methods Biopsy by colposcopy and biopsy after LEEP were analyzed retrospectively in 108 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to study the related factors of affecting the coincidence rate.Results Comparison of pathological hanges following both LEEP and colposcopy showed that 69 cases were the same,24 upgrade,and 15 downgrade.Conclusion LEEP is a kind of effective and perfect method for the specific diagnosis and treatment of CIN.Colposcopically directed biopsy has its limitations.

Antigens ; analysis ; Microarray Analysis ; methods ; Quantum Dots ; Semiconductors

Aza Compounds ; analysis ; Heterocyclic Compounds ; analysis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; methods ; Workplace

OBJECTIVE To define the regularity of survival ability of HIV in natural environment,and prevent(infection) through contacting with positive body fluids during daily life or medical work.METHODS Having been diluted by sterile water or 10% serum RPMI 1640 medium,HIV was exposed to 4℃,room temperature(20-26℃) or 37℃ for different period of time.TCID_(50) of these samples was detected.Non-pathological samples were blind passaged for three generations.RESULTS HIV infective ability persisted more than 35 days both in(water) and medium at 4℃;whereas it persisted 7-14 days in water,14-21 days in medium at room temperature and 37℃.CONCLUSIONS HIV has higher resistance in natural environment.To prevent accidental spreading of HIV,HIV positive liquids and contaminants staffs should be treated carefully.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects (VSD) in children following transthoracic echocardiography (TTE).

METHODSFrom September 2002 to December 2005, eighty-nine children (47 males and 42 females) with perimembranous (VSD) underwent an attempt of transcatheter interventional occlusion. Among the 89 children, one of them was diagnosed with patent ductus arterious (PDA) and six with VSD leakage after the surgical repair (three with leakage after the surgical repair of tetralogy of Fallot and three with leakage after the surgical repair of VSD). The mean age of patients was (6.4 +/- 3.9) years (ranged from 1 to 18 years). The mean body weight of patients was (22 +/- 11 )kg (ranged from 9 to 78 kg). The mean diameter of VSD measured by TTE was (4.3 +/- 1.5) mm(ranged from 2 to 8.5mm). The path of artery to vein was established following X-rays and TTE. Occluder was released through the right heart system. All patients were followed up in 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after procedure of TTE, X-ray and electrocardiography.

RESULTThe devices were deployed successfully in 85 patients, the rate of success was 95.5%. No death occurred during and after the procedure. There was trivial residual shunt in 12 patients immediately after the closure by TTE and angiography. Twenty-four hours later, only 3 patients had trivial residual and no shunt existed after 6 months follow-up. Convulsion occurred in 1 case due to serious cardiac arrhythmias. Hemolysis was found in 2 cases. Other complications included 2 cases of complete left bundle branch block, 1 cases of left anterior fascicular block and 3 cases of incomplete right bundle branch block. They recovered after 3 to 7 days of corticosteroid treatment. After 1 to 36 months (mean 9 months) follow-up, none of occluders displacement occurred and no valve was involved.

CONCLUSIONTranscatheter closure of membranous VSD using occluder would be safe and effective for children, and the results of short-term was satisfied. Transcatheter closure of VSD following TTE is a feasible method. TTE has the potential benefit of avoiding general anesthesia and esophageal intubation in children.

Adolescent ; Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

OBJECTIVETo study the marriage status, labour ability, income and other living condition of people affected by leprosy, and to provide information on prevention, cure and salvation programs from the government.

METHODSBased on the standardized national criteria and method, all registered people affected by leprosy in the whole province were asked to fill in a nationally standardized Form.

RESULTSOut of the 13,034 cases, 91.19% were farmers and only 13.01% of the teenagers were at school. On 12,816 patients at age for marriage, there were more unmarried males than females, more living in the leprosy villages than those living outside of the leprosy village (P < 0.01). Disability rate in leprosy villages was seen more than outside of the leprosy village. Per capita average annual income for the people affected by leprosy was only half of the average individual income in the whole province and 1/4 of the individual income in the nation.

CONCLUSIONThe living condition of those leprosy-affected people, particularly living in leprosy villages, called for special attention and the government should take comprehensive prevention to publicize the knowledge on leprosy to reduce fear and discrimination against them.

Activities of Daily Living ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Disabled Persons ; psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Income ; Leprosy ; epidemiology ; psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life

OBJECTIVETo study the modulatory effect of sulfur dioxide (SO(2)) on the accumulation of collagen type I and type III in the wall of aorta during spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) vascular remodeling.

METHODSEight male Wistar Kyoto rats at the age of 4 weeks with normal blood pressure were used as a control group. And sixteen male SHRs at the age of 4 weeks were randomly divided into an SHR control group and SHR + Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) (SO(2) donor) group. Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) solution was injected intraperitoneally everyday to the rats in the SHR + Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) group. After 5 weeks, the systemic blood pressure was measured. The weight ratio of left ventricle to the whole heart was also measured. The rat aorta was dyed with Hart's method. The morphometric parameters including outer radius, lumen radius and the wall thickness were calculated by Leica workstation. The plasma level of SO(2) was determined by HPLC method. The expressions of collagen type I and type III in aorta were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS(1) Compared with the WKY rat control group, the systolic blood pressure increased by 53%, the weight ratio of left ventricle to the whole heart increased by 6% but the plasma level of SO(2) decreased by 44% for rats in the SHR group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Compared with the SHR control group, the systolic blood pressure decreased by 26%, but the plasma level of SO(2) increased by 28% (all P < 0.01) for rats in the SHR + Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) group. (2) Compared with the WKY rats, the ratio of media to lumen radius increased by 28% for SHR. Compared with the SHR group, the ratio of media to lumen radius decreased by 10% (P < 0.01) in rats of the SHR + Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) group. (3) Compared with rats in the WKY control group, collagen type I expression increased by 10% for rats in the SHR group (P < 0.01). Compared with the SHR group, however, the expression decreased by 58% for rats in the SHR + Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) group (P < 0.01). (4) Compared with rats in the WKY control group, the expression increased by 13% for rats in the hypoxia SHR group (P < 0.01); however, compared with rats in the SHR group, the expression decreased by 8% in the rats of the SHR +Na(2)SO(3)/NaHSO(3) group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIn the process of SHR vascular collagen remodeling in the rats, SO(2) could inhibit the abnormal accumulation of collagen type I and type III in the wall of aorta. This effect may be one of the mechanisms by which SO(2) ameliorates SHR vascular remodeling.

Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Inbred WKY ; Sulfur Dioxide ; pharmacology

The research aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Opuntia dillenii Haw polysaccharide (OPS) on atherosclerosis of rats. First atherosclerotic rat models were established by high-fat and high-calcium diet. Thirty days later, the rats were treated with low dosage of OPS (0.2 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)) or high dosage of OPS (0.4 g x kg(-1) x d(-1)) by intraperitoneal injection for 60 days continuously. At the end of treatment, thoracic aorta rings were prepared and vasorelaxation of rat thoracic aorta in different experiment groups were determined by using 620M multi wire myograph system in vitro. Blood and livers of rats were collected. Then plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) of rats were separately determined using whole automatic biochemical analyzer; protein level of hepatic apolipoprotein B (ApoB) and that of hepatic diglyceride acyltransferase (Dgat1) were measured by Western Blot technique. Results showed that the ability of rat thoracic aorta to relax decreased markedly in the model group compared with that in the normal group, and significant differences existed in vasorelaxation ratios induced by different concentrations of carbamylcholine chloride (Carb) between these two groups (P < 0.01). After OPS treatment, the ability of rat thoracic aorta to relax improved markedly, the vasorelaxation ratios induced by Carb at 5 and 10 μmol x L(-1) were respectively 0.34 ± 0.08 and 0.62 ± 0.15 in the group treated with low dosage of OPS, while the ratios induced by Carb at 1 and 5 μmol x L(-1) were respectively 0.54 ± 0.08 and 0.98 ± 0.02 in the group treated with high dosage of OPS, which were all significantly different with those in the model group (P < 0.01). Plasma contents of TC, TG and LDL reduced significantly by the treatments both with low and high dosages of OPS compared with those in the model group (P < 0.01). Protein level of hepatic ApoB and that of hepatic Dgat1 decreased significantly after the treatment with high dosage of OPS compared with those in the model group (P < 0.01). These results indicate that OPS can markedly improve the vasorelaxation of thoracic aorta of atherosclerotic rats and has significant anti-atherosclerotic effect; inhibiting the expression of ApoB and Dgat1 and thus decreasing the amounts of TC, LDL and TG serving as one of the molecular mechanisms of its antiatherosclerosis effect.
Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; drug effects ; Atherosclerosis ; drug therapy ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; blood ; Opuntia ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Triglycerides ; blood